Willow whip (Pluteus salicinus) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Chikwapuro (Pluteus salicinus)

• Rhodosporus salicinus;
• Pluteus petasatus.

Willow whip (Pluteus salicinus) ifungus yerudzi rwePlyutey uye mhuri yePlyuteev. Mycologist Vasser anotsanangura rudzi urwu rwehowa semhando inodyiwa, asi isingadzidziswe zvishoma. Makore mashoma gare gare, munyori mumwechete anotsanangura howa uhwu sehune hukama neAmerican specimen, uye anofananidzira chikwapuro chewillow se hallucinogenic. Mukuumbwa kwayo, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakawanikwa zvinomutsa kuvandudzwa kwekufungidzira, kusanganisira psilocybin.

Tsanangudzo Yekunze

The fruiting body of the willow spit is het-legged. Nyama yaro yakashata, yakaonda, ine mvura, inoratidzwa ne-white-grey kana ruvara ruchena, munharaunda yegumbo kubva mukati iyo yakasununguka, kana yakaputsika inova yakasvibirira zvishoma. Kunhuhwirira uye kuravira kungave kusinga taurike kana kuti kushayiwa simba.

Iyo ngowani muhupamhi inotangira kubva pa2 kusvika ku5 cm (dzimwe nguva - 8 cm), pakutanga ine conical kana convex chimiro. Mumiviri yakakura inobereka michero, inova flat-prostrate kana flat-convex. Muchikamu chepakati chevhavha, ganda rakatetepa, rakakura uye rakaderera tubercle rinowanzoonekwa. Kumusoro kwevhavha yehowa yewillow whip inopenya, radially fibrous, uye mafibers akatinai muruvara kupfuura mumvuri mukuru. Rudzi rwekapu yehowa yakatsanangurwa inogona kuva grey-girini, brownish-grey, grey-bluish, brown kana ash grey. Micheto yevhavha inowanzopinza, uye mukunyorova kwepamusoro inova mitsetse.

Kureba kwechidzitiro chefungus kunosiyana kubva ku3 kusvika ku5 (dzimwe nguva 10) cm, uye muhupamhi inowanzobva ku 0.3 kusvika 1 cm. Iyo inowanzo cylindrical muchimiro, yakareba fibrous, uye inogona kunge yakakora zvishoma padyo nechigadziko. Chimiro chegumbo chakaenzana, chete apo neapo chakakombama, chine nyama isina kusimba. Muvara - chena, ine nzvimbo inopenya, mune imwe miviri yezvibereko inogona kunge ine grey, muorivhi, bluish kana greenish tint. Pamitumbi yekare yemichero, mavara ebhuruu kana grey-girinhi anowanzoonekwa. Iwo mavanga akafanana anoonekwa nekumanikidza kwakasimba pahowa pulp.

Mushroom hymenophore - lamellar, ine mahwendefa maduku, anowanzorongwa, ayo anotanga kuva nekrimu kana ruvara ruchena. Mature spores anoita pinki kana pink-brown. Iwo akafara ellipsoidal muchimiro uye akatsetseka mukugadzirwa.

Grebe mwaka uye pekugara

Active fruiting yewillow slugs inowira panguva kubva munaJune kusvika Gumiguru (uye kana yakura mumamiriro ekunze anodziya, fungus inobereka michero kubva pakutanga kwechirimo kusvika mukupera kwematsutso). Mhando yehowa yakatsanangurwa inokura zvakanyanya mumasango akavhenganiswa uye anodonha, inofarira nzvimbo dzine hunyoro uye ndeyeboka remasaprotrophs. Kazhinji inowanikwa mune yega fomu. Kashoma willow lashes inogona kuonekwa mumapoka maduku (miviri yakawanda ye fruiting mumutsara). Iyo fungus inokura pamashizha akawa emiti, pedyo nemidzi, willow, alder, birch, beech, linden uye poplar. Dzimwe nguva willow whip inogonawo kuonekwa pamatanda emiti ye coniferous (kusanganisira mapaini kana spruces). Zvikwapuro zvewillow zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muEurope, North America, Asia neNorth Africa. Iwe unogonawo kuona rudzi urwu rwehowa muCaucasus, Eastern Siberia, Kazakhstan, Nyika Yedu (chikamu cheEurope), kuFar East.

Edibility

Willow whip (Pluteus salicinus) ndeyehowa hunodyiwa, asi hushoma hwahwo, husina simba, kuravira kusinganzwisisike uye kushomeka kwekuwanikwa kunoita kuti zvisakwanise kuunganidza mhando iyi nekuishandisa pakudya.

Mhando dzakafanana uye kusiyana kubva kwavari

The ecology uye morphological features of the willow spear inobvumira kunyange munhu asina ruzivo rwekunhonga howa kusiyanisa rudzi urwu kubva kune humwe howa hweiyo yakatsanangurwa genus. Mavara makuru ane bluish kana greenish-grey anooneka zvakajeka pagumbo rayo. Mumiviri yakakura inobereka michero, ruvara runowana bluish kana greenish tint. Asi zviratidzo izvi zvose zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kutaurwa, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekukura kwemitumbi ye fruiting yewillow whisky. Ichokwadi, dzimwe nguva zviduku zviduku zvemhembwe spit, iyo ine ruvara rwakajeka, inosanganiswa nefungus iyi. Pasi pekuongorora kwemicroscopic, zvese zvienzaniso zvinogona kusiyaniswa zviri nyore kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Deer spit, yakafanana nemhando yakatsanangurwa, haina mabheji pane mycelium. Mukuwedzera, willow spittles yakasiyana kubva kune deer spittles mukukwanisa kwekuonekwa kwemavara kuchinja, pamwe chete nemumvuri wakasviba we cap.

Mamwe ruzivo nezve howa

Zita rinowanzozivikanwa rehowa - Pluteus rinobva pashoko rechiLatini, rakashandurwa sezvariri se "kukomba nhovo". Izwi rekuwedzera epithet salicinus rinobva pashoko rechiLatin, uye mukushandura zvinoreva "willow".