Munogara muine makakatanwa uye hauzive kuti ungaramba sei. Kana kunyara zvakanyanya. Mumwe anovimba naye. Kana kuti zvimwe unonetseka pamusoro pokunyanyofara kwomwana anoramba kuenda kuchikoro. Nzira yeAdlerian inobatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kuora mwoyo uye kusagadzikana kwekuzvidya mwoyo. Nei achinakidza? Kutanga, kuva netariro.
Ndiani anosarudza zvichange zvakaita upenyu hwedu? Isu pachedu chete! anopindura nzira yeAdlerian. Muvambi waro, weAustria psychologist Alfred Adler (1870-1937), akataura nezve chokwadi chekuti munhu wese ane mararamiro akasiyana ayo anofurirwa kwete zvakanyanya nemhuri, nharaunda, hunhu hwekuzvarwa, asi ne "simba redu rekusika remahara." Izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu wese anoshandura, anodudzira zvinoitika kwaari - ndiko kuti, anonyatso kusika hupenyu hwake. Uye pakupedzisira, hachisi chiitiko chacho pachacho chinowana chirevo, asi chirevo chatinonamatira kwachiri. Maitiro ehupenyu anokura nekukurumidza, nezera re6-8 makore.
(Usa) fantasize nezvazvo
“Vana vacherekedzi vakaisvonaka, asi vaturikiri vakashata,” akadaro muongorori wendangariro wokuAmerica Rudolph D. Dreikurs, uyo akatanga mirangariro yaAdler pakati pezana ramakore rapfuura. Izvi zvinoratidzika kuva bviro yezvinetso zvedu. Mwana anonyatsocherechedza zviri kuitika kumativi ose, asi haaiti nguva dzose mhedziso dzakarurama.
“Vapukunyuka kurambana kwevabereki vavo, kunyange vana vomumhuri imwe chete vanogona kusvika pamhedziso dzakasiana chose chose,” anotsanangura kudaro nyanzvi yendangariro Marina Chibisova. — Mwana mumwe ndiye achasarudza: hapana chekundida, uye ndine mhosva yekuti vabereki vangu vakarambana. Mumwe anozoona: Hukama dzimwe nguva hunopera, uye zvakanaka kwete mhosva yangu. Uye wechitatu achagumisa kuti: Unofanira kurwa uye kuita kuti vagare vachiverenga neni uye varege kundisiya. Uye munhu wese anoenderera mberi muhupenyu nekutenda kwake.
Kune pesvedzero dzakawanda dzakawanda kupfuura mashoko omunhu oga, kunyange akasimba, anotaurwa nevabereki.
Kumwe kuisa kunovaka chaizvo. “Mumwe wevadzidzi vangu akataura kuti muuduku hwake akasvika kumhedziso: “Ndakanaka, uye munhu wose anondiyemura,” nyanzvi yendangariro inopfuurira. Akazviwanepi? Chikonzero chacho hachisi chokuti baba vane rudo kana kuti mutorwa vakamuudza nezvazvo. Mutoo weAdlerian unoramba batano yakananga pakati pezvinotaurwa nokuita vabereki nezvisarudzo zvinoitwa nemwana. Uye nokudaro zvinorerutsira vabereki pamutoro wakakura womutoro womunhu oga nokuda kwezvinetso zvendangariro zvomwana.
Kune pesvedzero dzakawanda dzakawanda kupfuura mashoko omunhu oga, kunyange akasimba, anotaurwa nevabereki. Asi apo mafungiro anova chipingamupinyi, usakubvumira kuti ubudirire kugadzirisa matambudziko ehupenyu, pane chikonzero chekutendeukira kune chiremba wepfungwa.
Rangarira zvese
Basa rega rega nemutengi munzira yeAdlerian rinotanga nekuongorora mararamiro uye kutsvaga zvitendero zvisiri izvo. "Mushure mekuona zvakazara nezvavo, chiremba wepfungwa anopa mutengi dudziro yake, achiratidza magadzirirwo echitendero ichi uye chii chingaitwa nezvazvo," anotsanangura kudaro Marina Chibisova. - Semuenzaniso, mutengi wangu Victoria anogara achitarisira zvakaipisisa. Anofanira kufanoona chero chinhu chiduku, uye kana akazvibvumira kuzorora, ipapo chimwe chinhu muupenyu chichavhiringidzika.
Kuti tiongorore mararamiro ehupenyu, tinotendeukira kundangariro dzepakutanga. Saka, Victoria akayeuka kuti akanga achizununguka sei pakuzununguka pazuva rokutanga rezororo rechikoro. Akafara uye akaronga zvakawanda zvevhiki iyi. Akabva adonha, ndokutyoka ruoko ndokupedza mwedzi wose ari mujecha. Iyi ndangariro yakandibatsira kuziva chimiro chendangariro chokuti aizo“wa” zvirokwazvo kana akazvibvumira amene kutsauswa ndokunakidzwa amene.”
Kuti unzwisise kuti mufananidzo wako wenyika haisi yechokwadi chinangwa, uye mhedziso yako yemwana, iyo ine imwe nzira, inogona kuoma. Kune vamwe, 5-10 misangano yakakwana, asi vamwe vanoda mwedzi mitanhatu kana kupfuura, zvichienderana nekudzika kwedambudziko, kuoma kwenhoroondo uye kuchinja kunoda.
Zvibate
Mudanho rinotevera, mutengi anodzidza kuzvicherechedza. VaAdlerian vane izwi — «kuzvibata iwe» (kuzvibata iwe). Basa nderekuona nguva iyo kutenda kusina kururama kunovhiringidza zviito zvako. Somuenzaniso, Victoria akacherechedza mamiriro ezvinhu apo paiva nemanzwiro ekuti "aizodonha" zvakare. Pamwe chete nemurapi, akazviongorora uye akasvika kune imwe mhedziso yake: kazhinji, zviitiko zvinogona kukura nenzira dzakasiyana, uye hazvidiwi kudonha kubva pakuzununguka, kazhinji anokwanisa kusimuka akadzikama uye kuenderera mberi.
Saka mutengi anotsoropodza mhedziso dzevana uye anosarudza kududzira kwakasiyana, kune vanhu vakuru. Uye wozodzidza kuita zvinoenderana nazvo. Somuenzaniso, Victoria akadzidza kuzorora uye kugovera imwe mari kuti azvishandise pachake nekunakidzwa, asingatyi kuti "achabhururuka nokuda kwayo."
"Achiona kuti kune zvakawanda zvingaita maitiro kwaari, mutengi anodzidza kuita zvinobudirira," anopedzisa Marina Chibisova.
Pakati pekuwedzera uye minus
Kubva pakuona kwaAdler, hwaro hwemafambiro evanhu nguva dzose chinangwa chakati chinogadzirisa kufamba kwayo muupenyu. Ichi chinangwa "chenhema", ndiko kuti, kubva kwete pane zvakajairika, asi pamanzwiro, "pachedu" pfungwa: somuenzaniso, munhu anofanira kugara achiedza kuva akanakisisa. Uye pano tinorangarira pfungwa iyo dzidziso yaAdler inonyanya kubatanidzwa nayo - kunzwa kwekuderera.
Chiitiko chekuderera hunhu hweumwe neumwe wedu, Adler akatenda. Wese munhu akatarisana nenyaya yekuti havazive sei / havana chimwe chinhu, kana kuti vamwe vanoita chimwe chinhu chiri nani. Kubva pakunzwa uku kunoberekwa chido chokukunda uye kubudirira. Mubvunzo ndewekuti chii chaizvo chatinoona sekuderera kwedu, seminus, uye kupi, kune chii plus chatichafamba? Ndiyo huru vector yekufamba kwedu iyo inodzika mararamiro.
Muchokwadi, iyi ndiyo mhinduro yedu kumubvunzo: chii chandinofanira kuedza? Chii chichandipa pfungwa yeperero yakakwana, zvinoreva? Kuwedzera kumwe - kuve nechokwadi kuti hauonekwe. Kune vamwe, kuravira kwekukunda. Kwechitatu - kunzwa kwekutonga kwakakwana. Asi izvo zvinoonekwa sekuwedzera hazvisi nguva dzose zvinobatsira muhupenyu. Nzira yeAdlerian inobatsira kuwana rusununguko rukuru rwekufamba.
Dzidza zvimwe
Iwe unogona kujairana nemafungiro eAdlerian psychology pane chimwe chezvikoro zvinorongwa gore negore neThe International Committee of Adler Summer Schools and Institutes (ICASSI). Inotevera, 53rd Year Summer School ichaitwa muMinsk muna Chikunguru 2020. Verenga zvakawanda pa .