1. Mvura zhinji inoshandiswa nevanhu ndeyekurima
Zvekurima zvinoshandisa huwandu hwakakosha hwemvura yakachena yepasirese - inoverengera ingangoita makumi manomwe muzana ezvese zvekubviswa kwemvura. Huwandu uhu hunogona kukwira kusvika pachikamu che70% munyika dzakaita sePakistan uko kurimwa kwakanyanya. Kunze kwekunge kuyedza kwakakosha kunoitwa kuderedza kuraswa kwechikafu uye kuwedzera goho remvura yekurima, kudiwa kwemvura muchikamu chekurima kunotarisirwa kuramba kuchiwedzera mumakore anotevera.
Kurimwa kwechikafu chezvipfuyo kunoisa pangozi nharaunda dzepasi rose, idzo dziri panjodzi yekuparara uye kusvibiswa. Makomo enzizi nemadziva ari kuona maruva ealgae asingafadzi nharaunda anokonzerwa nekushandiswa kuri kuita fetereza. Kuungana kwealgae kune chepfu kunouraya hove uye kusvibisa mvura yekunwa.
Madziva makuru uye nzizi deltas dzaderera zvakanyanya mushure memakumi emakore ekubviswa kwemvura. Akakosha wetland ecosystem ari kuoma. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hafu yematoro enyika yakatokanganiswa, uye mwero wokurasikirwa wakawedzera mumakumi emakore achangopfuura.
2. Kugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunosanganisira kupindura kuchinja kwekugoverwa kwemvura uye kunaka kwayo
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisa kuwanikwa uye kunaka kwezviwanikwa zvemvura. Sezvo tembiricha yepasi rose ichikwira, mamiriro ekunze akanyanya uye asina kujairika akadai semafashamu nekusanaya kwemvura zvawanda. Chimwe chikonzero ndechokuti mhepo inodziya inobata unyoro hwakawanda. Kunaya kwemvura pari zvino kunotarisirwa kuramba kuchienderera mberi, izvo zvoita kuti matunhu asina mvura ave nekuoma nekunyorova.
Hunhu hwemvura huri kuchinjawo. Tembiricha yepamusoro yemvura munzizi nemumadziva inoderedza huwandu hweokisijeni yakanyungudika uye inoita kuti nzvimbo igare ine njodzi kuhove. Mvura inodziya zvakare yakanyanya kukodzera mamiriro ekukura kwealgae inokuvadza, iyo ine chepfu kune zvipenyu zvemumvura uye vanhu.
Masisitimu ekugadzira anounganidza, kuchengeta, kufamba uye kubata mvura haana kugadzirwa kuti agadzirise shanduko idzi. Kuchinjira kumamiriro ekunze ari kushanduka kunoreva kuisa mari muzvivakwa zvemvura zvakatsiga, kubva kumadhiraini emumaguta kuenda kukuchengetedza mvura.
3. Mvura iri kuramba ichikonzera kukakavara
Kubva kumakakatanwa kuMiddle East kusvika kukuratidzira muAfrica neAsia, mvura inoita basa rinowedzera mukusagadzikana kwevanhu pamwe nekurwa kwepfuti. Kazhinji kazhinji, nyika nematunhu zvinokanganisa kugadzirisa kusawirirana kwakaoma mumunda wekutonga kwemvura. Chibvumirano cheIndus Waters Treaty, chinokamura nzizi dzeRwizi rweIndus pakati peIndia nePakistan, mumwe muenzaniso wakatanhamara wave uripo kweanoda kusvika makumi matanhatu emakore.
Asi idzi tsika dzechinyakare dzekubatana dziri kuramba dzichiyedzwa nehunhu husingafungidzirwe hwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kukura kwevanhu uye kusawirirana kwenyika. Kuchinja-chinja kwakapararira mumigove yemvura yemwaka - iyo nyaya inowanzo furatirwa kusvika dambudziko rabuda - rinotyisidzira kugadzikana kwedunhu, kwenzvimbo uye kwepasirese nekukanganisa kugadzirwa kwekurima, kutama uye kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu.
4. Mabhiriyoni evanhu anonyimwa mvura yakachena uye isingadhuri uye mabasa ehutsanana
, vanhu vanenge mabhiriyoni 2,1 havawani mvura yokunwa yakachena, uye vanhu vanopfuura mabhiriyoni 4,5 havana pombi dzetsvina. Gore negore, mamiriyoni evanhu anorwara uye anofa nemanyoka nezvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemvura.
Zvizhinji zvinosvibisa zvinonyunguduka zviri nyore mumvura, uye matsime emvura, nzizi, uye mvura yemupombi inogona kutakura zviratidzo zvekemikari nemabhakitiriya zvezvakatipoteredza — zvinotungamira kubva papombi, zvinonyungudutsa mumaindasitiri kubva muzvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, mercury kubva mumigodhi yegoridhe isina kunyoreswa, mavhairasi kubva mumarara emhuka, uyewo nitrate uye mishonga yezvipembenene kubva muminda yekurima.
5. Mvura yepasi pevhu ndiyo manyuko makuru emvura yakachena pasi rose
Huwandu hwemvura iri mumigero yemvura, inonziwo mvura yepasi, inopeta nekanopfuura ka25 kuwanda kwemvura iri munzizi nemadziva epasi rose.
Vanhu vanoda kusvika mabhiriyoni maviri vanovimba nemvura yepasi senzvimbo yavo huru yemvura yekunwa, uye inenge hafu yemvura inoshandiswa kudiridza zvirimwa inobva pasi pevhu.
Pasinei neizvi, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa nezvemhando uye huwandu hwemvura yepasi iripo. Kusaziva uku muzviitiko zvakawanda kunotungamirira kukushandiswa zvakanyanyisa, uye matsime akawanda munyika dzinobudisa zviyo zvakakura zvegorosi uye zviyo zviri kupera. Vakuru veIndia, semuenzaniso, vanoti nyika yakatarisana nedambudziko rakaipisisa remvura, muchikamu chikuru nekuda kwekuderera kwemvura yakadzika mazana emamita pasi pevhu.