Shamwari! Nhasi tinokuunzira kutarisa kune hutano hwekudya kwevachenjeri vechiJudha. Iyi mitemo ye "kosher nutrition" yakanyorwa kare kare Kristu asati aberekwa, asi chokwadi chavo uye kufunga kwavo zvakaoma kuramba kunyange nesayenzi yemazuva ano.
Mubhuku rechitendero, iro rinosanganisirwa muTorah, mune aya mazwi:
Iyi ndiyo dzidziso yemombe, neyeshiri, neyezvipenyu zvose zvinokambaira mumvura, nezvisikwa zvose zvinokambaira panyika. kuti vatsaure pakati pezvisina kunaka nezvakanaka, pakati pemhuka ingadyiwa nemhuka isingadyiwi.”— 11:46, 47 .
Aya mashoko anopfupikisa mitemo yemarudzi emhuka idzo vaJudha vangadya kana kuti dzavasingafaniri kudya.
Pamhuka dzinogara panyika, maererano neTorah, mhuka chete dzine mahwanda akaparadzana dzinobvumirwa kudya. Iva nechokwadi chekutevedzera zvose zviri zviviri!
Mhuka ine mahwanda akaparadzana asi isiri kosher (kwete ruminant) inguruve.
Mhuka dzinobvumirwa kudya dzakanyorwa mubhuku "Dvarim". Maererano neTorah, kune marudzi gumi chete emhuka dzakadaro: marudzi matatu ezvipfuwo - mbudzi, gwai, mhou, uye marudzi manomwe emhuka dzesango - mhembwe, nondo, uye dzimwe.
Saka, maererano neTorah, mhuka dzesango chete dzinobvumirwa kudyiwa, uye chero zvikara (tiger, bere, mhumhi, nezvimwewo) zvinorambidzwa!
MuTalmud (Chulin, 59a) mune tsika yemuromo, inoti: kana ukawana mhuka isingazivikanwe kusvika zvino ine mahwanda akaparadzana uye haugone kuziva kuti inodya here kana kuti kwete, unogona kuidya zvakachengeteka chete kana isiri yayo. kumhuri yenguruve. Musiki wenyika anoziva kuti marudzi mangani aakasika uye kuti ndeapi. Murenje reSinai, Akazivisa, kuburikidza naMosesi, kuti kunongova nemhuka imwe chete isingadyi ine mahwanda akaparadzana, nguruve. Iwe haugone kuidya! Ndinoda kuziva kuti kusvika ikozvino hapana mhuka dzakadaro dzakawanikwa muzvisikwa.
Chokwadi pachine nguva. Zvakaratidzwa nemasayendisiti!
Mosesi, sezvaanozivikanwa, haana kuvhima ( Sifra, 11: 4) uye aisagona kuziva marudzi ose emhuka dzepanyika. Asi Torah yakapiwa murenje reSinai, kuMiddle East, makore anopfuura zviuru zvitatu zvapfuura. Mhuka dzeAsia, Europe, America neAustralia dzakanga dzisati dzanyatsozivikanwa nevanhu. Talmud ine chikamu chakanyanya here? Ko kana mhuka yakadaro yaigona kuwanikwa?
Muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, muongorori ane mukurumbira uye mufambi Koch, nemirairo yehurumende yeBritish (hurumende nesainzi kubva kunyika dzakawanda vaifarira zvirevo zveTorah, izvo zvinogona kusimbiswa), vakaita ongororo pamusoro pekuvepo kweinenge. mhando yemhuka imwe paNyika ine chimwe chezviratidzo zvekosher, setsuro kana ngamera inodzeya, kana senguruve ine mahwanda akaparadzana. Asi munzveri haana kukwanisa kuwedzera ndaza yakapiwa muTorah. Mhuka dzakadaro haana kuwana. Asi Mosesi akanga asingagoniwo kuongorora Nyika yose! Sezvavanoda kutora mashoko mubhuku rinonzi “Sifra”: “Vanoti Torah haibvi kuna Mwari ngavafunge nezvazvo.”
Mumwe muenzaniso unofadza. Mumwe musayendisiti wokuMiddle East, Dr. Menahem Dor, aziva nezvemashoko evachenjeri okuti “Panyika, mhuka ipi neipi ine nyanga dzine matavi inodya uye ine mahwanda akaparadzana,” akaratidza kusava nechokwadi: zvakaoma kudavira kuti kune kubatana kwenyanga, kutsenga “chewing gum” nemahwanda . Uye, ari musayendisiti chaiye, akaongorora rondedzero yemhuka dzose dzinozivikanwa dzine nyanga uye akava nechokwadi chokuti mhuka dzose dzinotyisa dzine nyanga dzine matavi dzine mahwanda akatsemuka (M. Dor, No. 14 yemagazini yeLadaat, p. 7).
Pakati pezvinhu zvipenyu zvose zvinogara mumvura, maererano neTorah, unogona kudya hove chete, iyo ine makwande uye zvimbi. Kuwedzera kuti: Hove dzakakanyiwa dzinogara dziine zvimbi. Saka kana pane mazero pachidimbu chehove pamberi pako, uye zvimbi zvisingaoneki, saka iwe unogona kubika zvakachengeteka uye kudya hove. Ndinofunga chirevo chehungwaru! Zvinozivikanwa kuti hadzisi hove dzose dzine makwande. Uye kuti kuvapo kwezviyero kwakabatana sei nemafins, masayendisiti haasati anzwisisa.
Zvinonzi muTorah uye nezveshiri - mumabhuku "Vayikra" (Shmini, 11: 13-19) uye "Dvarim" (Re, 14: 12-18) mhuka dzakarambidzwa dzakanyorwa, dzakaratidza kuva shoma pane. kubvumidzwa. Pakazara, makumi maviri nemana marudzi anorambidzwa ishiri dzinodya: eagle owl, gondo, etc. Goose, dhadha, huku, turkey uye njiva zvinowanzobvumirwa "kosher".
Zvinorambidzwa kudya zvipembenene, zviduku uye zvinokambaira mhuka (turtle, mouse, hedgehog, ant, etc.).
How akunoita
Mune rimwe pepanhau reIsrael remutauro weRussia, chinyorwa chakabudiswa - "Recipe yechiJudha yechirwere chemoyo." Nyaya yacho yakatanga nesumo inoti: “… chiremba wemwoyo ane mukurumbira wokuRussia VS Nikitsky anotenda kuti ndiko kuchengetwa kwakasimba kwekashrut (mitemo yetsika inosarudza kuteererwa kwechimwe chinhu nezvinodiwa noMutemo wechiJudha. yezvinyorwa zvechitendero zvine chekuita nechikafu) izvo zvinogona kuderedza huwandu hwekurwadziwa kwemoyo uye kuwedzera kupona mushure mazvo. Ndiri muIsrael, mumwe chiremba wemwoyo anoti: “Pandakanzi ... Asi chirwere chemoyo ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekufa kwevarume vane makore makumi mana kusvika makumi matanhatu emakore ...
Mukati metsinga, ropa rinotakura mafuta uye calcareous zvinhu, izvo zvinozogara pamadziro.
Muhuduku, masero emagetsi anogara achivandudzwa, asi nezera rinowedzera kuoma kwavari kuti vabvise mafuta akawandisa uye nzira ye "blockage" ye arteri inotanga. Nhengo nhatu dzinonyanya kukanganiswa neizvi - moyo, uropi uye chiropa ...
... cholesterol chikamu chesero membrane, uye, saka, inodiwa kumuviri. Mubvunzo chete ndewekuti, muhuwandu hupi? Zvinoita sekuti chikafu chechiJudha chinokutendera kuti uchengetedze chiyero ichi ... Sezvineiwo, inguruve nesturgeon, izvo zvinorambidzwa sezvisiri-kosher, izvo chaizvo "cholesterol zvitoro". Iyo inozivikanwawo kuti kusanganisa nyama uye mukaka kunotungamirira kukuwedzera kwakanyanya muropa cholesterol - somuenzaniso, kudya chimedu chechingwa nesoseji uye mushure memaawa mashomanana chimedu chechingwa nebhotela chinowedzera hutano pane kuparadzira chingwa zvakafanana. huwandu hwebhota uye kuisa huwandu hwakafanana pairi. chidimbu chesoseji, sekuda kuita maSlav. Mukuwedzera, isu tinowanzo fry nyama mubhota ... Chokwadi chokuti kashrut inorayira nyama yakakangwa chete pamoto, mugrill kana mumafuta emiriwo inzira inobatsira yekudzivirira kurwisa kwemoyo, uyezve, inopesana zvachose kune vanhu vane mwoyo. kurwisa kudya nyama yakakangwa uye kusanganisa nyama nemukaka ... "
Mitemo yekuuraya mhuka kuti idye
Shechita - nzira yekuuraya mhuka, inotsanangurwa muTorah, yakashandiswa kwemakore anopfuura zviuru zvitatu. Kubvira kare, basa iri rave richironzeswa kumunhu akadzidza zvikuru, anotya Mwari.
Banga rakagadzirirwa shechita rinonyatsotariswa, rinofanira kurodzwa kuitira kuti pasave nechidimbu chiduku pane blade, uye inofanira kuva kaviri kureba kwehupamhi hwemutsipa wemhuka. Basa racho nderokucheka pakarepo kupfuura hafu yemutsipa. Izvi zvinocheka tsinga netsinga dzinoenda kuuropi. Mhuka yacho inobva yangorasa njere isinganzwi kurwadziwa.
Petersburg muna 1893, basa resayenzi "Anatomical uye physiological nheyo dzenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuuraya zvipfuwo" rakabudiswa naDoctor of Medicine I. Dembo, uyo akazvipira makore matatu kuti adzidze nzira dzose dzinozivikanwa dzekuuraya zvipfuwo. Akavarangarira mumativi maviri: kurwadzisa kwavo mhuka uye kuti nyama yacho inotora nguva yakareba sei pashure pokunge yachekwa.
Kuongorora nzira iyo musana wemusana wakakuvadzwa, uye dzimwe nzira, munyori anosvika pakugumisa kuti zvose zvinorwadza zvikuru kumhuka. Asi aongorora udzame hwose hwemitemo yeshechita, Dr. Dembo akagumisa kuti pamitoo yose inozivikanwa yokuuraya zvipfuwo, yechiJudha ndiyo yakanakisisa. Hazvina kurwadza kumhuka uye zvakanyanya kubatsira vanhu, nekuti. shechita inobvisa ropa rakawanda kubva pachitunha, iyo inobatsira kuchengetedza nyama kubva pakuparara.
Pamusangano weSt. Petersburg Medical Society muna 1892, vose vaivapo vakabvumirana nemhedziso dzaDr. uye vakaombera maoko pashure pemushumo wacho.
Asi izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti ndifunge – maJuda aiita mitemo yeshechita, isingabvi pane chero tsvakiridzo yesainzi, nekuti zviuru zvitatu zvemakore zvakapfuura vaisagona kuziva chokwadi chesainzi chinozivikanwa nhasi. MaJuda vakagamuchira mitemo iyi yakatogadzirwa. Kubva kunaani? Kubva kuna Iye anoziva zvose.
Iyo Yemweya Mamiriro eKudya Kosher Chikafu
VaJudha, chokwadika, vanochengeta mitemo yeTorah kwete nokuda kwezvikonzero zvine musoro, asi nokuda kwezvorudzidziso. Torah inoda kuteedzera zvachose mitemo yekashrut. Tafura yekosher inofananidzira atari (yakagoverwa, sekutaura kunoita Talmud, kuti muimba ino vanoziva kugovera zvokudya nevaya vanoshayiwa).
Inoti ( 11:42-44 ): “… usazvidya, nekuti zvinonyangadza. Musasvibisa mweya yenyu nemarudzi ose emhuka dzinokambaira… Nokuti ndini Jehovha Mwari wenyu; ndini ndinozviita mutsvene, muve mutsvene, nokuti ndiri mutsvene…”.
Sezvingabvira, Musiki womunhu namasikirwo, araira vanhu vake, kuti: “Ivai vatsvene,” akarambidza vaJudha kudya ropa, mafuta enguruve namamwe marudzi emhuka, sezvo ichi chikafu chinoderedza kukomba kwomunhu kurutivi rwakajeka rwoupenyu ndokuvabvisa muropa. it.
Pane hukama pakati pezvatinodya uye zvatiri, hunhu hwedu uye psyche. Semuenzaniso, masayendisiti akawana zvakadyiwa nevashandi vemisasa yevasungwa yeGermany, kunyanya pork black pudding.
Tinoziva kuti doro rinodhakisa munhu nekukurumidza. Uye kune zvinhu zvine chiito chinononoka, chisiri pachena, asi chine ngozi shoma. Muongorori weTorah Rambam anonyora kuti chikafu chisiri chekosher chinokuvadza mweya, mweya wemunhu uye chinoita kuti mwoyo uome uye uve nehutsinye.
Vachenjeri vechiJudha vanotenda kuti kuchengetwa kwekashrut hakusi kungosimbisa muviri uye kukwidziridza mweya, asi chinhu chinodiwa chekuchengetedza humwe uye mavambo evanhu vechiJudha.
Pano, shamwari dzinodikanwa, ndiwo maonero evachenjeri vechiJudha pakudya kunovaka muviri. Asi vaJudha zvechokwadi havagoni kunzi mapenzi! 😉
Iva nehutano! Kunobva: http://toldot.ru