Alexithymia chirwere chekugadzirisa manzwiro, chinowanzoonekwa muzvirwere zvepfungwa. Inozviratidza mukuoma kukuru mukuziva uye kutsanangura manzwiro ake neavamwe. Alexithymia inobatanidzwawo mumatambudziko akasiyana-siyana epfungwa, zvakadai sekuora mwoyo uye schizophrenia. Chirwere ichi chinobata inenge 10% yevanhu vose.

Tsanangudzo ye alexithymia

Alexithymia chirwere chekugadzirisa manzwiro, chinowanzoonekwa muzvirwere zvepfungwa. Inozviratidza mukuoma kukuru mukuziva uye kutsanangura manzwiro ake neavamwe.

Alexithymia inogona kupfupikiswa mune ina huru kuratidzwa:

• Kusakwanisa kutaura manzwiro kana manzwiro;
• Kuganhurirwa kwehupenyu hwekufungidzira;
• Tsika yekuita chiito kudzivirira nekugadzirisa kusawirirana;
• Tsanangudzo yakadzama yechokwadi, zviitiko, zviratidzo zvemuviri.

Izwi rekuti alexithymia is a neologism - a = kusavapo, lexis = izwi, thymos = manzwiro, manzwiro, manzwiro, manzwiro - akaumbwa nachiremba wepfungwa Sifneos muna 1973 kutsanangura vanhu vasingakwanise kutaura manzwiro avo kana kuti vane fungidziro shoma. : “Upenyu hwekufungidzira husina kunaka hunoguma nemafungiro anobatsira, katsika kekushandisa chiito kudzivirira kukakavara nemamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa, ganhuriro yakatanhamara mukutaura kwemirangariro uye zvikurukuru kuomerwa mukuwana mashoko okutsanangura manzwiro ake. “

Types d'alexithymies

Mhando mbiri dzealexithymia dzinogona kusiyaniswa:

• State alexithymia ine chikonzero chaicho uye inowanzova mamiriro echinguvana. Post-traumatic stress disorder, inokonzerwa nechiitiko chinotyisa, muenzaniso unozivikanwa kuti unotanga rudzi urwu rwe alexithymia.
• Character alexithymia inoonekwa sechimiro chemukati chehunhu hwemunhu. Inogona kunge iri yekutanga kana yechipiri - zvichikonzerwa nezviitiko zvinoitika muhudiki hwemunhu, sekuregeredzwa kana mhirizhonga.

Alexithymia inonzwisiswawo kuva nezvikamu zviviri:

• Chikamu chekuziva apo vanhu vanogona kutarisana nematambudziko nekufunga uye manzwiro apo vachiedza kutumidza, kunzwisisa uye kutaura pamusoro pemanzwiro avo;
• Chinhu chemanzwiro apo vanhu vanogona kunetseka kugovera, kupindura uye kunzwa manzwiro avo.

Zvinokonzera de l'alexithymie

Munguva yakapfuura, alexithymia yairongwa uye yakaganhurirwa kune psychosomatic kusagadzikana - kusagadzikana kunosanganisira zviratidzo zvemuviri zvemuviri asi yakagadzirwa nekuwedzerwa nepfungwa. Somuenzaniso, munhu ane hasha zvikuru, asi asingaratidzi hasha dzake, anogona kuva nomudumbu.

Zvisinei, alexithymia inobatanidzwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinetso zvepfungwa, zvakadai sekuora mwoyo uye schizophrenia. Zvakawanda zvekushomeka kwemanzwiro mune autism spectrum kusagadzikana zvinogona kukonzerwa nazvo.

Asi alexithymia inobatanidzwawo nekuchinja kwekushanda kwetsitsi dzetsitsi - chimwe chezvikamu zvitatu zve autonomic nervous system inotarisira basa rezvisceral nhengo uye otomatiki mabasa emuviri sekufema uye kurova kwemoyo. mwoyo-, immune system uye basa rehuropi.

Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanobatanidza alexithymia kune kusachengeteka kubatanidzwa kwevabereki kana zviitiko zvakashata zvehucheche.

Imwe tsvagiridzo pamusoro pealexithymia mudermatology inoratidza kuti inoratidzika kunge yakabatana nealopecia areata - kana alopecia areata, chirwere che autoimmune chinokonzera kurasikirwa kwebvudzi-, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis - rudzi rwe eczema-, ine vitiligo kana chronic urticaria.

Kuongororwa kwe alexithymia

Alexithymia haisati yazivikanwa nehurongwa hwepamutemo hwezvirwere. Asi kuongororwa kwayo kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa zviyero zvakasiyana uye zviyero.

Iyo TAS-20 - ye "Toronto Alexithymia Scale" - chimwe chezviridzwa zvinowanzoshandiswa kuongorora alexithymia mukutsvakurudza uye kliniki tsika: http://www.antidouleur59.fr/douleursquestionnairetas20.pdf.

Chikero ichi chinoumbwa nezvinhu makumi maviri, izvo zvinodzidza zviyero zvitatu:

• Kuomerwa pakuziva zvimiro zvepfungwa;
• Kuoma kutsanangura mamiriro emanzwiro kune vamwe;
• Kufunga kwekushanda.

Mhinduro dzinobva pa1 kusvika pa5 kubva mukusawirirana kuzere kusvika kuchibvumirano chakazara.

Pane zvimwe zviridzwa zvekuyera alexithymia:

• The Beth Israel Questionnaire (BIQ) kana Beth Israel Psychosomatic Questionnaire;
• Le Bermond-Vors Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ);
• Uye zvizhinji zvakare

Munguva yekuongorora, murapi anopindirana kwenguva yakati nemurwere uye ovakumbira kuti vatore mamwe ongororo uye ongororo dzepfungwa.

Vanhu vane alexithymia

Alexithymia inobata inenge 10% yevanhu vakawanda.

Imwe tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti alexithymia inonyanya kuvarume uye pakati pevanachiremba.

Zvinhu zvinobatsira alexithymia

Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinogona kukurudzira kana kuwedzera alexithymia:

• Fibromyalgia;
• The Depression;
• Matambudziko ekudya;
• Kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka;
• Kumwe kukuvara kwehuropi;
• Post-traumatic stress disorder;
• Uye zvizhinji zvakare

Kunetseka kutaurirana manzwiro

Chimiro chekutanga che alexithymia ndiko kuoma kwekukwanisa kutaura manzwiro ako kune vamwe. Iyo alexithymic haikwanisi kuratidza manzwiro ake nemashoko.

Kusakwanisa kuziva manzwiro

Vanhu vane alexithymia havakwanisi kuziva manzwiro avo uye kukwanisa kusiyanisa kubva pamanzwiro avo emuviri. Murwere anodzokorora kakawanda zviratidzo zvomuviri panzvimbo pokuedza kutaura manzwiro ake.

Hurombo hwehupenyu hwekufungidzira

Iyo alexithymics inorota zvishoma - kana kuzvirangarira zvishoma - uye kana chiroto chiripo, zvirimo hazvina kunaka, ndezvechokwadi uye ndezvechokwadi. Uyezve, kuoma kwekutaura kurota ndekwechokwadi. Kufungidzira hazviwanzo uye ndangariro dzinoita sedzakanganisika. Alexithymia inobereka kushaikwa kwefungidziro uye chimiro chekuziva chakanangana nekukurudzira uye zvekunze pesvedzero.

Pfungwa dzine pragmatic content

Mifungo yealexithymics ndeyekunze pane manzwiro emukati. Murwere anoita tsananguro yakadzama yechokwadi, zviitiko kana zviratidzo zvemuviri izvo zvakaburitsa manzwiro asi zvisingaratidzi manzwiro mavari.

Kusadudzirwa kwekunzwa kwenyama

Kusakwanisa kunyatsoziva manzwiro emuviri se somatic kuratidzwa kwemanzwiro kunogona kuita kuti vanhu vane alexithymia vakwanise kududzira zvisizvo kumutswa kwavo kwepfungwa sezviratidzo zvehurwere, zvichivatungamira kutsvaga kurapwa kwezviratidzo. iyo isina tsananguro yakajeka yezvokurapa inogona kuwanikwa.

Zvimwe zviratidzo

• Mazwi asina kunaka nemitsara yakashandiswa;
• Emotional kutaura asipo;
• Urombo hwekunzwa mukutaura;
• Yechokwadi inorondedzera dhayagiramu, isina fantasy kana chiratidzo;
• Kushaikwa kwesimba rekukurumidza;
• Kuputika kwechisimba kana kukanganisa;
• Kusava nehanya nevamwe;
• Kuoma kuziva manzwiro anoratidzwa nevamwe;
• Kuwedzera kunzwa kutaridzika, manzwi kana kubata kwemuviri.

Kune vanhu vane alexithymia, nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa inowanzoisa pfungwa pakugadzirisa hwaro hwekutumidza manzwiro uye kuonga manzwiro akasiyana-siyana. Maitiro acho achasanganisira zvese kurangarira zviitiko zvevamwe vanhu uye kuzviratidza kuburikidza:

• Kurapa kweboka;
• Bepanhau remazuva ose;
• Kugona-kwakavakirwa kurapwa;
• Kubatanidzwa mune zvekugadzira;
• Maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekuzorodza;
• Kuverenga mabhuku kana nyaya dzinofamba;
• Uye zvizhinji zvakare

Kwemakumi mana emakore apfuura, alexithymia yakakurudzira tsvakiridzo yakawanda yakajekesa zvinhu zvakawanda zvechirwere asi haisati yagadzira humbowo-hwakavakirwa marapirwo ekuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu. alexithymic vanhu. Zvakadaro, maitiro, mitauro uye neuroscientific tsvagiridzo pamusoro pealexithymia inoratidzika kunge yakafambira mberi zvekuti inogona kushandura mukurapa kunoshanda kune vanhu vane alexithymia. Mishonga iyi inogona kupihwa nenzira itsva, sezvirongwa zvepaInternet: kutaurirana pamhepo kunopa nzira yekuchengeta kuonana kwevanhu-kune-vanhu kune kushomeka, nokudaro kuderedza kudiwa kwekugovana pachena manzwiro.

Kudzidza kutaura manzwiro ako uye manzwiro kubva paudiki kunogona kubatsira kudzikisira kuitika kwealexithymia.