Areola chinzvimbo. Iyo mammary gland ndeye paired exocrine gland iri pane yepamberi uye yepamusoro nzvimbo yechipfuva. Muvanhu, inoumba isina kuvandudzwa machena machena. Mune vakadzi, zvakare haina kuvandudzwa pakuzvarwa.

Kugadzira mazamu. Kubva pakuyaruka mumadzimai, zvikamu zvakasiyana zveiyo mammary gland, kusanganisira mukaka ducts, lobes uye peripheral subcutaneous tishu, inokura kuita zamu1. Pamusoro peiyo mammary gland yakafukidzwa ne subcutaneous cell tishu uye ganda. Pamusoro uye pakati payo, brownish cylindrical protrusion mafomu uye inoita munyatso. Iri zamu rakagadzirwa ne pores ayo ari mukaka ducts anouya kubva kune akasiyana malobes e mammary gland. Iri zamu rakakomberedzwa ne brownish pigmented disc disc, ine dhayamita inosiyana kubva 1,5 kusvika 4 cm uye inoita areola (1) (2).

Areola mamiriro. Iyo areola inopa angangoita gumi madiki ekuratidzira anonzi ma tubercles eMorgagni. Aya ma tubers anoumba gland dzinodziya. Panguva yekuzvitakura nekuyamwisa, aya maronda anova mazhinji uye akawandisa. Iwo anonzi Montgoméry tubers (2).

Kusangana. Iwo areola uye munyatso, izvo zvinogadzira iyo areola-munyatso ndiro, zviri kusangana nemammary gland. Izvo zvakabatana neglandi nemidziyo yaCooper (1) (2). Muswe chete wakasendama wakasendama wakamiswa pakati peganda replani yezinyosi uye gland, inonzi tsandanyama-yenyuchi. (1) (2)

Hurefu hunoreva kudzoreredza uye mberi kuratidzira kwezamu rakakonzerwa nekudzvinyirira kwesolo-nipple mhasuru. Kupesana uku kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwekunakidzwa, kuita kutonhora, kana dzimwe nguva kungobata nyore kwepaolar-nipple plate.

Benign mazamu matambudziko. Chipfuva chingave nemamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka kana bundu rakanaka. Ma cysts ndiwo akajairika mamiriro asina kunaka. Izvo zvinoenderana nekuumbwa kwehomwe izere nefluid muzamu.

Kansa yepabonde. Mamota akaipa anogona kukura muzamu, uye kunyanya munharaunda yesolo-munyatso. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekenza yemazamu iyo yakakamurwa zvichienderana nesero ravo mavambo. Inobata nharaunda-yenyuchi, chirwere chePaget chemuzamu inzira isingawanzo yekenza yemazamu. Inokura mukati memukaka wemukaka uye inogona kutambanukira kumusoro, ichikonzera scab kuumba pane areola uye munyatso.

Kurapwa. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwakawanikwa uye nzira yechirwere, mamwe marapirwo emishonga anogona kupihwa. Ivo anowanzo gadzirirwa mukuwedzera kune imwe nzira yekurapa.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, yakanangwa kurapa. Zvichienderana nedanho uye mhando yemota, zvikamu zvechemotherapy, radiotherapy, kurapwa kwehomoni kana kunyange yakanangwa kurapwa kunogona kuitwa.

Kuvhiya kurapwa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere chakaonekwa uye kufambira mberi kwechirwere, kupindira kwekuvhiya kunogona kuitwa. Mukuvhiya kwakachengetedza, lumpectomy inogona kuitwa kubvisa chete bundu uye zvimwe zvechipfuva zvinyama. Mune mamwe mapundu epamberi, mastectomy inogona kuitwa kubvisa iro zamu rese.

Chifuva chepachifuva. Kutevera kushanduka kana kurasikirwa kweimwe kana maviri mazamu, mukati kana kunze zamu prosthesis inogona kuiswa.

• Yemukati yemazamu prosthesis. Iyi prosthesis inoenderana nekuvakazve zamu. Inoitwa nekuvhiyiwa kungave panguva ye lumpectomy kana mastectomy, kana panguva yechipiri kuvhiya.
• Kunze kwepamufu yekumusoro. Mhando dzakasiyana dzekunze dzemazamu dzakavezwa uye hadzidi chero oparesheni yekuvhiya. Zvinogona kuve zvenguva pfupi, zvishoma kana zvechigarire.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuitira kucherechedza uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvinoonekwa nemurwere.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo Unemammography, zamu ultrasound, MRI, scintimammography, kana kunyangwe galactography inogona kuitirwa kuongorora kana kusimbisa chirwere.

Biopsy. Iine muyenzaniso wemuviri, chipfuva chipfuva chinogona kuitwa.

Arturo Marcacci wezana nezana ramakumi maviri wezana wezana rezvemuviri wemuItaly uyo akapa zita rake kunhengo yemhasuru, inonziwo Marcacci mhasuru (19).