Iyo pulmonary arteri inoita basa rakakosha: inotakura ropa kubva kurudyi ventricle yemoyo kuenda kune yemapapu lobes, uko kune oxygenated. Kuteerana ne phlebitis, zvinoitika kuti kuvhara kweropa kunokwira kuenda kune iyi arteri uye muromo: iko kumbundira kwemapapu.

Iyo pulmonary arteri inotanga kubva kurudyi ventricle yemoyo. Inobva yakwira padhuze neaorta, uye ichisvika pazasi pechando cheaorta, inokamurwa kuita matavi maviri: kurudyi pulmonary arteri inoenda yakananga kumapapu kurudyi, uye kuruboshwe pulmonary arteri yakananga kumapapu ekuruboshwe.

Padanho reiyo hilum yemapapu ega ega, iyo pulmonary arteri zvakare inopatsanuka kuita inonzi lobar arteri:

• mumatavi matatu eiyo chaiyo pulmonary arteri;
• mumatavi maviri kuruboshwe rwe pulmonary arteri.

Aya matavi anobva apatsanurwa kuita madiki uye madiki matavi, kudzamara ave iwo ma capillaries epulmonary lobule.

Pulmonary arteri ihombe tsinga. Chikamu chekutanga cheplmonary artery, kana trunk, inoyera masendimita mashanu ne5 cm muhupamhi. Tsinga yemapurmoni yekurudyi ndeye 3,5 kusvika 5 cm kureba, ichipesana ne6 cm kune arter pulmonary arteri.

Basa repurmonary arteri kuunza ropa rakaburitswa kubva kurudyi ventricle yemoyo kuenda kumapapu. Iyi inonzi inonzi venous blood, ndiko kuti isina-oxygenated, inozogadzirwa nemweya mumapapu.

Pulmonary embolism

Yakadzika vein thrombosis (DVT) uye pulmonary embolism (PE) ndiyo miviri kiriniki kuratidzwa kwechinhu chimwe chete, venous thromboembolic chirwere (VTE).

Pulmonary embolism inoreva kuvhiringidzika kwepurmonary arteri neropa rakaumbika panguva yephlebitis kana venous thrombosis, kazhinji mumakumbo. Ichi chigadziko chinotsemuka, chinokwira kusvika pamoyo kuburikidza neropa, ndokuzodzingwa kubva kurudyi ventricle kuenda kune imwe yemapurmonary arteri ayo anopedzisira ave kutadzisa. Chikamu chemapapu ipapo hachisisina oxygen. Iro clot rinokonzeresa moyo wepombi kupomba zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuti ventricle chaiyo iwande.

Pulmonary embolism inozviratidza muzviratidzo zvakasiyana siyana kana zvishoma zvakanyanya zvichienderana nehukama hwayo: kurwadziwa pachipfuva kune rimwe divi kuri kuwedzera mukufemerwa, kunetseka kufema, dzimwe nguva kukosora ne sputum ine ropa, uye mumatambudziko akaipisisa, moyo wakadzika unobuda, arterial hypotension uye mamiriro ekuvhunduka, kunyangwe cardio-circulatory kusunga.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (kana PAH)

Chirwere chisingawanzoitika, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) inoratidzirwa nekukwirisa kwakawanda kweropa mudiki mapurmonary arteri, nekuda kwekukora kwetambo yemapurmonary arteri. Kubhadhara kudzikira kweropa kuyerera, iko chaiko ventricle yemoyo inofanira kubva yaedza imwezve simba. Kana isingachabudirire, kusagadzikana kwekufema pakuedza kunoonekwa. Padanho repamberi, murwere anogona kukundikana nemoyo.

Ichi chirwere chinogona kuitika zvishoma nezvishoma (idiopathic PAH), mumhuri mamiriro (mhuri PAH) kana kuomesa nzira yehumwe hutachiona (congenital heart disease, portal hypertension, hutachiona hweHIV).

Chirwere chetromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (HTPTEC)

Iyo isingawanzo fomu ye pulmonary hypertension, iyo inogona kuitika semhedzisiro yekusagadziriswa pulmonary embolism. Nekuda kweganda rinovhara tsinga yemapapu, kuyerera kweropa kwakadzikira, izvo zvinowedzera kuwedzerwa kweropa mutsinga. HPPTEC inoratidzirwa nezviratidzo zvakasiyana, izvo zvinogona kuoneka pakati pemwedzi mitanhatu nemakore maviri mushure memapapu embolism: kufema, kufenda, edema mumakumbo, kukosora neropa rine sputum, kuneta, kurwadziwa pachipfuva.

Kurapa kwepurmonary embolism

Iwo manejimendi epulmonary embolism anoenderana nehuremu hwayo hwekuomarara. Anticoagulant kurapwa kazhinji inokwana kunyorova pulmonary embolism. Iyo yakavakirwa pajekiseni re heparin kwemazuva gumi, kozoti kudyiwa kweakananga emuromo anticoagulants. Kana paine njodzi yekuita pulmonary embolism (kuvhunduka uye / kana kufungidzira), jekiseni re heparin rinoitwa pamwe chete ne thrombolysis (jekiseni remushonga remushonga unozopwanya chando) kana, kana iyo yekupedzisira ichirambidzwa, yekuvhiya pulmonary embolectomy, kukurumidza kudzokorora mapapu.

Kurapa kwepermonary arterial hypertension

Pasinei nekufambira mberi kwekurapa, hapana mushonga wePAH. Iko kuchengetedzwa kwakawanda kwakawanda kwakarongedzwa neimwe yemakumi maviri nemaviri emahofisi ekugona anozivikanwa ekurapa kwechirwere ichi muFrance. Iyo yakavakirwa pamarapirwo akasiyana siyana (kunyanya kuenderera mukati mutsinga), dzidzo yekurapa uye kugadzirisa mararamire.

Kurapa kwekusingaperi thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

Kuvhiya pulmonary endarterectomy inoitwa. Kupindira uku kunovavarira kubvisa iyo fibrotic thrombotic zvinhu zvichikanganisa mapurmonary arteri. Anticoagulant kurapwa inorayirwa zvakare, kazhinji kwehupenyu hwese.

Kuongororwa kwepulmonary embolism kunoenderana nekiriniki yakazara yekutarisa ichitarisa, kunyanya, kune zviratidzo zvephlebitis, zviratidzo zvinoenderana neakanyanya pulmonary embolism (yakaderera systolic BP uye inomhanyisa kurova kwemoyo). Mhando dzakasiyana dzebvunzo dzinozoitwa zvinoenderana nekiriniki kuongorora kuti kuongororwa uye kuongorora kuomarara kwepulmonary embolism kana zvichidikanwa: kuongororwa kweropa kweD-dimers (kuvapo kwavo kunoratidza kuvepo kweganda, gazi reropa reropa. CT angiography yemapapu ndiyo yegoridhe chiyero chekutarisa arterial thrombosis .. kukanganisa kushanda kwemapapu, iyo ultrasound yemakumbo ezasi kutsvaga phlebitis.

Muchiitiko chekufungidzira kwe pulmonary hypertension, chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi ultrasound chinoitirwa kuitira kusimudzira kukwira kwemapurmari arterial kumanikidza uye kumwe kusagadzikana kwemoyo. Yakabatana neDoppler, inopa kuona kweropa kutenderera. Catheterization yemoyo inogona kusimbisa kuongororwa. Inoitwa uchishandisa refu catheter yakaunzwa mutsinga uye ichienda kumusoro kumoyo uyezve kune epulmonary arteri, zvinoita kuti ikwanise kuyera kukanganiswa kweropa padanho reiyo yemoyo atria, yemapapu arterial kumanikidza uye kuyerera kweropa.

Chisingaperi pulmonary thromboembolic hypertension dzimwe nguva inonetsa kuongorora nekuda kwezviratidzo zvisingaenderane. Kuongororwa kwaro kwakavakirwa pabvunzo dzakasiyana: echocardiography kutanga ipapo pulmonary scintigraphy uye pakupedzisira kurudyi yemoyo catheterization uye pulmonary angiography.