Biofeedback inoreva maitiro akati wandei anoenderana nekuyerwa kwe organic mabasa, chinangwa chiri chekudzidza maitiro ekuadzora kuitira kuvandudza hutano hwemunhu. Mune pepa rino, iwe uchaona nzira iyi mune zvakadzama, misimboti yayo, nhoroondo yayo, akawanda mabhenefiti, maitirwo echikamu, maitiro ekudzidzira biofeedback uye pakupedzisira, chii chinopikisa.

Biofeedback (dzimwe nguva inodaidzwa kuti biofeedback kana biofeedback) iko kushandiswa kwepsychophysiology, chirango chinoongorora hukama pakati pekuita kwehuropi nemabasa emuviri. Mune mamwe mazwi, isayenzi ye "muviri-pfungwa" yekudyidzana.

Kune rumwe rutivi, psychophysiologists vanofarira nzira iyo manzwiro nemafungiro zvinokanganisa zvipenyu. Nekune rimwe divi, vari kudzidza kuti kucherechedza uye kudzoreredza nekuzvidira kwemashandiro emuviri (semuenzaniso kurova kwemwoyo) kunogona kukanganisa mamwe mabasa (semuenzaniso BP) uye maitiro akasiyana siyana nemaitiro.

Chinangwa chacho chiri nyore uye chakasimba: kupa murwere kudzora muviri wake pachake, kusanganisira mamwe anonzi mabasa aanoita, kuitira kudzivirira kana kurapa nhevedzano yezvinetso zvoutano.

Nheyo huru

Biofeedback haisi kunyatsotaura kurapwa. Asi, inyanzvi yekupindira. Inosiyana nedzimwe nzira dzekuzvitonga nekushandiswa kwemidziyo (yemagetsi kana komputa) sematurusi ekudzidza (kana kugadzirisa). Midziyo iyi inotora uye nekukudza ruzivo rwunofambiswa nemuviri (tembiricha yemuviri, kurova kwemoyo, kuita kwemhasuru, masaisai ehuropi, nezvimwewo) uye inoashandura kuita zviratidzo zvekunzwa kana zvinoonekwa. Semuenzaniso, tinodaidza neurofeedback nzira yebiofeedback inoita kuti masaisai ehuropi "aonekwe". Uye imwe inodaidza biofeedback ne electromyography (EMG) izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuona mune graphic fomu mafungu emagetsi anoperekedza kuita kwetsandanyama. Chapupu chezviratidzo izvi, murwere nokudaro anokwanisa kutsanangura mameseji emuviri wake. Nerubatsiro rwemurapi, anogona kudzidza kudzoreredza maitiro ake emuviri. Rimwe zuva kana rimwe, achakwanisa kudzokorora chiitiko ari oga, kunze kwehofisi.

Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvesainzi zvinopupurira kubatsira kwekurapa uku. Biofeedback saka inonyanya kushanda kune:

Bvisa misoro (migraines uye kushushikana kwemusoro)

Ruzhinji rwezvidzidzo zvakaburitswa zvinogumisa kuti biofeedback inoshanda mukubvisa aya marudzi emamiriro. Zvingave zvichiperekedzwa nekuzorora, zvakasanganiswa nemaitiro ekurapa kana ega, mhedzisiro yeongororo yakawanda inoratidza kushanda kwakanyanya kupfuura boka rekutonga, kana zvakaenzana nemishonga. Migumisiro yenguva refu inogutsa zvakaenzana, uye zvimwe zvidzidzo dzimwe nguva zvichienda kusvika pakuratidza kuti kuvandudzwa kunochengetwa mushure memakore mashanu kune 5% yevarwere vane migraines. Maitiro anonyanya kushandiswa ebiofeedback ndeaya anofunga kushushikana kwemhasuru (musoro, mutsipa, mapendekete), electrodermal kuita (mhinduro yedikita) kana tembiricha yeperipheral.

Kurapa weti incontinence muvakadzi

Zvinoenderana nezvidzidzo zvakati wandei, maekisesaizi ane chinangwa chekusimbisa pelvic pasi uchishandisa biofeedback inogona kubatsira kuderedza nguva yekushushikana incontinence (kurasikirwa nekuzvidira weti panguva yekurovedza muviri, semuenzaniso paunenge uchisimbisa muviri kana kukosora). Kana iri yekukurumidza incontinence (kurasikirwa nekusazvidira kweweti paunongonzwa kudikanwa kwekubuda), maekisesaizi ane chinangwa chekuwedzera dura rekuchengetedza dundira uchishandisa biofeedback zvakare inotungamira mukuderedzwa. . Zvinoenderana neimwe nzira, vakadzi vane ruzivo rushoma kana kusaziva nezve nzira chaiyo yekubatira tsandanyama dzepelvic vangabatsirika zvakanyanya kubva muhunyanzvi uhu (ona peji redu rekuti urinary incontinence).

Bata zviratidzo zvine chekuita nekuvhara muvana

Ongororo yezvinyorwa zvesainzi yakabudiswa muna 2004 yakagumisa kuti biofeedback inogona kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akawanda ekudzivirira, kunyanya muvana. Semuenzaniso, ongororo yevana 43 yakaratidza hukuru hwekurapa kwakajairika kwakabatanidzwa nebiofeedback. Mushure memwedzi ye7, kugadziriswa kwezviratidzo kwakabata 55% yevana muboka rekuedza, zvichienzaniswa ne5% yeboka rinodzora; uye mushure memwedzi gumi nemiviri, 12% uye 50% zvichiteerana. Nezvekugadziriswa kwekufamba kwetsvina, mwero wakasvika 16% uchipesana ne77% zvakateerana.

Bata chirwere chisingaperi muvanhu vakuru

Muna 2009, meta-analysis yakagumisa kuti biofeedback mukurapa kwekuvhara yakanga yakakwirira kudarika kushandiswa kwemamwe marapirwo, akadai sekutora laxative, placebo kana jekiseni re botox.

Deredza zviratidzo zveAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinoratidza kuvandudzwa kwakakosha mune zvekutanga ADHD zviratidzo (kusatarisisa, hyperactivity uye kusanzwa) uye muyedzo yehungwaru yakajairwa. Kuenzanisa kwakaitwa nemishonga inoshanda seRitalin (methylphenidate kana dextroamphetamine) inosimbisa kuenzana uye dzimwe nguva kunyange hukuru hweEEG biofeedback pamusoro pekurapa kwakajairika. Mukuwedzera, vanyori vanoratidza kuti kusanganiswa kwebiofeedback nemamwe marapirwo ekuwedzera kunogona kuvandudza kushanda kwekurapa.

Rapa incontinence yefecal

Biofeedback inoratidzika kunge yakachengeteka, isingadhuri, uye inoshanda mukurapa rudzi urwu rwedambudziko. Ongororo yezvinyorwa zvesainzi inoratidza kuti inzira yesarudzo inoshandiswa kweanopfuura makore makumi maviri munyika yekurapa. Panyaya yezvimiro zvemuviri, iyo inonyanya kutaurwa mabhenefiti ndeye rectal sensation yekuzadza pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwesimba uye kurongeka kweiyo sphincters. Zvizhinji zvezvinyorwa zvakaburitswa zvinopedzisa necontinence yakakwana kana kuderera kwe20% kusvika 75% muhuwandu hwenguva dzekusagadzikana. 

Mukuwedzera, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti biodfeedback inogona kubatsira mukuderedza kushaya hope, kuderedza zviratidzo zvine chekuita nefribromyalgia, kurapa urinary dysfunction muvana, kubatsira kudzora asima, kubvisa marwadzo, kuderedza pfari, kurapa erectile dysfunction, kuderedza marwadzo uye kusagadzikana nekuda kwe kushanda kwenguva refu pakombuta, kurapa cardiac arrhythmia kana kutobvisa marwadzo muvarwere vane kenza yepamusoro.

Biofeedback inzira inowanzova chikamu chekurapa kwakawanda, senge maitiro ekurapa kana physiotherapeutic rehabilitation. Inowanzo shandiswa mukubatana nemamwe matekiniki akadai sekuzorora uye akagadziridzwa maekisesaizi.

Nyanzvi

Chete nyanzvi mune zvehutano, psychology uye mamwe masayenzi ezvemagariro (gwara, semuenzaniso) akabata dhigirii rekuyunivhesiti kana rakafanana vanogona kuwana iyi nyanzvi.

Nzira yechikamu

Chero chero rudzi rwekurapa, chirongwa chebiofeedback chine zvishoma zvishoma: inoitika munzvimbo yakadzikama uye inozorora; dzimwe nguva mumhanzi wakapfava unoridzwa; murwere agere zvakanaka, kana akarara pasi, uye anotarisa pakunzwa kana zviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvinofambiswa nemonitor kubva kumasensa akaiswa panzvimbo dzakasimba pamiviri yavo (zvakare, zvichienderana nedunhu remuviri rinorapwa uye rudzi rwe 'mudziyo. ) Mushandi anoita semutungamiri. Inobatsira murwere kuti azive maitiro ake emuviri (kushushikana kwetsinga, tembiricha yemuviri, kurova kwemoyo, kufema, kushomeka kwetsandanyama, nezvimwewo) maererano nedata raaudzwa nemuchina. Anopa ruzivo uye kurudziro uye anobatsira murwere kushandisa hunyanzvi hwavo hutsva zuva nezuva. Muhupenyu hwake hwemazuva ose, murwere anofanira saka kukwanisa kuita muviri wake pachake, kureva kugadzirisa maitiro ake kana maitiro ake pasina rubatsiro rwemichina. Pakupera kwechikamu chebiofeedback, iwe unowanzo kunzwa zvakanyanya mukutonga kwemuviri wako. Ziva kuti biofeedback yakanangana nevanokurudzirwa uye vanotsungirira varwere. Zvechokwadi, kana chirwere chacho chasimbiswa, hazvishamisi kuti 10 kusvika ku40 zvikamu zveawa imwe iverengwe kuti ive nechokwadi chemigumisiro inogutsa, uye kunyanya migumisiro inogara.

Iva murapi muBiofeedback

MuUnited States, Biofeedback Certification Institute of America (BCIA), yakavambwa muna 1981, inotarisira muitiro webiofeedback. Sangano rakamisa seti yezviyero zvinofanirwa kutevedzerwa nenyanzvi, uye inopa akati wandei biofeedback kudzidziswa makosi muUnited States yese.

MuQuebec, hapana chikoro chinopa kudzidziswa kwakatenderwa neBCIA. MuEurope inotaura chiFrench, hunyanzvi hwacho zvakare huri padivi, kunyangwe paine boka renyika muFrance rinonzi Association pour l'Enseignement du Biofeedback Therapeutique (ona Nzvimbo dzekufarira).

Contraindications yeBiofeedback

Biofeedback haina kukurudzirwa kune vanhu vane pacemaker, vakadzi vane pamuviri uye vanhu vane pfari.

Izwi rekuti biofeedback rakagadzirwa muna 1969, asi kuyedza kwekutanga kuseri kwehunyanzvi kwakatanga makore gumi apfuura.

Munguva yekuedza vachishandisa electroencephalographs (chigadzirwa chinotora masaisai ehuropi), vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti vatori vechikamu vakakwanisa kugadzira mafungu ealpha muuropi hwavo vari voga, uye naizvozvo vanonyura mumamiriro ezvinhu pavanoda. yekuzorora kwakadzika. Nheyo yacho yaizoyedzwa, yobva yashandiswa kune mamwe mativi ephysiology yemunhu, uye tekinoroji yakatevera. Ikozvino kune akati wandei emhando dzemidziyo, imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa kuyera imwe kana imwe yemhinduro dzefiziology dzine chekuita nezvinetso nezvirwere.

Nhasi, biofeedback haisisiri kuchengetwa kwevarapi vemamwe mishonga uye nyanzvi dzepfungwa. Nyanzvi dzehutano dzinoverengeka, dzakadai sefiziotherapists, vanachipangamazano uye nyanzvi dzemishonga yemitambo vakaisa nzira iyi mukuita kwavo.