Mukati
Kubata hove yerwizi: kwainowanikwa, painobereka, chii chiri nani kubata uye nzira yekukwevera
Imwe hove isina kujairika kune ruzhinji rwevanhu veRussia, zvese mukutaridzika uye mararamiro. Iine muviri wakareba, inoyeuchidza zvishoma nezvenyoka. Zvikasadaro, ihove yakajairika, musana wemuviri wakatsetseka. Dumbu remapeti madiki rine ruvara rweyero, nepo mumhata dzakakura rine chena. Rwizi Eel ihove yeanadromous (catadrom), chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwayo inogara mumvura yakachena, uye kubereka kunoenda kugungwa. Mune izvi, zvakasiyana nehove dzakawanda dzinozivikanwa kwatiri, dzinewo mararamiro ekufambisa, asi enda kunobereka mumvura yakachena. Zviyero zvinogona kusvika 2 m kureba uye uremu kupfuura 10 kg. Asi kazhinji hove idzi iduku zvikuru. Chikara chinovandira chinoda mararamiro ehusiku. Kune zviitiko zvinozivikanwa zveeel dzinokambaira mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemvura pasi panguva yekunaya kana pauswa hwakanyorova. Munyika mune dzinenge 19 mhando dzehove dzegenus eel, dzimwe dzadzo dzinogona kuva nengozi kuvanhu (electric eel). Asi iyo eel, inowanikwa munzizi dzeEurope neRussia, haina ngozi uye inogona kuva chinhu chakanakisisa chekubata hove. Rwizi (European) eels ye genus Anguilla anguilla, zvisinei nekupararira kwayo kwakafara, ndeyemhando imwe chete. Inosanganisirwa muIUCN Red List. Munyaya yekubata hove mumadziva echisikigo anogara hove iyi, zvakakosha kujekesa mitemo yekuvaraidza hove.
Nzira dzekubata European eel
Ihove inotungamirira mararamiro e-benthic, twilight, inofarira nzvimbo dzine mvura yakadzikama. Kazhinji anogara mumadhamu. Zvinoenderana neizvi inzira dzekuredza eel. Pakubata hove, pasi akasiyana-siyana, giya rekuyangarara rinoshandiswa; dzimwe nguva vakwegura - "patsono", kana analogues e "denderedzwa" - "pabhodhoro". Imwe nzira yakatonyanya kushamisa ndeye kubata nhokwe parigi ine tambo loop yemakonye akarovererwa - kukambaira kunze uye amburera pane yekumhara mambure. Eel inonamatira uye inorembera paboka rehonye pamazino akabatwa, uye mumhepo inotorwa neamburera.
Kubata eel pagiya rezasi
Chinodiwa chikuru chekubata kubata eel kuvimbika. Misimboti yemidziyo haina kusiyana kubva kune yakajairwa pasi hove tsvimbo kana svutugadzike. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye zvishuwo zvemubati wehove, tsvimbo dzine "blank rig" kana dzakagadzirirwa reels dzinoshandiswa. Iyo eel haina kunyanya kungwarira, saka kushandiswa kwegobvu, tambo dzakasimba kunokosha kwete zvakanyanya nekuda kwekupikisa kwehove, asi nekuda kwemamiriro ekubata hove usiku uye manheru. Eel zvakare yakakura mukati mezuva, kunyanya pamakore ane makore kana kunaya. Madhongi kana "snacks" anonyatso shongedzerwa kaviri kana katatu zvikorekedzo. Mamiriro akanyanya kukosha ekubudirira eel hove ruzivo rwenzvimbo yekugara uye chikafu, pamwe neruzivo rwemaitiro ehove dzenzvimbo.
Zviredzo
Hove dzinodzidziswa kunzvimbo yekubika, asi, sezvakaitika kune dzimwe hove, izvi hazvikurudzirwi pazuva rekubata hove. Kazhinji, eel inobatwa neredzo dzemhuka. Aya ndiwo makonye akasiyana-siyana, tichifunga nezvekukara kwehove iyi, ingave inokambaira kunze kana masumbu madiki akasungirirwa musumbu. Eel inobatwa zvakakwana pane chirauro mhenyu kana zvidimbu zvehove nyama. Mazhinji eel eBaltic anofarira marambi madiki, asi panguva imwechete anobata eel pane chero hove dzemuno.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
MuRussia, kugoverwa kweEuropean eels kunosvika kuWhite Sea basin kuNorth-West, uye muBlack Sea basin ivo vanopota vachicherechedzwa pamwe chete nematunhu ose eDon River neTaganrog Bay. Eels anosimuka achitevedza Dnieper kuenda kuMogilev. Kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero eel vanhu vakapararira pamusoro pemadziva mazhinji emvura yemukati medunhu, kubva kuChudskoye kusvika kumadziva eKarelian, kusanganisira nzizi nemadziva eBelomorsky runoff. Eels aigara madhamu akawanda eCentral Russia, kubva ku Volga reservoirs kusvika kuLake Seliger. Parizvino, dzimwe nguva inosvika muMoscow River, uye yakajairika muOzerninsky neMozhaisk reservoirs.
Kubereka
Muzvisikwa, maeels anoberekera muSargas Sea reAtlantic Ocean, munzvimbo yekuita kweGulf Stream. Mushure memakore 9-12 ehupenyu munzizi nemadziva eEurope, eel inotanga kutsvedza mumakungwa uye ichienda kunzvimbo dzekuberekera. Muvara wehove unoshanduka, unova wakajeka, panguva ino kusiyana kwepabonde kunooneka. Hove dzinobereka pakadzika inosvika 400 m, dzichibereka mazai akawanda, anosvika hafu yemiriyoni kana kupfuura. Pashure pokubereka, hove dzinofa. Mushure menguva yakati, mazai akabatanidzwa anoshanduka kuva maruva akajeka - leptocephalus, iyo inotanga hupenyu hwakasununguka muzvikamu zvepamusoro zvemvura, zvino, pasi pesimba reGulf Stream inodziya, inotakurwa zvishoma nezvishoma kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara. Pashure pemakore anenge matatu, gonye rinokura kuva imwe nzira yekuvandudza - girazi regirazi. Kana ichisvika kumvura yakachena, hove zvakare metamorphoses, inowana ruvara rwayo rwemazuva ose uye yatove mune iyi fomu inopinda munzizi.