Kutyorwa kwekodzero muNyika Yedu muna 2022

Kutyorwa kweCopyright inyaya yakakomba inogona kutoendesa kumhosva. Mashandiro anoita kodzero yekodzero muNyika Yedu muna 2022 - tinozviona pamwe chete nenyanzvi

Mufananidzo wakaburitswa pasina mvumo, kukwereta rwiyo rwemumwe munhu, kuburitsa michina pasi pechiratidzo che "fake" - zvese izvi kutyorwa kwekodzero. Munyika Yedu, uye nepasirese, tsika iyi inowanikwa kwese kwese. Vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa nezve intellectual property, asi havasi vese vanoziva kuti vanotyora mutemo vanogona kutongwa nekubhadharwa. Ngatitaurei nezve nzira dzekudzivirira vane kodzero, vakuudzei nzira yekugadzirira kutyora kodzero yekuda kutyora kodzero muNyika Yedu muna 2022.

Chii chinonzi copyright

Zvakare, kodzero yekodzero seti yemitemo yemutemo inodzora hukama maererano nekugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwemamwe mabasa.

Kureva kuti, kodzero yekodzero inonzwisiswa zvakananga sekuti pfuma yenjere ndeyemumwe munhu, kana sechikamu chemutemo chinobata nenyaya dzakatenderedza pfuma yenjere.

Zvimiro zvekodzero muNyika Yedu

Ko copyright inofukidza chii?	Pamusoro pemabasa esainzi, zvinyorwa uye art. Mabasa esainzi anoreva huwandu hwakakura: kubva pazvakagadzirwa uye zvirongwa zveIT kusvika pakubudirira kwekubereka uye dhatabhesi
Ndedzipi kodzero dzine munyori webhuku?	Exclusive, kodzero yezita remunyori, kodzero yekunyora, kodzero yekusakanganiswa uye kubudiswa kwebasa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kune kodzero dzemubairo webasa rebasa, kodzero yekuyeuka, kodzero yekutevera uye kuwana mabasa ehunyanzvi.
Nguva yekodzero yakasarudzika	Kubva pa5 kusvika ku70 makore. Zvinobva pane chaiyo chidimbu. Semuyenzaniso, kumaindasitiri magadzirirwo enguva pfupi ndeye makore mashanu, emabhuku nemafirimu akareba makore makumi manomwe. Uyezve, munyaya yemabhuku (uye kwete mabhuku chete!) Nguva yacho inoverengwa kubva mugore rinotevera mushure mekufa kwemunyori. Kodzero inoshanda panguva yehupenyu hwemunyori, asi zvakare - kwete nemabasa ese
Munyori ane kodzero yebasa riini?	Panguva yekusikwa kwayo
Gwaro guru rinotonga kodzero yekodzero	Chikamu chechina cheCivil Code yeFederation
Ndiani anogona kuva necopyright	Vanhu uye masangano emutemo
Nzira dzekudzivirira kubva mukutyorwa kwekodzero	Deposit, copyright mark, mhosva, mapurisa

Chinyorwa chekutyora kodzero

Iyo administrative kodhi (CAO RF) ine chinyorwa 7.12¹. MuCriminal Code (Criminal Code yeFederation) pane chinyorwa 146² nekutyorwa kwekodzero uye kodzero dzakabatana. Mukuwedzera, mu Civil Code yeFederation, chinyorwa 1301³ inoti kana pakatyorwa kodzero yebasa, munyori kana mumwe ane kodzero anogona kuda kukuvadzwa kana kubhadharwa.

Mhosva yekutyorwa kwekodzero

Administrative

Pasi pechinyorwa 7.12 cheCode of Administrative Offences yeFederation, vanogona kubatwa nemhosva yekutyora kodzero yekodzero, hukama, inventive uye patent. Asi rudungwe rwemigariro yavanogona kurangwa nokuda kwarwo rwakaganhurirwa.

Ngenisa, kutengesa, kurenda kana kumwe kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo kwemakopi emabasa kana magiramufomu nechinangwa chekuwana mari. Kureva kuti vakaedza kuita mari panjere dzemunhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, makopi emabasa anofanirwa kunge ari emanyepo kana aine ruzivo rwenhema nezvevagadziri, nzvimbo dzavanogadzirwa, pamwe nezvevaridzi vekopira uye kodzero dzakabatana. Muenzaniso wakapfava: kutengeswa kweshangu uye zvipfeko zvine brand logos, iyo iyo kambani ine copyright pachayo haina chekuita.
Kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo kwechigadzirwa, modhi yekushandisa kana dhizaini yeindasitiri. Muenzaniso: musayendisiti akagamuchira patent yekuziva-sei, asi maererano nemifananidzo yake, kusunungurwa kwechigadzirwa kwakatangwa pasina kudiwa.
Kuburitsa pachena pasina mvumo yemunyori wezvakakosha zvekugadzirwa, modhi yekushandisa kana dhizaini yeindasitiri isati yaburitswa zviri pamutemo ruzivo nezvavo. Muenzaniso: isati yaburitswa smartphone nyowani, vemukati vari kuyedza kuburitsa chifananidzo chemudziyo kunetiweki. Kana izvi zvikaitika muNyika Yedu, munhu anogona kuzvidavirira pasi pechinyorwa ichi. Kunyangwe kunze kwenyika, pfuma yehungwaru inodzivirirwa zvakatonyanya, saka mafemu anomhan'arawo mukati.
Kupihwa kwehunyori kana kumanikidza kubatanidzwa pamwe.

Ichi chinyorwa chinorangwa nefaindi. Mari yakawanda inobva pakuti ndiani akatyora mutemo. Vanhu vachabhadhara huwandu hwe2000 rubles, vakuru vakuru - kusvika ku20 rubles, uye masangano epamutemo - kusvika ku000 rubles. Dare rinogona kusarudza kutorera zvinhu zvemanyepo.

Mhosva dzekutonga pamusoro pekutyorwa kwekodzero dzinobatwa nematare edzimhosva. Mutemo wekugumira kumatare akadaro igore rimwe chete.

mupari wemhosva

Pasi pechinyorwa 146 cheCriminal Code yeFederation, ivo vacharangwa nekuda kwe:

kupiwa kweunyori ( plagiarism );
kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo kwezvinhu zvekodzero kana kodzero dzakabatana;
kutora, kuchengetedza, kutakurwa kwemakopi emanyepo emabasa kana magiramufomu nechinangwa chekutengesa.

Mamiriro chete anokonzeresa kukuvadzwa kukuru kumunyori kana mumwe muridzi wekodzero anowira pasi peCriminal Code. Kukuvadza kunogona kuonekwa sehombe, matare anosarudza kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu ega ega. Semuenzaniso, kubva pahuwandu hwekukuvadza kwechokwadi, purofiti yakarasika, huwandu hwemari inogamuchirwa neanotyora.

Chirango chinogona kunge chiri faindi inosvika mazana maviri rubles, kururamisa kana basa rekumanikidza. Iyo yakanyanya kuomarara yekubira - kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu yekusungwa, yekushandisa zvisiri pamutemo uye yekunyepedzera - kusvika makore maviri mujeri. Mutemo wekugumira pamhosva makore maviri. Mushure menguva iyi, muparadzi haachazorangwa.

Chikamu chakasiyana chechinyorwa chinosimbisa mhosva nekushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo kwezvinhu zvekodzero, pamwe nezviito zvese nezvinhu zvemanyepo zvinotengeswa, kana:

zvakaitwa neboka revanhu vakabatana;
mutadzi akashandisa nzvimbo yake yepamutemo;
kukuvara kwakaonekwa sekunyanya kukuru - kupfuura 1 miriyoni rubles.

Muchiitiko ichi, anotyora achatarisana nebasa rekumanikidzirwa, faindi inosvika mazana mashanu rubles, uye anosvika makore matanhatu mujeri. Chirango chinotemwa nedare. Mutemo wekugumira munyaya iyi makore gumi.

Nzira dzekuchengetedza copyright

Pane nzira dzakati wandei dzekuzvidzivirira kubva mukutyorwa kwekodzero muNyika Yedu.

Isa chiratidzo ©

Inonzi copywrite - "copyright" kubva kuChirungu. Yedu Civil Code inoti:

"Kuti azivise nezvekodzero yebasa rake, muridzi wekodzero ane kodzero yekushandisa chikwangwani chekudzivirira kodzero, chinoiswa pakopi yega yega yebasa" (Chinyorwa 1271 cheCivil Code of the Federation)⁴.

Mutemo unotsanangura chiratidzo che "copyright" sezvinotevera: mavara echiLatin C mudenderedzwa, pedyo nezita kana zita remuridzi wekodzero, pamwe chete negore rekutanga kubudiswa kwebasa.

Vhura mabhuku emazuva ano evaparidzi vakuru uye iwe uchaona chiratidzo chakadaro pane peji remusoro, pabutiro rekuseri, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange mumusoro wepeji. Tora mirairo yemidziyo yemumba uye zvakare tsvaga ipapo "copyright", chiratidzo chechiratidzo uye chinyorwa "All rights reserved".

Chinhu chimwe chakashata: iyo © sign haisi imwe mhando yechiperengo inokupa chengetedzo yakavimbika kune yako yepfungwa. Asi, inzira yekudzivirira. Uye kana basa rako rakabiwa zvakadaro, zvino zvichave nyore kwauri kuratidza kuti uri muridzi - shure kwezvose, zita rako uye © zvaive panjere.

Copyright dhipoziti

Iyi idocumentary inogadziriswa yeunyori. Kune maregistries anoshanda kubvumidza vane kodzero dzekunyoresa kunyoresa zvinhu zvavo zvenjere. Semuyenzaniso, patent mahofisi uye copyright societies. Kazhinji aya mahofisi emuviri, asi muna 2022 kune akawanda uye akawanda masevhisi anopa online escrow masevhisi. Muenzaniso: akanyora rwiyo, akariisa, akabhadhara komisheni - akagamuchira chitupa. Pavakaona kuti pane akakubira mhanzi vakabva vaenda kudare neumboo uhwu vakatsinhira nyaya yavo.

Muripo wekutyorwa kwekodzero

Pamusoro takataura nezveChinyorwa 1301 cheCivil Code yeFederation. Inotaura kuti kuburikidza nedare zvinokwanisika kudzoreredza kubva ku10 zviuru kusvika ku5 miriyoni rubles mubhadharo wekutyora pfuma yepfungwa. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kugadzirira mhosva mudare - dunhu, kana iwe uine gakava nemunhu, uye mukupokana - kana muparadzi ari sangano repamutemo. Mudare, uchafanirwa kupokana huwandu hwemuripo uye kuratidza kuti une kodzero dzega pabasa.

Kuunza kune administrative uye mhosva mhosva

Kana mamiriro ekutyora kodzero yekodzero akawira mukati memaitiro atakatsanangura muchikamu cheCopyright Infringement Liability, unogona kuwedzera anotyora dambudziko. Pamusoro pekuumbwa kwekutonga kwemhosva, isa mhosva mudare. Panyaya dzeutsotsi, isa report kumapurisa.

Maitiro ekugadzirira Mhosva yekutyora Copyright

Sarudza kana uchida rubatsiro rwemutemo

Padanho rekutanga rekurwira pfuma yehungwaru, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza: uri kuita wega uye kunyorera rubatsiro rwezvakanakira? Gweta imwe mari yekuwedzera. Kune rumwe rutivi, yakachengetedza nguva yako pachako. Pamusoro pezvo, kana nyaya dzekodzero dziri hunyanzvi hwegweta, anoziva algorithm inoshanda yekunyora, kuisa chichemo nekusimbisa. Zvinogoneka kuti negweta rine hunyanzvi zvinogoneka kubata nekutyorwa kwekodzero pasina kuunza nyaya kudare.

Rekodha kukanganisa

Usati wakwidza mhosva, unofanirwa kuve uine humbowo hwekuti basa rako riri kudzokororwa, kutengeswa, kuratidzwa pasina kudiwa. Iwe haugone kuenda kudare, vhura foto pafoni yako uti: "Pano, vaba mufananidzo wangu!" kana kuti "Tengesa chigadzirwa changu pasi pechiratidzo chavo." Iwe unozofanirwa kuenda kune notary kuti chokwadi chinyore.

Gadzirira chikumbiro chisati chatongwa

Kumatare ane masangano emutemo, iyi itsika inosungirwa. Izvo zvakakosha zvechikumbiro chisati chatongwa chinodzokorora chikumbiro kudare. Muunganidzi waro zvine musoro uye akarongeka anoburitsa hunhu hwechido, anotsanangura mamiriro. Inounza kune anotyora iyo yaanoda kumhan'arira, anotsanangura kuti sei mutemo wakatyorwa, uye pakupera kwechirevo chinoratidza zvinodiwa kune anotyora. Semuenzaniso, bhadhara muripo, bvisa chifananidzo, rega kutengeserana nekunyepedzera, buritsa kudzoreredza, zvichingodaro.

Kumhan'arira

Kana iwe usina kugamuchira mhinduro kune pre-trial claim kana kuti mhinduro haina kukukodzera, zvino tora tsamba dzose nemupomerwi, tora humbowo hwese uye unyore kudare.

Chirevo chacho pachacho ndicho chidimbu chechando. Gadzirira kuratidza mamiriro aunoreva sehwaro hwezvaunotaura. Sezvo chirongwa ichi chichienderera mberi, zvichave zvakakodzera kudhirowa zvichemo zvekudzoreredzwa kwehumbowo, ongororo yavo, tsvakiridzo, kuisirwa humwe humbowo, kudaidza zvapupu, kuita bvunzo yakazvimirira, nezvimwe.

Mienzaniso yekutyorwa kwekodzero

1. Sangano rekufambisa rakasarudza kushongedza nzvimbo yavo nemufananidzo wakanaka wemamiriro ezvinhu. Maneja wake wezvemukati akaona mufananidzo wakanaka pasocial network. Iyo furemu yakatorwa uye yakashandiswa kugadzira peji yavo. Munyori wemufananidzo mushure mechinguva akaona basa rake. Akakumbirwa mvumo.

2. Nhepfenyuro yeTV yakatepfenyura mavhidhiyo emimhanzi uye yakaisa nziyo seyakarekera kumashure munyaya dzayo. Ivo vane kodzero dzezvinyorwa - iyo mimhanzi label - vakaziva nezve izvi. Sezvo pakanga pasina kubvumirana pamusoro pemari yehumambo navo, vakamhan'arira.

3. Mumwe mugadziri wekugadzira dzimba akatumira basa rake pasocial network kuitira kuti vangangove vatengi vagone kuongorora portfolio yake. Kufarira mumapurojekiti kwakaratidzwa kwete nevatengi chete, asiwo nevakwikwidzi. Takatora zvidhori, tikazviisa pawebhusaiti yedu uye takatanga mushandirapamwe wekushambadzira nemifananidzo iyi. Munyori wezvinhu zvenjere akashatirwa nekunyepa ndokumhan'arira.

4. Mugadziri wezvishongedzo zvevakadzi aive nemukurumbira wemhando dzegirovhosi. Mutauro uyu wakakopwa chose namuzvinabhizimusi, akatanga kusona dzimwe chetedzo achitengesa muchitoro chake. Mugadziri wemafashoni akatsamwa, akaita bvunzo kutenga, akaraira kuongororwa kwezvigadzirwa. Akakumbira kubva kudare kuti rirambidze muzvinabhizimisi kutengesa magirovhosi echigadzirwa chake, uye kubva kune akatyora mutemo - kubhadhara muripo.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira

Mibvunzo inopindurwa neMukuru Mukuru weIPLS yepamhepo papuratifomu Andrey Bobakov.

Ndeupi muripo unodiwa pakutyorwa kwekodzero?

-Iyo Civil Code inotsanangura kuti kune basa, munyori kana mumwe muridzi wekodzero ane kodzero yekuda:

- muripo muhuwandu hwezviuru gumi kusvika kumamiriyoni mashanu rubles (yakatemerwa nekutonga kwedare zvichienderana nerudzi rwekutyorwa);

- kaviri mutengo wemakopi ekunyepedzera ebasa;

- kaviri mutengo wekodzero yekushandisa basa, yakatarwa zvichienderana nemutengo.

Nzira yekuziva sei kana copyright ikatyorwa?

- Kana chimwe chezvinotevera chakaitika pasina mvumo yako, kazhinji pane kutyorwa kwekodzero yako.

-Takawana mafoto ako mumagazini, paInternet panzvimbo yekutengesa, mafoto stock.

-Pasocial network, takawana positi inotoita zvekukopa kanoti kubva kublog rako.

Mumwe munhu akaisa vhidhiyo yawakapfura paYouTube.

-Anokwikwidza pasaiti yake anopa zvigadziriso zvako zvekugadzira sezvake.

- Rwiyo rwako rwakaonekwa muvhidhiyo nemumwe munyori.

- Iwe wakanyora bhuku, muparidzi haana kuitora, uye munguva pfupi iyo imwe imba yekudhinda yakabudisa basa rinoyeuchidza zvikuru rako.

- Iwe wakapa patent yekuziva, uye kambani yakashandisa madhirowa pasina mvumo yako, yakatanga kugadzira nekutengesa chigadzirwa.

Chii kusiri kutyora kodzero?

- Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinhu zvekodzero zvinogona kushandiswa pasina mvumo yeane copyright uye hapana mubairo unobhadharwa. Muenzaniso wakapfava: kutora mazwi kubva murwiyo semakotesheni kana kuenzanisa rimwe basa. Izvi hazvizotorwa sekutyora mutemo wekodzero. Kune zvakare rondedzero yezvisina kufukidzwa necopyright:

- gwaro repamutemo remasangano ehurumende, semuenzaniso, mitemo, zvinhu zvematare;

- zviratidzo zvehurumende - mireza, majasi ezvombo, mirairo;

- ngano - hunyanzvi hwechivanhu, netsanangudzo, haizivikanwe uye haina mumwe munyori;

- mameseji eruzivo - chirongwa chekufambisa, nhau dzezuva, gwara rechirongwa cheTV;

- pfungwa, misimboti, pfungwa, nzira, mhinduro dzehunyanzvi uye hwesangano matambudziko;

- zvakawanikwa uye chokwadi;

- programming mitauro;

- ruzivo rwe geological nezve mukati menyika.

Ndiani wekubata kana paine kukanganisa kwekodzero?

- Bata gweta rinoita zvehungwaru nyaya dzekutyora pfuma, gadzirira chikumbiro chekutanga uye nyaya. Kana zvakakodzera, isa report kumapurisa.

Zvitubu zve

https://legalacts.ru/kodeks/KOAP-RF/razdel-ii/glava-7/statja-7.12/
http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_10699/b683408102681707f2702cff05f0a3025daab7ab/
https://base.garant.ru/10164072/33baf11fff1f64e732fcb2ef0678c18a/
http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64629/8a1c3f9c97c93f678b28addb9fde4376ed29807b/

Kutyorwa kweCopyright munyika Yedu muna 2022