Kudzivirirwa kwekodzero muNyika Yedu muna 2022

Hazvina kukwana kugadzira uye kugadzira chimwe chinhu, zvakakoshawo kutarisira kuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzako kune dzakaitwa. Zvinhu zviri kufamba sei neizvi muNyika Yedu muna 2022 - mune zvedu zvinhu

Copyright ikodzero dzehungwaru kumabasa esainzi, zvinyorwa uye hunyanzvi (pendi, zvivezwa, mafoto, zvichingodaro). Copyright inowanikwawo mumadhirowa, mepu, dhatabhesi.

Pane zvakare chirevo chechipiri chekodzero - sendima inoronga chikamu chepamutemo chehukama hweane kodzero pamwe nenyika yose.

Muenzaniso wakapfava wekuchengetedzwa kwekodzero muna 2022: mumwe munhu akaisa mufananidzo wemutori wenhau pasina mvumo, uye anoda kuchengetedza kodzero yake pamufananidzo. Semuyenzaniso, kuda muripo kana kubviswa kwemufananidzo kubva paInternet sosi.

Zvimiro zvekodzero muNyika Yedu

Intellectual property is	Mabasa esainzi, zvinyorwa uye art; Zvirongwa zveIT uye databases; mitambo uye phonograms; kutepfenyura zvirongwa zveredhiyo kana terevhizheni; zvigadzirwa, mhando dzekushandisa uye magadzirirwo emaindasitiri; sarudzo dzakabudirira; topology yemasekete akabatanidzwa; zvakavanzika zvekugadzira, ivo zvakare vanoziva-sei; mazita ekutengeserana, zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvebasa; Geographical zviratidzo, mazita ekwakabva zvinhu; mazita ekutengeserana
Hukama hwekodzero nedzimwe kodzero	Kodzero dzehungwaru hadzitsamiri pakodzero yemuridzi nedzimwe kodzero dzemidziyo
Ndiani munyori	Mumwe mugari ane basa rekugadzira rakagadzira chigumisiro. Kana basa rekugadzira raive rakabatana (vaviri kana kupfuura vanhu vakashanda), saka vatori vechikamu vanonzi vanyori-vanyori
Ndiani asinganzi ndiye munyori	Munhu asina kuita mupiro wekusika wega pakugadzirwa kwechigumisiro. Vanyori havazive avo vakangopa tekinoroji, kubvunza, kutungamira, sangano kana rubatsiro rwezvinhu / rubatsiro.
Kukodzera kwekodzero yakasarudzika yebasa (mabhuku, mafirimu)	Munguva yehupenyu hwemunyori uye makore makumi manomwe mushure mekufa kwake (kuverenga kubva muna Ndira 70, gore negore rekufa). Pane zvisizvo kune izvo zvakadhindwa pasi pezita remanyepo, vakadzvinyirirwa, veterans veHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, uye zvakare kana basa racho rakatanga kuburitswa mushure mekufa kwemunyori.
Nguva yekodzero yakasarudzika yekuita (yevatambi, makondukita, vatungamiriri vedanho)	Muhupenyu hwemuiti, asi kwete pasi pemakore makumi mashanu. Kuverengera kunobva muna Ndira 50 wegore rinotevera gore iro muridzi wecopyright akaita, kurekodha kana kushuma maitirwo ebasa.
Nguva yekodzero yakasarudzika yekutaurirana neredhiyo kana terevhizheni	Kwemakore makumi mashanu, tichiverenga kubva muna Ndira 50 wegore rinotevera gore rakatepfenyurwa shoko
Kukodzera kwekodzero yakasarudzika kugiramufomu	50 makore kubva 1 Ndira wegore rinotevera gore iro mapindiro akaitwa
Kukodzera kwekodzero yakasarudzika kune dhatabhesi	15 makore kubva panguva iyo mugadziri akapedza kuunganidza kwayo. Kuverengera kunobva muna Ndira 1 wegore rinotevera gore rekusika. Kana iyo database yakagadziridzwa, saka nguva yacho inovandudzwa
Kukodzera kwekodzero dzakasarudzika kune chigadzirwa, utility modhi, dhizaini dhizaini	Kubva pazuva rekuisa patent application: makore makumi maviri - zvigadzirwa; 20 makore - utility mienzaniso; 10 makore - zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri
Kukodzera kwekodzero yakasarudzika yekubudirira kwesarudzo	30 makore kubva pazuva rekunyoreswa muState Register of Protected Breeding Achievements, uye yemazambiringa, muti, zvishongo, zvirimwa zvemichero uye mhuka dzesango - makore makumi matatu nemashanu.
Kukodzera kwekodzero yakasarudzika kune topology	10 makore kubva pazuva rekutanga kushandiswa kana kubva pazuva rekunyoreswa kweiyo topology ne federal executive body ye intellectual property.
Mitemo yekodzero yakasarudzika kune chakavanzika chekugadzira	Inoshanda chero bedzi kuvanzika kweruzivo kuchichengetwa. Mushure mekurasikirwa kwekuvanzika, kodzero yechakavanzika chekugadzirwa inoguma kune vese vane kodzero dzekodzero
Chii chinoitika mushure menguva yekupedzisira	Basa racho rinova ruzhinji. Inogona kushandiswa zvakasununguka pasina mvumo yemunhu kana mvumo. Panguva imwecheteyo, kunyora, zita remunyori uye kusakanganiswa kwebasa zvinodzivirirwa. Mukuda kwake, tsamba, diaries, munyori anogona kurambidza kubudiswa kwemabasa ake

Mutemo wekodzero

Muna 1993, Nyika Yedu yakadzika mutemo¹ "PaCopyright uye Kodzero Dzinoenderana". Ikozvino yarasa simba rayo. Kunyangwe vamwe vachikanganisa vachiri kuramba vachireva gwaro iri. Yakatsiviwa neimwe yezvikamu zve Civil Code - chikamu chechina². Iyo ine zvinopfuura mazana matatu zvinyorwa zvinotsanangura uye kudzora akawanda maficha ekodzero.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuverenga nezve mhosva yekutyorwa kwekodzero muCode of Administrative Offences (CAO RF). Chisungo 7.12³ inotsanangura kuti ndechipi chirango chakamirira atyora kodzero yekodzero uye kodzero dzinoenderana, uyo anoda kuunza mari, pamwe nezvirango zvekushandisa zvisiri pamutemo chigadzirwa, modhi yekushandisa kana dhizaini yemaindasitiri.

Plagiarism yakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru kune munyori wepakutanga (kupfuura 100 zviuru zveRubles), pamwe nekushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo kwezvinhu zvekodzero, kutora, kuchengetedza, kutakurwa kwemakopi ekunyepedzera kutengeswa pamwero mukuru - zvese izvi zvinodzorwa ne Mutemo weCriminal Code (Criminal Code yeFederation). Zvirango zvinotsanangurwa muchinyorwa 146⁴.

Nzira dzekuchengetedza copyright

Chiratidzo chekodzero

Iyi imhando yekudzivirira chiyero. Iye muridzi wekodzero anofanira kuzivisa munhu wese kuti basa iri rine munyori. Kuti uite izvi, Civil Code inoti isa pakopi yega yega yebasa tsamba yechiLatin "C" mudenderedzwa (©). Mukutaura kwakasununguka, chiratidzo ichi chinonzi "copyright" - kutsvaga bepa kubva kuChirungu copywrite, iyo inoshandura se "copyright". Pedyo ne © unofanira kuisa zita kana mazita emuridzi wekodzero uye kuratidza gore rekutanga kuburitswa kwebasa.

"Copyright" ichabatsira kuchengetedza copyright kana paine mhosva. Munhu kana kambani yakashandisa basa pasina mvumo haigoni kutaura kuti havana kukwanisa kuziva munyori kana kuti vasingazivi kuti kodzero idzi ndedzemumwe munhu. Kunyangwe kana © asipo, ichi hachizove chikonzero cheanotyora muchiitiko.

Copyright dhipoziti

Ndiko, iyo documentary kugadzirisa. Kuisa inzira yekugadzirisa kodzero dzekodzero kumabasa ezvinyorwa, sainzi uye unyanzvi. Zviri pachena kuti pasi pemutemo kodzero dzemunyori dzinomuka panguva yekusikwa kwebasa. Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu anokakavadzana, somuenzaniso, mudare, iwe uchafanirwa kuratidza kuti ndiwe musiki.

Nharo yakasimba ndeyekunyora kuti iri ibasa rako. Deposition inoitwa nemasangano akasarudzika.

Kuwana muripo wekutyorwa kwekodzero

Civil Code (Chinyorwa 1301 cheCivil Code yeFederation)⁵ inoti kana copyright yako ikatyorwa, une kodzero yekukumbira kubva kune anokanganisa:

kubhadhara kukanganisa;
kana muripo.

Mutemo unototsanangura huwandu hwemubhadharo unogona kupihwa nedare - kubva pazviuru gumi kusvika ku10 miriyoni rubles. Ichokwadi, muna 5 iyi "forogo" yehuwandu inozivikanwa⁶ zvisingaenderani neBumbiro reM itemo. Asi aya manuances emutemo ane chekuita nemakakatanwa nemabhizinesi ega ega mudare. Zvingava zvakadaro, nyajambwa wekutyorwa ane kodzero yekukumbira muripo.

Kuunza anotyora mutemo pabasa rekutonga

Kubatsira chinyorwa 7.12. Code of Administrative Offences yeFederation⁷. Nyaya dzakadai dzinotariswa nematare edzimhosva. Mhosva inogona kuiswa mudare reruwa kana uyo anopomerwa mhosva ari munhu. Kana iri pamutemo sangano, ipapo kuti arbitration.

Kuunza kune mhosva

Kune izvi pane chinyorwa 146 cheCriminal Code yeFederation⁸.Asi zvinoverengerwa chete kana kukuvadzwa kukuru kwakakonzerwa kune muridzi wekodzero.

Kukuvadza kunogona kuonekwa sehombe, matare anosarudza kubva mumamiriro eimwe nyaya imwe neimwe. Semuenzaniso, kubva pahupo uye huwandu hwekukuvadza kwechokwadi, huwandu hwemari yakarasika, huwandu hwemari inogamuchirwa nemunhu nekuda kwekutyorwa kwekodzero dzake kune mhedzisiro yebasa rehungwaru kana kune nzira dzekuzvibata.

Ichi chinyorwa chinorangawo kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo kwezvinhu zvekodzero kana kodzero dzine hukama. Uye yekutenga, kuchengetedza, kutakurwa kwemakopi ekunyepedzera emabasa kana magiramufomu ekutengesa. Asi kukanganisa kunofanirawo kuva kwakakura.

Uye imwe yakakosha nuance: mutemo wekugumira pane iyo nyaya makore maviri. Ndiko kuti, mushure memakore maviri kubva panguva yemhosva, mutadzi haakwanisi kurangwa. Nyaya yacho inewo ndima yechitatu, iyo inoranga nokuda kwechinhu chimwe chete, asi chatova boka revanhu, kana kukanganisa kuri pamwero mukuru (kubva pamamiriyoni 1 rubles) kana mutadzi akashandisa nzvimbo yake yepamutemo. Ipapo mutemo wekugumira makore gumi.

Nzira yekudzivirira kodzero yekodzero mudare

Bata Copyright uye Related Law Gweta

Zvechokwadi, unogona kuita zvose iwe pachako. Iyo Civil Code ine chikamu chakakura (chikamu 4), icho chakazvipira kune copyright. Ndihwo hunofanira kuvimbwa nahwo. Kana iwe usati wagadzirira kunyura mumusoro wenyaya, zviri nani kuti ubve watanga kuita tandem neakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, mumhan'arirwi achakwanisa kudzoreredza mari yakashandiswa negweta.

Gadzirisa kukanganisa

Muenzaniso wakapfava: pikicha yako inoburitswa panetiweki pasina mvumo - iwe unofanirwa kuenda kune gweta kuti upe chiratidziro che skrini. Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuchengetedzwa kwekodzero, kutenga bvunzo kunogona kudiwa. Semuenzaniso, kana kambani yakaba mufananidzo wemunyori wekugadzirwa uye inoburitsa zvinhu zvinotengeswa zvinoenderana nezvirongwa izvi.

Pre-trial settlement

Usati waisa chikumbiro, unofanirwa kutumira chikumbiro kune anotyora. Uye chengeta kopi yechipiri. Kuedza kugadzirisa kusati kwatongwa usati wanyorera kudare rekupokana kunosungirwa.

Mukuwedzera, mu Civil Code yeFederation (mundima 3 yendima 5.1. Chinyorwa 1252)⁹ pane kujekeswa kwakakosha. Iyo yekumanikidza yekukumbira maitiro haishande kune kupokana:

pamusoro pekuzivikanwa kwekodzero;
pakudzvinyirirwa kwezviito zvinotyora kodzero kana kugadzira kutyisidzira kwekutyorwa kwayo;
pakubata kwevatakuri vezvinhu umo mugumisiro wekushanda kwepfungwa kana nzira yemunhu mumwe nomumwe inoratidzwa;
pakuburitswa kwemutongo wedare pakutyora kwakaitwa;
pakubviswa kwekutenderera uye kuparadzwa kwezvishandiso, midziyo kana dzimwe nzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa kana kuitirwa kukanganisa kodzero dzakasarudzika.

Somuenzaniso, kana muridzi webhuku akaziva kuti imwe imba inotsikirira iri kudhinda basa pasina mvumo, haafaniri kunyorera munhu anenge atyora mutemo mashoko okuti: “rega kuita izvi.” Munokwanisa kutaura nedare nemapurisa nekukasika.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kana chikumbiro chikaitwa nenzira kwayo, iwe unenge uine humbowo hwese hwekutyorwa mumaoko ako, saka zvinogona kuitika kuchengetedza kodzero dzako pasina kuenda kudare. Anotyora anogona kubvuma pakarepo kuti ari kukanganisa mumamiriro ezvinhu uye kuenda kune nhaurirano. Panguva imwecheteyo, chengetedza tsamba dzose - ichada kuendeswa kudare kana mutadzi asingadi kuenda kuhurukuro.

Isa chikumbiro kudare

Kana zvaisaita kugadzirisa gakava kunze kwedare:

endesa chikumbiro kudare kuti ridzore muripo wekutyorwa kwekodzero dzakasarudzika kumhedzisiro yebasa rehungwaru;
nyorera kuBazi rezvemukati menyika nezve zviito zvisiri pamutemo zveanotyora, zvichiteverwa nekuunza kune manejimendi uye / kana mhosva yemhosva (Chinyorwa 146 cheCriminal Code yeFederation, Chinyorwa 7.12 cheCode of Administrative Offences yeFederation).

Mushure mekutongwa

Kana iwe wakakwanisa kuhwina nyaya, ndiko kuti, sarudzo yekuchengetedzwa kwecopyright yakaitwa mukufarira kwako, zvino mumwedzi ichauya kushanda. Nekudaro, mumwe wemapato anogona kukwidza mutongo panguva ino. Asi kana pasina chikumbiro, saka iwe unofanirwa kuwana gwaro rekuuraya. Kana mumiririri asina kuita zvawaida (muripo, kubviswa kwezvinhu, zvichingodaro), bata bailiffs (FSSP).

Sample kudai

Chikumbiro chinofanira kusanganisira:

mumusoro: zita redare rinotumirwa chikumbiro, zita remumhan’ari, nzvimbo yake yekugara, zita remupomeri, nzvimbo yake, chiyero chemhosva;
muchikamu chinotsanangura: taurira nezvemamiriro ezvinhu aripo uye mamiriro ese ekutyorwa, pamwe nekunyora humbowo hwako;
muchikamu chekukurudzira: tsanangura pane zvaunomisa zvichemo zvako, zvine chekuita nekodzero, unofanirwa kutora zvinyorwa kubva kuCivil Code;
Vanopindura Zvinodiwa: ratidza mhedzisiro inodiwa, semuenzaniso, kukubhadhara iwe huwandu hweN, uye zvakare bvisa izvo zvinhu kana kurega kuishandisa;
rondedzero yezvinyorwayakabatanidzwa kune yako application.

Chikumbiro chinofanira kuendeswa kudare pamwe chete nemakopi zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevanopomerwa. Rondedzero yemagwaro inofanirawo kutorwa fotokopi.

Heino muenzaniso wekuda kushandiswa zvisiri izvo.

В [zita redare]

Mumhan'ari [data]

Mupinduri: [data]

Chirevo chekudai

[Data remupinduri] kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo [ratidza chinhu chekodzero]izvo zvandiri munyori wacho.

[nezuva rakati nerakadaro] Ndakaona kuti [kuratidzwa, kuratidzwa, kugoverwa, kutengeswa, nezvimwewo]. kunyange zvazvo ndisina kupa mvumo yangu kuzviito izvi.

Maererano neChikamu 1 cheArt. 1229 yeCivil Code yeFederation, mugari kana sangano repamutemo rine kodzero yakasarudzika yemhedzisiro yebasa rehungwaru kana kune nzira yekuzvimiririra (ane kodzero) ane kodzero yekushandisa mhedzisiro yakadaro kana nzira dzakadaro pakufunga kwayo. nenzira ipi zvayo isingapesani nomurayiro. Muridzi wekodzero anogona kubvisa kodzero yakasarudzika kune mhedzisiro yebasa rehungwaru kana kune nzira yekuzvimiririra (Chisungo 1233), kunze kwekunge zvapihwa neimwe Code iyi.

Muridzi wekodzero anogona, pakuda kwake, kubvumidza kana kurambidza vamwe vanhu kushandisa mhedzisiro yezviitwa zvehungwaru kana nzira dzekuzvimiririra. Kusavapo kwechirambidzo hakuonekwe semvumo (mvumo).

Vamwe vanhu havagone kushandisa mhedzisiro inoenderana nebasa rehungwaru kana nzira dzekuzvimiririra pasina mvumo yeane kodzero, kunze kwenyaya dzakapihwa neCode iyi. Kushandiswa kwemhedzisiro yebasa rehungwaru kana nzira dzekuzvimiririra (kusanganisira kushandiswa kwavo munzira dzakapihwa neCode iyi), kana kushandiswa kwakadaro kuchiitwa pasina mvumo yeane kodzero, hazvisi pamutemo uye zvinosanganisira mutoro wakagadzwa neCode iyi, mimwe mitemo, kunze kwezviitiko apo kushandiswa kwechigumisiro chebasa rehungwaru kana nzira dzemunhu oga nevanhu vasiri muridzi wekodzero, pasina mvumo yake, inobvumirwa neCode iyi.

[Zvakakodzera zvakare kutora zvimwe zvinongedzo zveCivil Code yeFederation zvine chekuita nechero kukosha kwekuda kwako]

NDINO KUMBIRA:

kupora kubva [mashoko emupinduri] muripo wekutyora kodzero yakasarudzika muhuwandu hwe [isa mari];
bhana [mashoko emupinduri] waridza [zita rebasa] uye upe ose makopi ayo kumumhan’ari.

Applications:

[Rondedzero yemagwaro aunosungirira kuchikumbiro]

[zuva, siginicha, chinyorwa]

Ziva kuti zvakaoma kushandisa sampuli yekuda pasina ruzivo mundima yehutongi pakodzero uye mutemo wakabatana.

Panguva yekutongwa, mumhan'ari anofanira kuratidza mamiriro ezvinhu aanoreva sechikonzero chezvaanotaura. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kugadzirira mamwe magwaro emitemo: zvikumbiro zvekudzorerazve, kuongorora uye kuongororwa kwehuchapupu, kuti kuiswa kwehumwe humwe uchapupu, kudana zvapupu, kuitisa kuongorora kwakazvimirira, nezvimwewo. Hazvigoneke kutarisira kuti kuchengetedzwa kwecopyright kunogumira pakumhan'arira chete.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira

Mibvunzo inopindurwa neMukuru Mukuru weIPLS yepamhepo papuratifomu Andrey Bobakov.

Ndiani anotarisira kuchengetedza kodzero?

- Gweta rinoshanda mumatare ekodzero uye mutemo wakabatana, kuchengetedza mhedzisiro yezviitwa zvehungwaru uye nzira dzakaenzana dzekuzvimiririra.

Ndedzipi dzisiri dzekutonga copyright dziviriro nzira dziripo?

- Tumira chikumbiro kune anotyora mukurongeka kwekugadziriswa kwegakava risati ratongwa. Unogona kushandisa kuyananisira, kuyananisira kana kupindirana (sangano remutemo risiri rehurumende rinogadzirisa kusawirirana kwevanhu). Mune zvimwe zviitiko, semuenzaniso, kana iyo copyright isati yanyoreswa kare, zvingave zvakakodzera kunyorera kuRospatent kuti uwane zvinyorwa zvemusoro.

Ndiani anodzora copyright?

- Iko hakuna zviremera zvinodzora zvekodzero muNyika Yedu. Kune akasiyana masangano anoisa copyrights uye anotarisisa kutyorwa. Munyori anogona kutarisa kutyorwa ari ega, kana kutendeukira kukambani yakasarudzika. Kana mumwe munhu akatyora kodzero, munyori anogona kumhan'ara, kunyunyuta kuzita reanotyora uye / kana kuvakuru vevatariri kuti vaone munhu wacho uye kumisa zviito zvisiri pamutemo zveanotyora, zvichiteverwa nekudzoreredza muripo. .

Ndingaziva sei muridzi wecopyright?

- Nzira iri nyore ndeye zvinyorwa. Iwe unogona kuona pane peji remusoro webasa kuti munyori waro ndiani. Kana kubata muparidzi. Kana iwo mameseji akadhindwa pasaiti, nyorera maneja, moderator nechikumbiro. Zvakanyanya kuoma nemimhanzi, asi kunyangwe pano unogona kutarisa ruzivo rwekutepfenyura sevhisi kana kubata studio neane copyright. Nemamwe mabasa zvakatonyanya kuoma. Kusimbisa munyori wedhizaini, muvambi wemicrocircuit kana dhizaini yeindasitiri, kana sarudzo yesarudzo inoda tsvakiridzo yakakomba. Kuti urege kuva mutadzi, zviri nani kusakwereta zvemumwe munhu.

mabviro

http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_2238/
https://base.garant.ru/10164072/7d7b9c31284350c257ca3649122f627b/
https://legalacts.ru/kodeks/KOAP-RF/razdel-ii/glava-7/statja-7.12/
http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_10699/b683408102681707f2702cff05f0a3025daab7ab/
https://base.garant.ru/10164072/33baf11fff1f64e732fcb2ef0678c18a/
https://base.garant.ru/71563174/#block_102
http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_34661/38ae39c9c4f9501e2c080d13ff20587d2b8f5837/
https://base.garant.ru/10108000/0c5956aa76cdf561e1333b201c6d337d/
https://rulaws.ru/gk-rf-chast-4/Razdel-VII/Glava-69/Statya-1252/

Kudzivirirwa kweCopyright muNyika Yedu muna 2022