Gakanje

tsananguro

Gakanje ndere kurongeka kwema decapod crustaceans, ayo anozivikanwa nedumbu rakapfupiswa. Iwo ane mashanu maviri emakumbo, aine maviri maviri emakumbo ane makumbo mahombe.

Makara ane nyama ine nyoro uye inonaka, iyo kuburitsa inova nzira inorema: kutanga, unofanirwa kupatsanura nzara. Zvino - chikamu chedumbu chemuviri pamwe chete nemakumbo. Ipapo - makumbo. Bvisa nyama inodyiwa kubva mugobvu neforogo, yakapetwa kaviri. Uye govanisa nzara nemakumbo pazvibatanidzwa.

Nyama yegungwa ine hutano chaizvo. Icho chakaderera mafuta mapuroteni chikafu. Zvokudya zvegungwa zvakagara zvichishandiswa muchikafu uye nguva dzese zvaionekwa sekunakirwa.

Gakanje nyama yakapfuma kwazvo mune chakakosha chinhu kune muviri seprotein. 100 g yechigadzirwa ichi chine 18 g yeprotein, 1.8 g yemafuta uye hapana zviriko makabhohaidhiretsi - kune 0.04 g chete avo mune nyama yegakanje.

Kuumbwa kwenyama yegakanje hakusi kushoma. Semuenzaniso, ine yakawanda niacin (vitamini PP kana B3) - chinhu chinogadzirisa cholesterol muropa uye chinobatsira kugadzirisa metabolism. Uye vhitamini B5, inowanikwawo muchigadzirwa ichi, inokurudzira kushanda kwehuropi, inovimbisa kubatwa kwakanaka kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira, inovandudza metabolism ye hemoglobin, lipids, fatty acids uye histamine.

Nhoroondo yemakakanje

Makara akaonekwa pasi pano makore zviuru zana nemakumi masere apfuura uye parizvino anoverengeka anopfuura zviuru gumi zvemarudzi.

Vane musoro mudiki, dumbu pfupi rakakotamiswa pasi peshaya nepachipfuva uye mapara mana echipfuva makumbo akagadzirirwa kufamba. Vaviri vechipiri vakapakata mapinendi anobata chikafu. Mvura yemvura yakadzika, mukutsvaga chikafu, pekugara, uye vanhukadzi, usashandise zvakanyanya kuona sekunhuwidza, kubata uye kemikari pfungwa.

Gakanje imhuka inodya nyama inodya molluscs, makustaceans akasiyana-siyana uye algae. Chifukidzo chechitinous chinovhara muviri wegakanje chinodururwa nguva nenguva panguva yekunyunguduka. Panguva ino, mhuka inokura muhukuru. Mareki mugore rokutanga rehupenyu molts 11-12 nguva, mune yechipiri - 6-7 nguva, munhu mukuru anopfuura makore gumi nemaviri - kamwe chete makore maviri.

Panguva yekunyungudika, chekare chitinous chifukidziro chakabvaruka pamuganhu wedumbu uye cephalothorax, uye kuburikidza neiyi gapuro gakanje rinosvinira kunze kune idzva chitinous goko. Molting inotora 4-10 maminetsi, mushure meizvozvo kuomesa kweiyo nyowani ganda kunogara kwemazuva maviri kusvika matatu.

Muindasitiri yezvikafu, nyama yegakanje chando, makamba eKamchatka, isotopu, uye magakanje ebhuruu anoshandiswa, nekuti idzi mhando ndidzo dzakakura uye dzine vanhu vakawanda. Gakanje haridyiwe rese. Nyama chena inonaka inowanika mumakumbo, nzwara uye uko makumbo anobatana nehombodo. Kuwanda uye hunhu hwenyama yakacherwa zvinoenderana nesaizi yegakanje, mwaka uye nenguva yekunyunyuta.

Crab kuumbwa uye zvine macalorie zvemukati

Nyama yegakanje ine yakawanda yemhangura, calcium (kubva pa17 kusvika 320 mg pa100 g), biologically active magnesium, phosphorus uye sarufa. Yakapfuma muvhitamini A, D, E, B12. Thiamine (vitamini B1) iri munyama yegakanje haina kugadzirwa nemuviri wemunhu uye inozadzwa nechikafu chete. Vitamin B2, yakanyoreswa sekuwedzera kwekudya E101, inokurudzirwa kuchengetedza retina kubva kune inokuvadza mhedzisiro yemirairo ye ultraviolet.

Gakanje nyama ine hunyoro hunosvika 80%; kubva ku13 kusvika ku27% yemapuroteni anoita basa rinokosha mumetabolism; 0.3 - 0.8 muzana lipids; 1.5 - 2.0% yemaminerari uye kusvika ku0.5% yeglycogen, iyo ndiyo nzira huru yekuchengetedza glucose mumuviri womunhu. Panyaya yekuumbwa kwezvinhu zvinobatsira, nyama yegakanje iri pamberi pezvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvezvirimwa nemhuka.

• Caloric zvemukati 82 kcal
• Mapuroteni 18.2 g
• Mafuta 1 g
• Mvura 78.9 g

Zvakanakira magakanje

Nyama yegakanje ine mashoma makabhohaidhiretsi nemafuta, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, inonwiwa zviri nyore nemuviri. Ichi ndicho chikonzero inowanzo kukurudzirwa pakudya kwekudya. Kune chete 87 kalla maruva mune 100 magiramu echigadzirwa ichi.

Iko kukwirira kwetaurine muchigadzirwa ichi kunofanirwa kucherechedzwa zvakasiyana. Iyo inowanzoitika antioxidant iyo inodzvinyirira mahara radicals mumuviri uye inodzivirira kukwegura kwekutanga. Uye zvakare, taurine ine inobatsira panjodzi yekutenderera uye inovandudza kuona.

Unsaturated fatty acids omega 3 uye omega 6 varipowo munyama yegakanje. Izvo zvinodikanwa kune zvakajairika mashandiro eiyo yemoyo system, nekuti ivo vanodzora mwero wecholesterol yakaipa muropa.

Uye nekuda kwekuti nyama yegakanje ine iodine, inobatsira chaizvo kuishandisa kune avo vanotambura nezvirwere zvethyroid.

Crab nyama, kufanana nezvimwe zvakawanda zvegungwa, inoonekwa sechisikwa aphrodisiac. Inowedzera simba rehurume, inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwe testosterone, inovandudza spermatogenesis uye inodzivirira kudzikira kwe libido.

Munyika zhinji dzepasi, hwaro hwevagari zvinovaka muviri hausi chingwa kana nyama, asi ndiro dzegungwa, nekuti zvakagadzirwa nekukurumidza, zviri nyore kugaya uye kunyura zviri nani. Nutritionists vari kuwedzera kukurudzira chikafu chegungwa! Uye iyi menyu zvakare yako inishuwarenzi inopesana ne:

• chirwere chemwoyo. Izvo zvinobatsira zvezvinhu zvegungwa zviri mune chokwadi chekuti zvine omega-3 uye omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Kamwe mumuviri, ivo vanodzikisa iyo mwero wakashata cholesterol muropa.
• mafuta emuviri akawandisa. Mumagiramu zana emussels kune magiramu matatu chete emafuta, mu shrimps - 100, uye kunyange zvishoma mu squid - 3 gramu. Koriori yemukati yezvokudya zvegungwa zvakare inoshamisa pane zvinyorwa zvakaderera - 2-0.3 kilocalories. Kuenzanisa, magiramu 70 evhavha ane 85 kilocalories. Zvakanakira shrimp, crabs uye zvimwe zvekudya zvegungwa zviri pachena!
• kukanganiswa kwenzvimbo yekugaya. Kana muviri uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge takaita tika Chokwadi, tichienzanisa nemutambo wenyama nemhuka dzechipfuwo, hove dzegungwa dzine zvishoma zvishoma zvinowoneka zvinyama, uye nekudaro, hupenyu hwemugungwa chinhu chinobatsira kupfuura nyama.
• zvirwere zve thyroid gland. Izvo zvinobatsira zvekudya zvegungwa zviri muhuwandu hukuru hwehusina kukwana trace element - iodine. Iyo haina kugadzirwa nemuviri wemunhu, sezvazvinoitika nezvimwe zvinoteedzera zvinhu, asi inongowanikwa mune zvimwe zvekudya. Asi zvakakwana kudya magiramu 20-50 egakanje kana shrimps, uye kudya kwezuva nezuva kweiodine kunovimbiswa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane "mafuta" yethyroid gland uye uropi. MuJapan, nyika ine yakanyanya "marine" cuisine munyika, kune imwe chete nyaya yechirwere chetachiona pamiriyoni yevagari vemo. Izvi ndizvo zvinoreva kudya kunovaka muviri chaiko! Kusiyana neyakagadzirwa iodized zvigadzirwa (munyu, mukaka, chingwa), ayodhini kubva mugungwa haiputsi pamusangano wekutanga nemwaranzi yezuva uye oksijeni.
• kushungurudzika mupfungwa. Izvo zvinoonekwa kuti vanhu vanogara padyo nemakungwa nemakungwa vane mutsa kune mumwe kune mumwe wavo kupfuura vamwe vavo "kubva ku hinterland". Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nechikafu chavo chinoenderana nezvikafu zvegungwa. Hushamwari hwakasimba hwevitamini hweboka B, PP, magnesium uye mhangura zvinobatanidza zvese zvegungwa. Iyi ndiyo nzira huru yekudzikama uye kufara. Uye phosphorus inovimbisa kunwiwa kwakakwana uye kusingabvumirwe kwemavhitamini ese eboka B. Zvakanakira hove dzegungwa zviri pachena!
• yakaderera libido. Vanoti Casanova akadya maoyster anosvika makumi manomwe pakudya kwemanheru zuva rerudo risati rasvika, akagezeswa nechampagne. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chikafu chemugungwa chinonzi aphrodisiac ine simba uye chinosimudzira kugadzirwa kwe "passion hormone" testosterone nekuda kwekuwanda kwayo kwe zinc uye selenium. Ichokwadi, isu hatikurudzire kudzokorora chiitiko chakadaro muzita rerudo. Kunyange kushumira kumwe chete kwechiedza checrustacean uye shellfish saladi inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakafanana.

Saka, zvakanakira kudya magakanje, shrimps nezvimwe zvegungwa hazvirambiki - zvakapfuma mumapuroteni, mafuta, mavitamini nemaminerari, kusanganisira phosphorus, calcium, iron, mhangura, iodine. Hakushamisi kuti munyika idzo umo zvokudya zvomugungwa zvinoshandiswa zvakafara, vanhu vanorwara zvishoma ndokurarama kwenguva refu.

Crab inopesana

Crab nyama haina kana zvinopesana. Ehezve, hazvikurudzirwi kuidya kune avo vanhu vari segigeriki yegungwa.

Gakanje kuravira hunhu

Vanoti munhu akamboravira nyama yegakanje kamwe chete haambofa akakanganwa kunakirwa kwayo. Mazhinji magourmets anoti chigadzirwa ichi hachisi chakaderera kune chero chikafu chinozivikanwa selobster kana lobster, kunyanya kana yakabikwa nemazvo.

Gakanje nyama inozivikanwa nekupfava uye juiciness, ine yakashata kwazvo, isina kusimba, yakanakisa kuravira, uye inoramba ichiripo kunyangwe panguva yekuchengetedza maitiro. Glycogen, yakakosha makabhohydrate ane nyama ine yakawanda, inoipa chaiyo inotapira kuravira.

Kubika kunyorera

Mutsika dzekudyira dzevanhu vakasiyana, nyama inoshandiswa kubva kune nzara dzenzara, makumbo nenzvimbo dzekutaura kwavo nehombodo. Inogona kugadzirirwa nenzira dzakasiyana siyana: bika mumvura ine munyu, canning, kutonhora. Iko kubika uko kunoonekwa sekusarudzika, nekuti chinenge zvinhu zvese zvinobatsira zvinochengetwa mukuita.

Nyama yekakanje uye ichangobva kubikwa inoshandiswa sendiro yakaparadzana uye inoshandiswa sechikafu chinonaka, uye inowedzerwawo kune soups, main courses uye salads, kunyanya muriwo. Zvinofamba zvakanaka nezvimwe zvekudya zvemugungwa, mupunga, mazai, masosi akasiyana siyana, uye muto weremoni zvinogona kusimbisa kuravira kwakapfava kwekunaka. Zvidimbu zvenyama zvakakosha pakushongedza hove ndiro.

Izvo hazvigoneke kunyora ese mabikirwo zvichienderana nechigadzirwa. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa crab salads ine miriwo kana michero (kunyanya maapuro, kunze kwema tangerines), rolls, cutlets, uye zvakasiyana siyana zvekudya.
Gourmets chaiwo anobika yega yega mhando yegakanje zvakasiyana, semuenzaniso, rakapfava-ganda gakanje rinoshumirwa nemuto unotapira, uye Kamchatka crab - ine yemuriwo padivi ndiro.

Makara mumushonga

Kubva pa50 kusvika 70% yehuremu hwemakanje ose anobatwa pasi rose ndiwo matemhe adzo nezvimwe zvinogadzirwa. Sezvo mutemo, tsvina yakadaro inoparadzwa, iyo inoda mari yakawedzerwa, uye chikamu chiduku chete chinoshandiswa zvakare. Zvichakadaro, marine crustaceans, kufanana nearthropods yose, ine chitin yakawanda - exoskeleton yavo inosanganisira iyo.

Kana mamwe emapoka eacetyl akabviswa kubva kuchitin nenzira yemakemikari, zvinokwanisika kuwana chitosan, biopolymer ine yakasarudzika seti yehupenyu uye yefizikemiksi maitiro. Chitosan haikurudzire kuzvimba kana mhinduro yemumuviri, ine antifungal uye antimicrobial zvivakwa, uye inoshatisa muzvinhu zvisina chepfu nekufamba kwenguva.