Mukati
Crayfish: ruzivo runobatsira kune mubati wehove
Rwizi (mvura yakachena) crayfish, inowanikwa muEurope neRussia, inosanganisira marudzi akawanda. Vese vari vamiriri vechikwata che decapods. Mhuka dzine chifukidzo chechitinous chinoshanda semapfupa ekunze. Kuonekwa kwecrayfish kunonyatsozivikanwa, sekutonga, ruvara rune ruvara rwegirini-ruvara, izvo zvinoita kuti zvisaonekwe kumberi kwepasi. Crayfish inosarudza miviri yemvura ine shanduko yakanaka yeokisijeni, kana iripo munzvimbo yakamira kana inononoka kuyerera, kunyanya munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba, inonamatira kunzvimbo dzinobuda mvura yepasi. Vanogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadzika, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaipa kana kuti pangozi vanovanza mumakomba akachera kana pasi pematombo, nezvimwewo. Vanoda mararamiro emangwanani uye ehusiku. Zvirimwa zvinoumba 90% yezvokudya zvavo; vanodya mhuka nezvinouraya nguva nenguva. Kunzwa kunhuwa kwakakudziridzwa zvakanyanya. Havatombogoni kunzi mhuka dzinotonhora, asi dzinoshanda munguva yechando. Vanotanga vafambisa musoro, asi vanoshambira vachidzokera shure. Iyo yakakura saizi yemarudzi ese kubva pa20-30 cm. Crayfish inotapukirwa nedenda, denda re crayfish, saka kugovera kunogona kupindirana kana kungove kushoma, asi mune dzimwe mvura kune akawanda ayo zvekuti anogona kuve kutyisidzira kune mamwe marudzi. Inofanira kurangarirwa kuti munzvimbo dzakawanda dzeRussia, kubviswa kwemvura yakachena crustaceans kunotungamirirwa nemutemo kana kurambidzwa. Usati waenda kunobata crayfish, tarisa mitemo yekukohwa mhuka iyi.
Nzira dzekubata crayfish
Pasinei nezvinetso nezvirwere uye denda, crayfish inogona kuva chinhu chakanakisisa chekubata hove, asi inowanzova "shamwari yakaipa" yevaredzi, vanobvisa chirauro kubva pazvikokovonho, kudya chirauro, kunyange kushandiswa kwemabholies akaoma hakubatsiri. Munguva yechando, hove yechando, vanogona kuuya kwete chete pa mormyshkas, asiwo pane spinners uye balancers. Asi havanyatsobata crayfish netsvimbo dzekuredza. Nzira yakajairika yekukohwa crayfish magakanje nemambure. Kubva panzira dzekare, unogona kutumidza zita rakapambwa nerubatsiro rwe "pfumo" - tsvimbo refu, iyo inonongedza iyo inoparadzaniswa uye yakakoswa. Mumvura isina kudzika, usiku, crayfish inogona kuunganidzwa nemaoko. Izvi zvinoda tochi. Kana crayfish inowanikwa muhova duku kana nzizi, unogona kuzviunganidza masikati pasi pematombo uye snags. Iri ibasa rinonakidza, asi "rine njodzi". Pamusoro pezvo, crayfish inocherwa pakadzika uchishandisa mask uye diving snorkel. Imwe nzira inofadza yekubata crayfish ndeyekutaura "boot hove". Chiredzo chinoiswa mubhutu, uye chinonyura pasi nerubatsiro rwetambo. Inobuda mushure mechinguva. Crayfish inofanira kukambaira mubootleg uye inotorwa nemuvhimi.
Zviredzo
Paunenge uchibata hove nerubatsiro rwecrayfish dzakasiyana-siyana, chirauro chinodiwa. Chero nyama, matumbu emhuka, kana hove yakaora chete inogona kushandiswa pane izvi.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
Yakawanda yeRussian Federation, kusanganisira Siberia, inogara kune yakamanikana-toed crayfish. Mharapara-clawed crayfish, muRussia, ine diki diki, kunyanya murwizi rweBaltic Sea. Idzi crayfish hadzina kupindirana pekugara, asi nhete-clawed crayfish inotora nzvimbo dzakawanda uye dzakawanda. Iyo yakakura kugoverwa kweyarrow-clawed crayfish inosanganiswa nekugadziriswa kuri nani kwemhando. Pamwe, iyo yakamanikana-toed crayfish inogara munzvimbo umo yakafara-toed crayfish yakanyangarika nekuda kwedenda. Zvinotendwa kuti munguva yakapfuura, chigunwe chakamanikana chakagoverwa kubva kugungwa reCaspian Sea. MuEurope, nzvimbo yekuparadzirwa kwehupamhi-toed crayfish yakabatwa neimwe mhuka, mupambi - chiratidzo cheAmerican crayfish. Panharaunda yeRussia, yakawanikwa munharaunda yeKaliningrad. KuFar East, murwizi rweAmur, imwe mhando ye crayfish (genus Cambaroides) inogara.
Kubereka
Crayfish inokura pabonde pazera remakore 3-4. Fertilization mu crayfish ndeyemukati, nekuda kwechimiro chechimiro uye hukasha hwevarume, mamiriro akati wandei anofanirwa kusangana kuti ibudirire kubereka. Chokutanga pane zvose, murume anofanira kunge akakura kudarika mukadzi, kana zvisina kudaro mukadzi anogona kupukunyuka. Vakadzi vanotya varume uye vanodzivisa kusangana navo, saka varume vanoita zvehasha uye vanogona kurova vakadzi zvakanyanya. Hombe hombe dzinokopana kakawanda, mushure mekusangana kwakati wandei, murume, nekuda kwenzara, anogona kumedza mukadzi wekupedzisira. Mushure mekusangana, vakadzi vanogona kusasiya migodhi yavo kana matumba kwenguva yakareba, vachitya varume, izvo zvinokanganisa aeration yemazai, uye inogona kufa. Vhiki nhatu mushure mekusangana kwakabudirira, kubereka kunoitika. Mazai anonamirwa kune maproleg emukadzi uye acharamba aripo kusvikira mazamu abuda. Hupenyu hwakazvimiririra hwemakonye hunotanga chete mushure memwedzi miviri.