Dementia nderimwe rematambudziko akanyanya pasi rose. Ndiyo nhamba yekutanga yechikonzero chekufa muEngland neWales uye yechishanu pasirese. MuUnited States, hosha yeAlzheimer, inorondedzerwa neCenter for Disease Control se“chimiro chinouraya chokurasika pfungwa,” ndicho chikonzero chechitanhatu chikuru chorufu. Maererano neWHO, mugore ra2015 munyika yose maiva nevanhu vanodarika mamiriyoni makumi mana nematanhatu vane dementia, muna 46 nhamba iyi yakawedzera kusvika pamamiriyoni makumi mashanu. Huwandu uhu hunotarisirwa kukwira kusvika pamamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nemazana mashanu nemakumi matatu nemazana mashanu.
Kubva muchiLatin "dementia" inoshandurwa se "kupenga". Munhu, kusvikira kumwero wakati kana kuti imwe, anorasikirwa nezivo yaakambowanwa nounyanzvi hunoshanda, uyewo anosangana nezvinetso zvakakomba mukuwana zvitsva. Muvanhuwo zvavo, dementia inonzi "senile insanity." Dementia inoperekedzwawo nekutyorwa kwekufunga kusinganzwisisike, kusakwanisa kuita zvirongwa zvechokwadi zvevamwe, shanduko yemunhu, kusarongeka kwemagariro mumhuri uye kubasa, nezvimwe.
Mhepo yatinofema inogona kuva nemhedzisiro yenguva refu pahuropi hwedu izvo zvinogona kupedzisira zvatungamira mukuderera kwekuziva. Muchidzidzo chitsva chakaburitswa mujenari BMJ Open, vaongorori vakatsvaga dementia kuongororwa mazinga muvakuru vakuru uye mazinga ekusvibiswa kwemhepo muLondon. Chirevo chekupedzisira, icho chinoongororawo zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita seruzha, kusvuta uye chirwere cheshuga, nderimwe danho rekunzwisisa kubatana pakati pekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kukura kwezvirwere zveurocognitive.
"Kunyange zvazvo zvakawanikwa zvichifanira kuonekwa nekuchenjerera, chidzidzo chacho chinokosha chekuwedzera kune humbowo huri kukura hwekubatana kunobvira pakati pekusvibiswa kwemigwagwa uye kuora mwoyo uye kunofanira kukurudzira kutsvakurudza kwakawedzerwa kuti zviratidze," akadaro munyori anotungamira uye apidemiologist paSt George's University London. , Ian Carey. .
Masayendisiti anotenda kuti mhedzisiro yemhepo yakasvibiswa haigone kungoita chikosoro, kuputika kwemhino uye mamwe matambudziko asingaurayiwi. Vakatobatanidza kusvibiswa nengozi yakawedzerwa yehosha yemwoyo nesitiroko. Izvo zvinosvibisa zvine ngozi zvidiki zvidimbu (zvidiki zvakapetwa makumi matatu pane bvudzi remunhu) zvinozivikanwa sePM30. Zvimedu izvi zvinosanganisira musanganiswa weguruva, dota, soot, sulfates uye nitrate. Kazhinji, zvese zvinoburitswa mumhepo pese paunosvika kuseri kwemota.
Kuti aone kana inogona kukuvadza uropi, Carey neboka rake vakaongorora zvinyorwa zvezvokurapa zvevarwere ve131 vane makore 000 kusvika ku50 pakati pe79 ne2005. MunaJanuary 2013, hapana mumwe wevatori vechikamu aiva nenhoroondo yekuora mwoyo. Vatsvakurudzi vakabva vatarisa kuti vangani varwere vakaita dementia panguva yekudzidza. Mushure meizvozvo, vaongorori vakasarudza avhareji yegore negore yePM2005 mu2.5. Vakaongororawo huwandu hwemotokari, padyo nemigwagwa mikuru, uye ruzha rwehusiku.
Mushure mekuzivisa zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sekuputa, chirwere cheshuga, zera, uye dzinza, Carey nechikwata chake vakawana kuti varwere vanogara munzvimbo dzine PM2.5 yepamusorosoro njodzi yekuva nedementia yaive 40% yepamusorokupfuura avo vaigara munzvimbo dzine kuderera kwezvikamu izvi mumhepo. Kamwe vaongorori vakangotarisa iyo data, vakawana kuti kushamwaridzana kwaingova kweimwe mhando yedementia: chirwere cheAlzheimer.
“Ndiri kufara zvikuru kuti tiri kutanga kuona zvidzidzo zvakadai,” anodaro Melinda Power, nyanzvi yezvirwere zvezvirwere zvepaYunivhesiti yeGeorge Washington. "Ini ndinofunga izvi zvakanyanya kubatsira nekuti chidzidzo ichi chinotarisa mazinga eruzha husiku."
Uko kune kusvibiswa, kunowanzoita ruzha. Izvi zvinoita kuti vaongorori vechirwere chechirwere vabvunze kuti kusvibiswa kwetsvina kunokanganisa uropi here uye kana iri mhedzisiro yekuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune ruzha rwakadai setraffic. Zvichida vanhu vari munzvimbo dzine ruzha vanorara zvishoma kana kuti vanonyanya kunetseka zuva nezuva. Ongororo iyi yakafunga mazinga eruzha panguva yehusiku (apo vanhu vanga vatove kumba) uye yakaona kuti ruzha haruna mhedzisiro pakutanga kwedementia.
Sekureva kwachiremba weBoston University epidemiologist Jennifer Weve, kushandiswa kwemarekodhi ekurapa kuongorora dementia ndechimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvakakura pakutsvaga. Iyi data inogona kunge isingavimbike uye inogona kungoratidza dementia yakaonekwa uye kwete zviitiko zvese. Zvingangodaro kuti vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzakasvibiswa zvakanyanya vanowanzosangana nesitiroko uye chirwere chemoyo, uye saka vanogara vachishanyira vanachiremba vanoongorora dementia mavari.
Kunyanya kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunogona kukuvadza uropi hazvisati zvazivikanwa, asi pane dzidziso mbiri dzinoshanda. Kutanga, zvinosvibisa mhepo zvinokanganisa tsinga yeuropi.
“Chii chakaipa kumwoyo wako kazhinji chakaipa kuuropi hwako”Simba rinoti.
Zvichida iyi ndiyo nzira iyo kusvibiswa kunokanganisa kushanda kweuropi nemoyo. Imwe dzidziso ndeyekuti zvinosvibisa zvinopinda muuropi kuburikidza neolfactory nerve uye zvinokonzeresa kuzvimba uye oxidative kusagadzikana zvakananga kumatishu.
Pasinei nekukanganisa kweizvi uye zvidzidzo zvakafanana, rudzi urwu rwekutsvakurudza rwakakosha chaizvo, kunyanya mumunda umo pasina mishonga inogona kurapa chirwere. Kana masayendisiti achigona kuratidza chinongedzo ichi zvine mutsindo, saka dementia inogona kuderedzwa nekuvandudza mhepo.
"Hatichakwanisa kubvisa zvachose dementia," Wev anoyambira. "Asi isu tinogona kuchinja nhamba zvishoma."