Kazhinji kacho genetic mavambo, mazino agenesis inoratidzirwa nekusavapo kwekuumbwa kwemeno rimwe kana akawanda. Zvakanyanya kana kushoma zvakanyanya, dzimwe nguva zvine akakosha kushanda uye aesthetic mhedzisiro, ine zvakakosha mhedzisiro yepfungwa. Iyo orthodontic cheki-up inoita kuti zvikwanise kufungidzira kana midziyo yemazino kana maimplants angave anobatsira.

tsananguro

Dental agenesis inoratidzirwa nekusavapo kwemeno rimwe kana kupfuura, nokuti havana kuumba. Iyi inomaly inogona kukanganisa mazino echeche (vana vasina mazino) asi inokanganisa mazino echigarire kakawanda. 

Kune mafomu ane mwero kana akaomarara emazino agenesis:

• Kana mazino mashoma akabatanidzwa, tinotaura nezve hypodontia (meno rimwe kusvika kumatanhatu asipo). 
• Oligodontia inoreva kusavapo kwemazino anopfuura matanhatu. Kazhinji inoperekedzwa nekukanganisa kunobata dzimwe nhengo, inogona kusanganiswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzesyndromes.
• Pakupedzisira, anodontia inoreva kusavapo kwemeno zvachose, iyo inoperekedzwawo nedzimwe nhengo dzisina kukwana.

Zvinokonzera

Dental agenesis inowanzova yekuzvarwa. Muzvizhinji zvezviitiko, ndezvekubva kune genetic (hereditary genetic anomaly kana sporadic kutaridzika mumunhu), asi zvakatipoteredza zvinogonawo kupindira.

Genetic factors

Kuchinja kwakasiyana kwakanangana nemajini anobatanidzwa mukuumbwa kwezino kunogona kuve nechekuita.

• Isu tinotaura nezve yakasarudzika mazino agenesis apo iyo genetic defect inongobata mazino kukura.
• Syndromic dental agenesis inobatanidzwa kune genetic abnormalities iyo inokanganisawo kukura kwemamwe matishu. Kusavapo kwemazino kazhinji chiratidzo chekutanga. Kune anosvika zana nemakumi mashanu emasyndromes aya: ectodermal dysplasia, Down syndrome, Van der Woude syndrome, nezvimwe.

Environmental factors

Kuratidzwa kwe fetus kune zvimwe zvakatipoteredza kunokanganisa kuumbwa kwehutachiona hwemazino. Zvinogona kunge zviri zvemuviri (ionizing radiations) kana makemikari ejenti (zvinodhaka zvinotorwa naamai), asiwo zvirwere zvinotapukira zvaamai (syphilis, tuberculosis, rubella…).

Kurapwa kwegomarara revana nechemotherapy kana neradiotherapy kunogona kuve honzeri yemultiple genesis, yakanyanya kana kushomeka zvichienderana nezera rekurapwa uye madhasi anopihwa.

Chekupedzisira, yakakosha craniofacial trauma inogona kukonzera mazino agenesis.

chirwere

Kuongororwa kwekiriniki uye panoramic X-ray ndiyo misimboti yekuongororwa. Iyo retro-alveolar x-ray - yekare intraoral x-ray inowanzoitwa muhofisi yemazino - dzimwe nguva inoitwa.

Specialized consultation

Varwere vanorwara ne oligodontia vanoendeswa kune nyanzvi yekubvunzana, iyo ichavapa yakakwana yekuongorora yekuongorora uye kurongedzera multidisciplinary kutarisirwa.

Inonyanya kukosha muzviitiko zve oligodontia, iyo orthodontic ongororo yakavakirwa kunyanya pane lateral teleradiography yedehenya, pane cone beam (CBCT), yakakwira-resolution radiography tekiniki inobvumira dhijitari 3D kuvakazve, paexo- uye intraoral mafoto uye pane orthodontic cast.

Genetic counselling ichabatsira kujekesa kana oligodontia iri syndromic uye kukurukura nyaya dzenhaka.

Vanhu vane hanya

Dental agenesis ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinowanzoitika mumunhu, asi muhuwandu hwezviitiko panongova nezino rimwe chete kana maviri chete. Agenesis yemazino ehuchenjeri ndiyo yakajairika uye inobata kusvika makumi maviri kana makumi matatu muzana yehuwandu hwevanhu.

Oligondotia, kune rumwe rutivi, inoonekwa sechirwere chisingawanzo (nguva isingasviki 0,1% muzvidzidzo zvakasiyana). Kusavapo zvachose kwemazino ndiko 

zvisingawanzoitiki.

Pakazere, vakadzi vanowanzobatwa zvakanyanya kupfuura varume, asi maitiro aya anoita seachinja kana tikafunga chete mafomu ane nhamba huru yemazino asipo.

Kuwanda kweagenesis pamwe nerudzi rwemazino akashaikwa anosiyanawo zvichienderana nerudzi rwedzinza. Saka, vanhu vekuEurope verudzi rweCaucasian havagone kudarozvinodhura kupfuura maChinese.

Dentition

Mune zvinyoro zvinyoro (hypodontia), mazino ehuchenjeri anowanzo kushaikwa. Lateral incisors uye premolars zvakare anogona kunge asipo.

Mune mamwe maitiro akaomarara (oligodontia), iyo canines, yekutanga uye yechipiri molars kana yepamusoro yepakati incisors inogonawo kunetseka. Kana oligodontics iine mazino echigarire, mazino emukaka anogona kuramba achipfuura zera rakajairika.

Oligodontia inogona kuperekedzwa neakasiyana abnormalities anobata mamwe mazino uye shaya senge:

• mazino madiki,
• mazino ane conical kana abnormal shaped;
• kukanganisa enamel,
• mazino emufaro,
• kunonoka kuputika,
• Alveolar bone hypotrophy.

Associated syndromic abnormalities

Dental agenesis inosanganiswa ne cleft lip uye palate mune mamwe ma syndromes akadai saVan der Woude syndrome.

Oligodontia inogona zvakare kusanganisirwa nekushomeka kwekusanzwa kwemate, bvudzi kana zvipikiri kusagadzikana, dikita kusashanda zvakanaka, nezvimwe.

Multiple agesis disorders

Multiple mazino agenesis inogona kutungamirira mukusakwana kukura kweshaya (hypoplasia). Kwete kukurudzirwa nekutsenga, bhonzo rinowanzonyunguduka.

Mukuwedzera, kuvharika kwakashata (malocclusion) yemuromo wemuromo kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakakomba yekushanda. Vana vanotapukirwa vanowanzotambura nekutsenga nekumedza, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko asingaperi ekugaya, nekukanganisa kukura uye hutano. Kufona kunokanganisawo, uye kunonoka kwemutauro hakugone kubviswa. Kuvhiringidzwa kwemhepo kune dzimwe nguva kuripo.

Migumisiro pahutano hwehupenyu haisi kuregeredza. Iyo aesthetic maitiro eakawanda genesis kazhinji haina ruzivo rwakanaka. Sezvo vana vanokura, vanokombamira kuzviparadzanisa vamene ndokudzivisa kuseka, kunyemwerera kana kuti kudya pamberi pavamwe. Pasina kurapwa, kuzviremekedza uye hupenyu hwemagariro hunowedzera kuipa.

Mushonga unovavarira kuchengetedza yakasara mazino capital, kudzoreredza kuvharika kwakanaka kwemumuromo mhango uye kuvandudza aesthetics. Zvichienderana nehuwandu uye nzvimbo yemazino asipo, kudzorera kunogona kushandisa prostheses kana kudyara kwemazino.

Oligodontics inoda kutarisirwa kwenguva refu nekupindira kwakawanda sezvo kukura kunofambira mberi.

Kurapa kweOrthodontic

Kurapa kweOrthodontic kunoita kuti zvikwanise, kana zvichidikanwa, kugadzirisa kurongeka uye kuiswa kwemazino akasara. Inogona kushandiswa kunyanya kuvhara nzvimbo pakati pemazino maviri kana kuti zvinopesana kuti iwedzere iyo isati yatsiviwa nezino risipo.

Prosthetic kurapwa

Prosthetic rehabilitation inogona kutanga isati yasvika makore maviri. Inoshandisa anobvisika chidimbu mazino mazino kana akagadziriswa prostheses (veneers, korona kana mabhiriji). 

Kudyara kurapwa

Kana zvichiita, kudyarwa kwemazino kunopa mhinduro inogara kwenguva refu. Vanowanzoda kusungirirwa kwepfupa kare. Kuiswa kwe2 (kana kunyange 4) kudyara kusati kwapera kwekukura kunogoneka chete munharaunda ye mandibular anterior (yakaderera shaya). Mamwe marudzi ekudyara anoiswa mushure mekunge kukura kwamira.

Odotonlogie

Chiremba wemazino angangoda kurapa hukama hwemazino anomalies. Composite resin anoshandiswa kunyanya kupa mazino chimiro chechisikigo.

Kutsigirwa kwepfungwa

Kutevera kunoitwa nenyanzvi yepfungwa kunogona kubatsira kubatsira mwana kukunda matambudziko ake.

Iko hakuna mukana wekudzivirira mazino agenesis. Kune rumwe rutivi, kudzivirirwa kwemazino akasara kunokosha, kunyanya kana kukanganisa kweenamel kuisa njodzi yekuora, uye dzidzo yehutsanana hwemuromo inoita basa rinokosha.