Nekuvandudzwa kwekubika kubika, mhando dzedoro dzakaonekwa pamasherufu ezvitoro. Kunzwisisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvepilsners, IPAs, stouts uye porters zvinogona kuoma. Muchokwadi, kune marudzi maviri chete ezvinwiwa zvine furo - ale nelager. Iyo yekupedzisira inowanzoonekwa sedoro rekare rekare. Tevere, ngationei kuti ndeupi musiyano mukuru pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzedoro maererano nekugadzira tekinoroji, kuravira uye tsika yekunwa.
Zvimiro zvekugadzirwa kweale uye lager
Chinhu chinotarisa pakubika imbiriso. Ndivo vane basa rekuvirisa panguva yekuvirisa uye kushandura shuga kuita kabhoni dhaikisaidhi nedoro. Ale mbiriso inofarira tembiricha yepamusoro - kusvika 18 kusvika 24 °C. Matambudziko ari kushanda nesimba muchikamu chepamusoro chetangi, uko kune wort. Naizvozvo, ale inonzi doro rakaviriswa pamusoro.
Kusvika pakati pezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, doro rese, pasina kusarudzika, raive rechikamu cheales. Iyi nzira yekubikisa yakashanduka kwezviuru zvemakore, sezvo mabikirwo ehoppy akaviriswa epamusoro anoshivirira kupisa kwakanyanya. MuEurope yeMiddle Ages, doro gobvu uye zvishoma hoppy raive chinhu chakakosha pamwe nechingwa. Doro shoma shoma rakauraya utachiona, saka ale yakatsiva mvura munyika dzeEurope.
Lager yeast inonyanya kushanda pakudziya kwakaderera uye inovirisa pasi petangi. Doro rinoviriswa pazasi rakapayona nevabiki vedoro vokuGermany vakawana kuti kuvirisa mumidziyo yeale kwaipfuurira kana kwaichengetwa mumapako anotonhora. Mhedzisiro yacho yakava doro rakareruka, rakasimba, risinganakidze iro rakanga rakakurumbira mumataveni ekare. Muna 1516, mutemo weBavaria "Pakuchena kwekubika" wakapasiswa, iyo yakarambidza kugadzirwa kwedoro rakaviriswa pasi mumwedzi yezhizha.
Lager yeast yakatanga kutsaurwa muchimiro chayo chakachena muna 1883. Sezvo masvikiro acho anga aine hushoma hwekumwe kusanganisirwa, doro rakaviriswa pasi rakachengetwa kwenguva yakareba uye raibatsira kurigadzira. Naizvozvo, zvishoma nezvishoma lager yakatanga kutsiva ale, iyo yaive nehupenyu hupfupi hwesherufu. Kushandiswa kwakapararira kwemafiriji kwakaita kuti zvikwanisike kubika lager pasinei nenguva yegore.
Ravira musiyano pakati peale nelager
Misiyano yemakadhinari pakati peale nelager inonyanya kuenderana neinonaka bouquet. Sezvo mbiriso yeale inoviriswa pakupisa kwakanyanya, inoburitsa esters uye phenolic komisheni inopa muchero uye zvinonhuwira. Mhando dzeBelgian-type dzinopa zvinwiwa zvakasiyana siyana zvekunaka. Vabiki vehumhizha vanosanganisa marudzi akasiyana ehops nemhando dzakasiyana dzembiriso uye birai doro rine matinji emango, pineapple, vanilla, banana uye citrus.
Lager yeast inopa doro kunakirwa kwakachena uye kutsva, kuzere nekuvava kwehop uye bhari. Mupfungwa dzevanhu vazhinji, doro chairo irasha rakapfava, rine musoro wakakora wefuro. Zvisinei, uku kunongova kunyengera. Mhando yembiriso haikanganisi ruvara rwechinwiwa. Doro repamusoro nepasi-rakaviriswa rinogona kunge rakareruka kana kusviba, zvichienderana nekugocha kana kumera kwebhari.
Nekudaro, mazhinji emadoro pamusika anoiswa sema lager, ayo anozadzisa zvizere zvinotarisirwa nevatengi. Ale yakajairika pakati pevanobika doro sezvo isingade midziyo inodhura uye ine avhareji yenguva yekukura kwemazuva manomwe. Doro rinobikwa muzvikamu zvidiki uye pakarepo rinotengeswa, kuitira kuti rirege kutora matangi kwenguva yakareba.
Muma1970, chishuwo chevagadziri kufadza vatengi chakatungamira kune chokwadi chekuti lager dzakarasikirwa nehunhu uye dzakarega kusiyana kubva kune mumwe. Kudzikira kwekuda doro kwakamanikidza makambani kuti aedze masitayera uye kudzosera yakaderera ester zvirimo kumalager.
Parizvino, masitaera akasanganiswa akaonekwa anoshandisa rudzi rumwe rwembiriso mukugadzira, asi kuvirisa kunoitika patembiricha yakakwira uye yakaderera. Tekinoroji inoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana doro rakachena uye rakajeka rine hunhu hwekuravira.
Tsika yekushandisa
Classic lager inopedza nyota zvakanaka, uye mhando dzisina kusimba dzinogona kudyiwa pasina svutugadzike kana nezvikafu. Mhando dzakareruka dzinofamba zvakanaka nepizza, imbwa dzinopisa, uye ine mukurumbira Hove & Chips dish kuUK - hove dzakakangwa nemafrench. Czech pilsner inokodzera masoseji akakangwa, hove dzegungwa, nyama yakagochwa. Dark lager marudzi anoita gastronomic pair nemachizi akakura uye nyama inoputa.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzeale dzakanaka nemamwe marudzi echikafu. Misanganiswa inokurudzirwa:
- IPA (Indian pale ale) - hove dzine mafuta, burgers, Thai ndiro;
- rima ales - nyama tsvuku, zvinonhuwira cheeses, lasagna, stewed howa;
- porter uye stout - nyama yakakangwa uye soseji, oyster, dema chocolate desserts;
- saison - huku yakabikwa negariki, muto wegungwa, mbudzi cheese;
- uchi uye spiced ales - mutambo, soseji.
Rudzi rwedoro rwega rwega rune kudyiwa kwarwo. Lagers anowanzo kunwiwa kubva kumagirazi marefu kana kubva mumagi edoro ane huwandu hwe0,56 litres. Mhando dzakasviba dzinoshumirwa mumagirazi mahombe akafanana ne tulip. Magirazi echinyakare anonzi pints uye ane cylindrical muchimiro ane kuputika kumusoro uye pasi gobvu. Stouts yakasimba, vatakuri uye maales akasviba anogona kudururwa mumagirazi e tulip uye mabhodhoro akaumbwa.