Neraki, marapirwo eECT akachinja zvakanyanya kubva pakushandiswa kwavo kwekutanga mukupera kwe30s. Kure nekunyangarika kubva kune yekurapa arsenal, ivo vachiri kushandiswa kurapa zvakanyanya kuora mwoyo kana zvimwe zviitiko zve schizophrenia kunyanya.

Electroconvulsive therapy kana seismotherapy, inowanzonzi electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) nhasi, inosanganisira kutumira magetsi kuuropi kuti aite kubatwa nepfari. Kufarira kunobva pane ichi chiitiko chemuviri: nekudzivirira uye kupona reflex, panguva yedambudziko rekugwinha uropi huchaburitsa akasiyana siyana neurotransmitters uye neurohormones (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) inobatanidzwa mukusagadzikana kwemafungiro. Izvi zvinhu zvinokurudzira neurons uye kusimudzira kusikwa kwezvinyowani zvekubatana.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) inogona kuitwa panguva yekuiswa muchipatara kana pachipatara. Mvumo yemurwere inosungirwa, sezvakaita chero chiito chekurapa.

Kusiyana nekutanga kwe seismotherapy, murwere iye zvino anoiswa pasi penguva pfupi yeanesthesia (5 kusvika kumaminitsi e10) uye curarization: anoiswa jekiseni ne curare, chinhu chinokonzera kuremara kwemisimba, kuitira kudzivirira kugwinha kwemhasuru uye kudzivirira 'haaiti' akazvikuvadza.

Chiremba wepfungwa anozoisa maelectrodes akasiyana pamusoro wemurwere, kuitira kuti akwanise kutarisa basa rehuropi mukati mekuita. Zvadaro kudzokororwa kwemagetsi emunguva pfupi pfupi (pasi pemasekonzi masere) ezvino zvesimba rakaderera zvikuru (8 amperes) anounzwa kudehenya kuitira kukonzera kubatwa nekugwinha kwemasekonzi makumi matatu. Kushaya simba kwemagetsi aya kunoita kuti zvikwanise kudzivirira zvakakomba zvakamboonekwa mushure mekushomeka kwemagetsi:

Zvirongwa zvinogona kudzokororwa kaviri kana katatu pasvondo, pakurapa kubva pazvikamu zvishoma kusvika kune makumi maviri, zvichienderana nekushanduka kwehutano hwemurwere.

Zvinoenderana nekurudziro yehutano, ECT inogona kushandiswa semutsara wekutanga kana paine njodzi inotyisidzira hupenyu (njodzi yekuzviuraya, kuderera kwakanyanya kwemamiriro ezvinhu) kana kana hutano hwemurwere husingaenderane nekushandiswa kwe” imwe nzira inoshanda. kurapwa, kana seyechipiri-mutsara kurapwa mushure mekutadza kweyakajairwa kurapa kwemishonga, mune aya akasiyana pathologies:

• kuora mwoyo kukuru;
• bipolarity mune acute manic kurwisa;
• mamwe marudzi e schizophrenia (schizoaffective disorders, acute paranoid syndromes).

Nekudaro, hadzisi dzese masangano anoita ECT, uye pane mutsauko wakasimba munharaunda yeiyi yekupihwa kwekurapa.

Mushure memusangano

Zvakajairika kuona misoro, kusvotwa, kurasikirwa nekurangarira kwenguva pfupi.

The zvabuda

Kushanda kwenguva pfupi kwekurapa kweECT pakuora mwoyo kukuru kwakaratidzwa mu85 kusvika ku90%, kureva kushanda kwakaenzaniswa nemishonga inoderedza kuora mwoyo. Kubatanidza kurapwa kunodiwa kunotevera kurapwa neECT, nekuda kwehuwandu hwepamusoro (35 uye 80% maererano nezvinyorwa) zvekuora mwoyo kunodzoka zvakare mugore rinotevera. Inogona kunge iri kurapwa kwezvinodhaka kana kubatanidza ECT zvikamu.

Nezve bipolarity, zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti ECT inoshanda se lithiamu pane acute manic attack muvarwere vanogamuchira neuroleptics, uye inobvumira kuwana chiito chekukurumidza pakudengenyeka uye kufara.

Njodzi

ECT haikonzere kubatana kwehuropi, asi dzimwe njodzi dzinoramba dziripo. Ngozi yekufa inobatanidza neanesthesia yakawanda inofungidzirwa pa 2 pazvikamu zve 100 ECT, uye chirwere chechirwere pa 000 njodzi pa1 kusvika ku1 zvidzidzo.