Izvo zvinokwanisika uye kunyange zvakajairika kushandura mafuta emiriwo nemaitiro anonzi esterification. Sei ? Kuregererei ? Iyo nharo ichaenderera mushure mekuverenga chinyorwa.

Mafuta emuriwo chinhu chine mafuta chakasviba patembiricha yemukamuri yakabviswa kubva kune oleaginous chirimwa, ndiko kuti chirimwa chine mhodzi, nzungu kana maarumondi ane lipids (mafuta).

Nei uchifanira kufarira munda wezvizoro? Nekuti iyo yepamusoro peganda (iyo epidermis) inoumbwa nemasero (keratocyte) akanamwa nesamende ye phospholipids, yemiriwo cholesterol uye polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Mazhinji emafuta emiriwo anewo polyunsaturated fatty acids, nekudaro kushandiswa kwavo kusimbisa zvakasikwa zveganda kana kuzvitsiva kana zvichishomeka.

Zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvisaririra zvakaita semuenzaniso coconut mafuta ayo anonzi "kongiri" uye ayo ane saturated fatty acids (haina kukurudzirwa).

Kune zvinopfuura makumi mashanu emiti yemichero inobviswa mairi mhandara mairi kana matsva kana ehupenyu macerates. Izvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa muzvizoro ndezvi:

• Argan, iyo inokura muMorocco uye inoshanda kusanganisa mafuta anokosha;
• Jojoba, yakasimwa mumarenje eSouth America;
• Shea, iyo inouya ichibva kuAfrica (yakasimba nyika patembiricha);
• Muamanda, unogara wakakomberedza bheseni reMediterranean asi wakakurumbira muMalaga, iyo inoshanda zvakare kudzikisa mafuta anokosha.

Asi maoiri ane mazita anoshamisa anobva kune akawanda, akawanda anoshamisa zvirimwa zvinokura mumakona ese epasi, zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kushamisa.

Rosehip (South America), Castor (India), Kamanja (Pongolotte muti kubva kuIndia), Camellia kana Tea (India), Sea buckthorn (Tibet), nezvimwewo, tisingatauri macerates emadhizi kana monoi (maruva echiTahiti tiare) . Tinofanira kumira, asi runyorwa rwakareba.

Asi mafuta anotsigirwa anouya kunyanya kubva kumuchindwe (nzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa, mahombekombe nemakomo) uye coconut (Asia neOceania).

Kure nenhetembo yemiti, ngatiuyei ku esterification.

Esterification ine chekuita nemakemikari kemisitiri, iko kushandurwa kwechinhu kuva ester nekuita acid ine doro kana phenol.

Mukushanda kunotinakidza pano, fatty acids (maarumondi, nzungu kana mhodzi dzezvirimwa zviri kutaurwa) zvinotsigirwa kushandura mafuta (zvinwiwa) kana mafuta (solids) kuva esters. Ziva kuti oiri akafuma mune unsaturated fatty acids kupfuura mafuta.

Mafuta emafuta emafuta emuriwo anobva aitwa neakakora doro kana polyol senge glycerol, yakasikwa kana yekugadzira.

Kufambisa uku kunogona kuitiswa kutonhora kana kupisa. Iko kutonhorera kuita kwaizoita kuti zvikwanise kuchengetedza hunhu hwezvinhu (izvo "zvinoshanda zvinoshanda") zvakatsvaga uye kushandiswa kwezvakasikwa zvinonyungudutsa zvaizoita kuti zvikwanise kusaderedza simba ravo nekunyungudika.

Ongorora: mamiriro akapindira mune zvinyorwa. Chokwadi, vagadziri uye vanoita sarudzo vanopokana. Organic mavara anowanikwa zvisina kufanira kupihwa. Rangarira kuti zvipfeko zvepanyama zvinorumbidza mafuta emiriwo akasimbiswa, nepo zviyeuchidzo zvakajairika zvichishandisa masilicones nemafuta emamineral.

Mineral maoiri anouya kubva petrochemicals: iwo akadhura, akatsiga, akachengeteka, ane simba rakanyorova uye simba rekusimbisa, asi pasina simba rezvehutano uye zvishoma kana kushaya biodegradability. Kana iri yesilicones, iwo ese anogadzirwa zvakakwana, zvichikonzerwa nekushandurwa kwe quartz.

Tinofanira kutanga netsananguro inonzwisisika ine nharo uye inotoita nharo.

• Oiri yakasimbiswa ndeye oiri yemiriwo iyo yakashandurwa nechemical reaction inoita kuti iwedzere kupinda, igadzikane uye isanyanya kudhura;
• Gakava rekutanga muenzaniso wekokonati kana mafuta emichindwe ane mavitamini, phytosterols (chirimwa "midziyo") uye isina kusimba yakakosha mafuta acids (omega 3 ne6) iyo inopisa esterification inoparadza;
• Chechipiri chine chekuita nemutengo wavo wakaderera. Asi iyo yekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri yemichindwe kana coconut mafuta ndiyo inokonzera kuparadzwa kwemasango kukuru, kunyanya muSouth-East Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia) uye mu Africa (Cameroon neDemocratic Republic of Congo);
• Chechitatu ndiko kushandiswa kwavo kuri nyore: maoiri akasimbiswa anowanikwa nyore nyore mumakirimu pasina kushanda kwekudziya. Mafuta acho anobva agadzikiswa uye anoramba ari nani.

Kune yega yega gakava, mienzaniso uye inopokana-mienzaniso inopikiswa. Zvichida nzira yakanakisa yekuwana zano haisi yekupokana zvine hungwaru makirasi maviri emafuta asi kuafungisisa rimwe nerimwe pamutengo wavo, zvivakwa zvavo, mamiriro avo ekugadzira nezve nharaunda uye imwe nharaunda.

Esterified oiri yemafuta inoitirwa kunyaradza ganda asi kwete mweya. Njere dzinopa zano kuti usavapikise asi kuti uvashandise imwe neimwe kunaka kwavo, kunyangwe kuishandisa neimwe nzira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa neganda.