Unoziva here mutengo wehamburger? Kana iwe ukati i $2.50 kana mutengo uripo paresitorendi yeMcDonald, uri kurerutsa mutengo wayo chaiwo. Mutengo wemutengo hauratidzi mutengo chaiwo wekugadzira. Imwe neimwe hamburger kutambura kwemhuka, mutengo wekurapa munhu anoidya, uye matambudziko ehupfumi uye ezvakatipoteredza.
Nehurombo, zvakaoma kupa fungidziro yechokwadi yemutengo wehumburger, nekuti yakawanda yemitengo yekushandisa yakavanzwa kubva pakuona kana kungoregeredzwa. Vanhu vakawanda havaoni kurwadza kwemhuka nokuti vaigara mumapurazi, vobva vachekwa vourayiwa. Zvakadaro vanhu vazhinji vanonyatsoziva mahormone nemishonga inopihwa kana kupihwa zvakananga kumhuka. Uye mukuita izvi, vanonzwisisa kuti mazinga akakwirira ekushandiswa kwemakemikari anogona kutyisidzira vanhu nekuda kwekubuda kwehutachiona hunopesana nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Pane kuwedzera kuziva kwemutengo watinobhadhara mahamburger nehutano hwedu, kuti tinowedzera njodzi dzechirwere chemoyo, kenza yemuura, uye BP. Asi chidzidzo chakazara chengozi dzeutano dzekudya nyama chiri kure nekupedzwa.
Asi mari inosanganisirwa mukutsvagisa yakareruka kana ichienzaniswa nemutengo wezvakatipoteredza wekugadzirwa kwezvipfuyo. Hapana chimwe chiito chomunhu chakatungamirira kukuparadzwa kukuru kwakadaro kwenzvimbo yakawanda uye zvichida mamiriro enyika so“rudo” rwedu nokuda kwemhou nenyama yayo.
Kana iyo chaiyo mutengo wehamburger ungave wakada kufungidzirwa padiki, zvino zvaizoitika kuti hamburger yega yega haina mutengo. Ungayera sei mitumbi yemvura yakasvibiswa? Ungati sei marudzi ari kunyangarika zuva nezuva? Unoziva sei mutengo chaiwo wekuderedzwa kwevhu repamusoro? Kurasikirwa uku kunenge kusingagone kufungidzira, asi ndiko kukosha chaiko kwezvigadzirwa zvezvipfuyo.
Iyi inyika yenyu, iyi inyika yedu…
Hapana kupi uko mutengo wokugadzirwa kwezvipfuyo wava pachena zvikuru kupfuura munyika dzokuMadokero. IAmerican West inzvimbo yakakura kwazvo. Nyika yakaoma, ine matombo uye isina chinhu. Magwenga anotsanangurwa sematunhu ane mvura shoma uye mwero wekunaya kwemvura zhinji — nemamwe mazwi, anoratidzirwa nekusanaya kwemvura shoma uye zvinomera zvishoma.
Kumadokero, zvinoda ivhu rakawanda kupfuya mhou imwe chete kuti ipe zvokudya zvakakwana. Semuyenzaniso, maeka akati wandei evhu kurera mhou anokwana munzvimbo ine mwando seGeorgia, asi munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzine makomo dzekuMadokero, ungangoda 200-300 mahekita kutsigira mhou. Nehurombo, kurima kwakasimba kwemafuro kunotsigira bhizinesi rezvipfuyo kuri kukonzera kukuvadza kusingagadzirike kune zvakasikwa uye maitiro ezvakatipoteredza ePasi.
Ivhu rakaputsika nenharaunda dzezvirimwa zvaparadzwa. Uye ipapo ndipo pane dambudziko. Imhosva yezvakatipoteredza kutsigira kupfuya zvipfuyo munyaya dzehupfumi, zvisinei nekuti vamiriri vezvipfuyo vanoti kudii.
Zvakatipoteredza Kusagadzikana - Kusagadzikana Kwehupfumi
Vamwe vangabvunza kuti kufudza kwakararama sei kwezvizvarwa zvakawanda kudai kuri kuparadza Madokero? Hazvisi nyore kupindura. Chekutanga, hufundisi hahurarame - hwave huchidzikira kwemakumi emakore. Ivhu harigone kutsigira zvipfuyo zvakawanda kudaro, goho rose renyika dzekumadokero kwadzikira nekuda kwekupfuya zvipfuyo. Uye vazhinji vevarimi vakachinja mabasa ndokutamira kuguta.
Zvisinei, hufundisi hunoramba huripo zvikurukuru nerubatsiro rukuru, zvose zviri zviviri zvoupfumi nezvakatipoteredza. Murimi wekuMadokero nhasi ane mukana wekukwikwidza mumusika wepasi rose nekuda kwerubatsiro rwehurumende. Vateresi vanobhadhara zvinhu zvakaita sekudzivirira mhuka, kurwisa sora, kudzivirira zvirwere zvezvipfuwo, drought mitigation, madiridziro anodhura anobatsira varimi vezvipfuyo.
Kune mamwe marubatsiro akanyanya kujeka uye asingaonekwe, sekupa masevhisi kumapurazi ane vanhu vashoma. Vateresi vanomanikidzwa kupa rubatsiro kuvarimi nekuvapa dziviriro, tsamba, mabhazi echikoro, kugadzirisa migwagwa, uye mamwe masevhisi eruzhinji anowanzo kudarika mutero wevaridzi veminda ava - muchikamu chikuru nekuti minda yekurima inowanzobhadhariswa mutero wavanoda, ndiko kuti, ivo. kubhadhara zvakanyanya zvishoma kana zvichienzaniswa nevamwe.
Dzimwe rubatsiro dzakaoma kuongorora, sezvo zvirongwa zvakawanda zvekubatsira mari zvakavanzwa nenzira dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, US Forest Service painoisa fenzi kuti mombe dzisapinda musango, mari yebasa racho inobviswa pabhajeti, kunyange zvazvo paisazodiwa fenzi kana mombe dzisipo. Kana kuti tora mamaira ose iwayo efenzi uchitevedza mugwagwa mukuru wokumadokero uchienda kurudyi kwenjanji dzinoitirwa kudzivirira mombe kuti dzisapinda mumugwagwa mukuru.
Unofunga kuti ndiani anobhadhara izvi? Kwete purazi. Rubatsiro rwepagore rwunopihwa kuvarimi vanorima muminda yeveruzhinji vasingasviki chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzana chevarimi vose vanochengeta zvipfuyo chinosvika mamiriyoni mazana mashanu emadhora. Kana tikaziva kuti mari iyi iri kubhadhariswa kubva kwatiri, taizonzwisisa kuti tinobhadhara zvikuru mahamburger, kunyange tikasaatenga.
Tiri kubhadharira vamwe varimi vekuMadokero kuti vawane minda yeveruzhinji - ivhu redu, uye kazhinji ivhu risina kusimba uye hupenyu hwezvirimwa hwakasiyana-siyana.
Rubatsiro rwekuparadza ivhu
Inenge maeka ese emunda anogona kushandiswa kumafuro ezvipfuyo anorejeswa nehurumende yemubatanidzwa kuvarimi vashoma, vachimiririra chikamu chimwe kubva muzana chevose vanogadzira zvipfuyo. Varume ava (nevakadzi vashoma) vanobvumidzwa kufudza zvipfuyo zvavo munzvimbo idzi pasina kana chinhu, kunyanya tichifunga nezvekukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Zvipfuyo zvinomonerera pamusoro pevhu nemahwanda azvo, zvichideredza kupinda kwemvura muvhu uye hunyoro hwayo. Kuchengetwa kwezvipfuyo kunoita kuti zvipfuyo zvibate mhuka dzesango izvo zvinoita kuti dzitsakatike munzvimbo yadzo. Kuchengeta mhuka kunoparadza zvinomera zvakasikwa uye kutsika zvitubu zvemvura, kusvibisa mitumbi yemvura, kuparadza hugaro hwehove nezvimwe zvisikwa zvakawanda. Chokwadi, mhuka dzepapurazi ndidzo huru mukuparara kwenzvimbo dzakasvibira dziri pedyo nemhenderekedzo dzinozivikanwa senzvimbo dzinogara mumhenderekedzo yegungwa.
Uye sezvo inopfuura 70-75% yemhuka dzesango dzekuMadokero dzichitsamira pane imwe nzvimbo pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, kukanganisa kwezvipfuyo mukuparadzwa kwenzvimbo yemahombekombe hakungove kunotyisa. Uye hazvisi zvishoma zvinokanganisa. Inosvika mazana matatu emamiriyoni mahekita enzvimbo yeruzhinji yeUS inorejeswa kuvarimi vezvipfuyo!
desert ranch
Zvipfuyo zvakare ndeimwe yevatengi vakuru vemvura kuMadokero. Kudiridzira kukuru kunodiwa kuti zvipfuyo zvibure chikafu. Kunyangwe muCalifornia, uko mizhinji yemiriwo nemichero yenyika inorimwa, minda yekudiridza inokura chikafu chezvipfuyo inobata muchanza maererano nehuwandu hwevhu rakatorwa.
Ruzhinji rwezviwanikwa zvemvura zvakagadziridzwa (madhamu), kunyanya kuMadokero, anoshandiswa kune zvinodiwa zvekurima kwekudiridza, kunyanya pakurima mbesa dzekudya. Zvechokwadi, mumatunhu gumi nemanomwe ekumadokero, kudiridza kunotora avhareji ye17% yezvese kubvisa mvura, 82% muMontana, uye 96% kuNorth Dakota. Izvi zvinozivikanwa kuti zvinobatsira mukutsakatika kwemarudzi emumvura kubva kuhozhwa kusvika kuhozhwa.
Asi rubatsiro rwezvehupfumi rwakajeka kana zvichienzaniswa nerubatsiro rwezvakatipoteredza. Zvipfuyo zvinogona kunge zviri mushandisi mukuru wevhu muUnited States. Pamusoro pemaeka mazana matatu emamiriyoni evhu anofudza zvipfuyo, kune 300 miriyoni maeka emafuro akazvimirira munyika yose anoshandiswa kufudza. Mukuwedzera, mazana emamiriyoni emaeka eminda anoshandiswa kugadzira zvokudya zvezvipfuwo.
Gore rakapera, somuenzaniso, mahekita anopfuura mamiriyoni 80 echibage akadyarwa muUnited States - uye zvizhinji zvezvirimwa zvichaenda kunofudza zvipfuwo. Saizvozvo, mbesa zhinji yesoya, mbeu yebhinzi, alfafa nezvimwe zvirimwa zvakarongerwa kukora zvipfuyo. Chokwadi minda yedu yakawanda haishandiswe kurima chikafu chevanhu, asi kurima chikafu chezvipfuyo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mazana emamiriyoni emaeka evhu nemvura akasvibiswa nemishonga yezvipembenene nemamwe makemikari nekuda kwehamburger, uye maeka mazhinji evhu anopera.
Uku kusimukira uye shanduko yemamiriro echisikigo haina kufanana, zvisinei, kurima hakuna kungokonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwemarudzi, asi kwakapotsa kwaparadza zvachose mamwe ecosystems. Semuenzaniso, 77 muzana yeIowa ikozvino inogoneka, uye 62 muzana muNorth Dakota uye 59 muzana muKansas. Saka, nzvimbo zhinji dzemapani dzakarasikirwa nezvinomera zvakakwirira uye zviri pakati nepakati.
Kazhinji, inosvika 70-75% yenzvimbo yepasi yeUnited States (kunze kweAlaska) inoshandiswa pakugadzira zvipfuyo mune imwe nzira kana imwe - yekurima zvirimwa zvefodya, mafuro epurazi kana mafuro ezvipfuyo. The ecological tsoka yeindastiri iyi yakakura.
Solutions: pakarepo uye kwenguva refu
Kutaura zvazviri, tinoda nzvimbo shoma zvinoshamisa kuti tiwane zvokudya zvedu. Miriwo yose inorimwa muUnited States inotora zvishoma kudarika mamiriyoni matatu mahekita emunda. Michero nenzungu zvinogara mamwe maeka mamiriyoni mashanu. Mbatata uye zviyo zvinorimwa pamamiriyoni makumi matanhatu mahekita evhu, asi zvinopfuura 60 muzana yezviyo, kusanganisira oats, gorosi, bhari uye zvimwe zvirimwa, zvinopihwa kuzvipfuwo.
Zviripachena, dai nyama yaibviswa pakudya kwedu, pangadai pasina shanduko yekuwedzera kudiwa kwezviyo nemiriwo. Nekudaro, nekusashanda zvakanaka kwekushandura zviyo kuita nyama yemhuka hombe, kunyanya mhou, chero kuwedzera kwemaeka akatsaurirwa kurima zviyo nemiriwo zvinozopesana nyore nekudzikira kukuru kwenhamba yemaeka anoshandiswa kupfuya mhuka.
Isu tatoziva kuti kudya kwemiriwo hakusi nani kune vanhu chete, asi kune pasi zvakare. Pane mhinduro dzakawanda dziri pachena. Zvokudya zvakadyarwa ndeimwe yematanho akanyanya kukosha anogona kutora chero munhu kusimudzira nyika ine hutano.
Mukushaikwa kwehuwandu hwekuchinja kwehuwandu kubva pakudya kwenyama kuenda kukudya kwemuriwo, pachine sarudzo dzinogona kubatsira pakuchinja nzira yekudya nekushandisa vanhu vekuAmerica. Sangano reNational Wildlife Refuge riri kuita mushandirapamwe wekuderedza kupfuyiwa kwezvipfuyo muminda yeveruzhinji, uye vari kutaura nezvenyaya yekuti vapfuye vapihwe mari muminda yeveruzhinji kuitira kuti vasapfuye kana kufudza zvipfuyo. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu veAmerica vasingasungirwi kutendera mombe kufura pane ipi zvayo yeminda yavo, chokwadi chezvematongerwo enyika ndechokuti kufudza hakuzorambidzwe, pasinei nekukuvadza kwazvinoita.
Chikumbiro ichi chine chekuita nezvematongerwo enyika. Izvi zvichaguma nekuburitswa kwemahekita anosvika 300 miriyoni evhu kubva kumafuro - nzvimbo inopeta netatu kukura kweCalifornia. Zvisinei, kubviswa kwezvipfuyo kubva kunyika dzehurumende hakuzoiti kuti kuderedzwa kukuru kwekugadzirwa kwenyama, nokuti chikamu chiduku chezvipfuyo chinogadzirwa munyika paminda yehurumende. Uye kana vanhu vangoona mabhenefiti ekudzikisa huwandu hwemhou, kudzikiswa kwekuberekesa kwadzo panzvimbo yega yega kuMadokero (nekumwewo) kungangoitika.
Nyika yemahara
Tichaitei nemaeka ese asina mombe aya? Fungidzira Madokero asina fenzi, mapoka enyati, elk, antelopes nemakondohwe. Fungidzira nzizi, dzakajeka uye dzakachena. Fungidzira mapere achitora nzvimbo zhinji dzekuMadokero. Chishamiso chakadaro chinogoneka, asi chete kana tikasunungura vazhinji vekuMadokero kubva kumombe. Sezvineiwo, ramangwana rakadaro rinogoneka panyika dzeveruzhinji.