Exophthalmos izwi rinoshandiswa kureva kubuda kweziso rimwe kana ose ari kunze kwenzira. Tinotaurawo nezvemaziso kana ziso rakaputika (s).

Ziso rinoratidzika rakakura, rakawanda "rakavhurika", iro rinogona kukanganisa kuvhara kweziso nekuwedzera kukonzeresa kusagadzikana. Exophthalmos haisi nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekukura kweziso, asi kuwedzera kwehukuru hwemasumbu kana zvivako mukati meziso (zvinogoneka kuvapo kwebundu muziso). orbit). Ziso rinoputika rinogonawo kutsauka uye richiita serinotarisa kune rimwe divi kubva kune ziso remazuva ose. Kazhinji kazhinji, zvisinei, maziso ose ari maviri anotapurwa.

Exophthalmos inogona kuparadzaniswa kana kubatanidzwa nezvimwe zviratidzo, zvakadai sekuderedzwa kwekuona acuity, maonero maviri (diplopia), kurwadziwa, kubwinya, nezvimwewo.

Exophthalmos inogona kuve yakajeka uye kushatisa, asi haisi nguva dzose inobuda pachena: inogonawo kuwanikwa panguva yekuongororwa kwemaziso.

Pane zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera exophthalmos: endocrine, bundu, kuzvimba, kushungurudza uye vascular.

Chiremba wemaziso achaongorora unilateral kana bilateral chimiro chechirwere, maitiro ayo (kukurumidza kana kwete), kana ziso rakatsauka kana kwete ("axillary" kana kwete-axillary character), uye kunzwa kwe "pulse" kana pulsation. muziso (pulsatile character).

Kazhinji, kungoerekana kwatanga exophthalmos kwakafanana nekushungurudzika kana chirwere chinopisa. Kana ichipinda zvishoma nezvishoma, inokonzerwa ne endocrine kana tumor pathology.

Hezvino zvikonzero zvinowanzoitika:

• Chirwere cheGraves: ichi chirwere chethyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) inowanzobva ku autoimmune. Izvo zvisina kunanga zvinokonzeresa kuzvimba kwematishu emboni yeziso, iyo inozvimba uye inoita kuti ziso ribude. Zvimwe zvirwere zvetachiona zvinogona kubatanidzwa (tinotaura nezve dysthyroid orbitopathy kazhinji: hyperthyroidism mu80% yezviitiko, hypothyroidism inenge 10%). Kazhinji kacho, exophthalmos inobatanidzwa kumativi maviri.
• carotid-cavernous fistula: ichi ndicho chikonzero chinowanzowanikwa apo exophthalmos iri unilateral uye pulsatile. Iko kutaurirana kusina kujairika pakati pemukati carotid uye cavernous sinus (venous formation iri pasi pedehenya), kazhinji nekuda kwekushungurudzika. Idambudziko rekukurumidzira mune zvekurapa, rinotoisa upenyu munjodzi.
• Traumatic exophthalmos: inoitika mushure mekuvhunduka (hematoma, kuputsika kweiyo orbit, nezvimwewo) kana kukuvadzwa kwemusoro.
• Infectious exophthalmos: izvi zvinowanzova migumisiro ye ethmoiditis, kureva kutapukirwa kwe ethmoid, pfupa riri pakati pezvigadziko zviviri zveziso. Zvinonyanya kubata vana nevachiri kuyaruka.
• Exophthalmos inoputika: chikonzero chavo hachizivikanwi nguva dzose, asi chinogona kubatanidzwa nezvimwe zvirwere zvehurongwa zvakadai sarcoidosis, periarteritis nodosa, chirwere cheWegener, kuputika kwevasculitis, nezvimwewo. .
• Tumor exophthalmos: imhaka yekuvapo kwebundu rakakura mumboni yeziso. Mhando dzakawanda dzemamota dzinogona kukanganisa nzvimbo iyi. Inogona zvakare kuve metastases kubva kune imwe saiti.

Pamusoro pechinhu chisina kunaka cheexophthalmos, chinogona kukanganisa kuona, kuperekedzwa nemarwadzo, matambudziko anoisa mungozi kuona… Naizvozvo zvakakosha kubvunza chiremba wako wemaziso nekukurumidza.

Izvi zvine midziyo yakawanda yekuongorora kuoma kwe exophthalmos. Kazhinji kazhinji, acharayira bvunzo dzekufungidzira (CT scan, MRI) kuti agadzirise kuongororwa.

Kurapa kwe exophthalmos kunoenderana nechikonzero. Kungava kurapwa kana kuvhiyiwa.

Muchiitiko chechirwere chetachiona, icho chinonyanya kukonzera, kutora antithyroid mushonga kwemwedzi inoverengeka kunowanzobatsira kudzorera mazinga ehomoni yetroroid. Kuvhiya kubviswa kwethyroid uye kutora radioactive iodine inogona zvakare kutaurwa, zvichienderana nenyaya.

Exophthalmos haisi nguva dzose inovandudza nekurapa: dzimwe nguva inotowedzera nayo. Kutora corticosteroids kunogona kubatsira, uye dzimwe nguva kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuratidzwa, mushure mekunge mazinga ehomoni adzorerwa.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko zve exophthalmos, zvichienderana nechikonzero, mhinduro dzakawanda dzinogona kufungwa. Zvigumisiro zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye chirwere chinokonzera.