Fornix (kubva kuLatin fornix, zvichireva areka) chimiro chehuropi, chiri cheiyo limbic system uye ichigonesa kubatanidza maviri ehuropi hemispheres.

nzvimbo. Fornix ndeyayo yepakati tsinga system. Inoita intra uye yepakati-hemispherical commissure, ndiko kuti chimiro chinoita kuti zvikwanise kubatanidza maviri ehuropi hemispheres, kuruboshwe uye kurudyi. Fornix iri pakati peuropi, pasi pecorpus callosum (1), uye inotambanuka kubva kumukoko kuenda kumamuiri mammillary erimwe nyika.

mamiriro. Iyo fornix inoumbwa nemitsipa yetsinga, kunyanya kubva kune hippocampus, chimiro chehuropi chiri mune yega hemisphere (2). Fornix inogona kuve yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvinoverengeka (1):

• Mutumbi wefornix, wakamira wakatwasanudzwa uye wakanamatidzwa pasi pezasi kweiyo corpus callosum, inoumba chikamu chepakati.
• Makoramu efornix, maviri muhuwandu, anomuka kubva mumuviri achienda kumberi kwehuropi. Aya makoramu anobva akomberedza pasi uye kumashure kuti asvike uye kugumisira pamiviri mamumbi, zvivakwa zveiyo hypothalamus.
• Mbiru dzefornix, mbiri muhuwandu, dzinomuka kubva mumuviri dzichienda kuseri kwehuropi. Danda rinobva pambiru imwe neimwe uye rinoiswa mukati meimwe nhambo yemukati kusvika kune hippocampus.

Mutambi weiyo limbic system. Fornix ndeya limbic system. Iyi sisitimu inobatanidza zvimiro zvehuropi uye inobvumidza kugadziriswa kwemanzwiro, mota uye ruzivo rwezvinomera. Iyo ine hunhu pamafambiro uye inobatanidzwawo mune yekumusoro maitiro (2) (3).

Yekudzikira, vascular kana bundu rakatangira, mamwe maratifomu anogona kukura uye kukanganisa iyo yepakati tsinga system uye kunyanya fornix.

Head trauma. Inoenderana nekuvhunduka dehenya uko kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwehuropi. (4)

Kurohwa. Tsaona yechiropa, kana sitiroko, inoratidzirwa nekuvharika kwechiropa cheropa, kusanganisira kuumbika kweropa kana kuputika kwechikepe.5 Aya mamiriro anogona kukanganisa mashandiro eforikisi.

Chirwere cheAlzheimer. Ichi chirwere chinoratidzwa nekushandurwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuziva pamwe nekurasikirwa kwendangariro kana kuderera kwesimba rekufunga. (6)

Chirwere cheParkinson. Inoenderana nechirwere cheeurodegenerative, ayo maratidziro ari kunyanya kudedera pazororo, kana kudzikira uye kudzikisira huwandu hwekufamba. (7)

Multiple sclerosis. Ichi chirwere chiri autoimmune chirwere chepakati tsinga. Iyo immune system inorwisa iyo myelin, iwo sheath wakakomberedza tsinga dzemagetsi, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kuita. (8)

Uturu hwebongo. Benign kana maronda akaipa anogona kukura muuropi uye kukanganisa kushanda kwefornix. (9)

Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwakawanikwa, mamwe marapirwo anogona kupihwa akadai seanorwisa-kupisa mishonga.

Thrombolyse. Inoshandiswa panguva yekurohwa, kurapwa uku kunosanganisira kupwanya iyo thrombi, kana kuwanda kweropa, nerubatsiro rwemishonga. (5)

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwehutachiona hwakaonekwa, kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, yakanangwa kurapwa. Zvichienderana nerudzi uye nhanho yebundu, aya marapirwo anogona kuitwa.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekiriniki kunoitwa kuitira kucherechedza uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvinoonekwa nemurwere.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. Kuti utarise fornix kukuvara, uropi scan kana iyo MRI yeuropi inogona kunyanya kuitwa.

biopsy. Uku kuongorora kunosanganisira muyero wemasero, kunyanya kuongorora mamota masero.

Lumbar kubaya. Iyi bvunzo inobvumira iyo cerebrospinal fluid kuti iongororwe.

Dunhu raPapez, rakatsanangurwa neAmerican neuroanatomist James Papez mu1937, mapoka pamwe chete zvese zvimiro zvehuropi zvakabatanidzwa mukuita kwemanzwiro, kusanganisira fornix. (10).