Maererano nomushumo unobva kuInternational Energy Agency, vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 6,5 vanofa gore negore nemhaka yokusvibiswa kwemhepo! Mushumo wa2012 weWorld Health Organization wakataura kuti vanhu vanofa mamiriyoni 3,7 pagore vane chokuita nokusvibiswa kwemhepo. Kuwedzera kwenhamba yevakafa pasina mubvunzo kunoratidza ukuru hwedambudziko uye kunoratidza kudikanwa kwechiito chekukurumidzira.
Maererano netsvagiridzo, kusvibiswa kwemhepo kuri kuve kwechina kukuru kutyisidzira hutano hwevanhu mushure mekudya kwakashata, kuputa uye BP.
Maererano nenhamba, ndufu dzinonyanya kukonzerwa nezvirwere zvemoyo zvakaita sehosha yemwoyo, sitiroko, chirwere chisingaperi chemapapu, kenza yemapapu uye hutachiona hwehutachiona hwepamoyo muvana. Nokudaro, kusvibiswa kwemhepo ndiyo carcinogen ine ngozi zvikuru pasi rose, uye inonzi ine ngozi zvikuru kupfuura kusvuta usingaiti.
Kufa kwakawanda nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo kunoitika mumaguta akakura nekukurumidza mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura.
7 pamaguta 15 ane mwero wepamusoro wekusvibiswa kwemhepo ari muIndia, nyika yakawana kukura kunokurumidza mumakore achangopfuura. India inovimba zvakanyanya nemarasha kune ayo ekuda simba, kazhinji ichishandisa kushandisa tsvina yakanyanyisa mhando dzemarasha kuchengetedza kumhanya kwebudiriro kuenda. MuIndia zvakare, kune mitemo mishoma kwazvo ine chekuita nemotokari, uye moto wemumigwagwa unogona kuwanzoonekwa uchiitika nekuda kwekupiswa kwemarara. Nemhaka yeizvi, maguta makuru anowanzofukidzwa neutsi. MuNew Delhi, nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo, avhareji yenguva yehupenyu inoderedzwa nemakore matanhatu!
Mamiriro ezvinhu ari kuwedzera nekusanaya kwemvura kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, izvo zviri kukonzera kuti huruva husimuke mumhepo.
MuIndia mose, kutenderera kwakashata kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kune mhedzisiro inotyisa. Semuyenzaniso, mazaya echando eHimalaya anopa mvura kuvanhu vanosvika mamirioni mazana manomwe mudunhu rese, asi kuburitsa uye kukwira kwetembiricha kuri kuita kuti zvinyunguduke zvishoma nezvishoma. Sezvavanoderera, vanhu vanoedza kutsvaka mamwe manyuko emvura, asi manyoro nenzizi zvinopwa.
Kuoma kwemanyoro kune ngozi zvakare nekuti guruva rinosvibisa mhepo rinosimuka kubva munzvimbo dzakaoma kuenda mumhepo - izvo, semuenzaniso, zvinoitika muguta reZabol kuIran. Dambudziko rakafanana riripo munzvimbo dzeCalifornia sezvo Gungwa reSalton riri kuoma nekuda kwekunyanya kushandiswa kwemvura nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Yaichimbova mvura inobudirira yava kushanduka kuita chigamba chisina chinhu, chiri kunetesa ruzhinji nezvirwere zvokufema.
Beijing iguta rine mukurumbira pasi rose nekuda kwekushanduka-shanduka kwemhepo. Imwe nyanzvi inozvidaidza kuti Hama Nut yakaita chiyedzo chinonakidza ipapo kuratidza mwero wekusvibiswa kwemhepo. Akatenderera neguta nemuchina wekutsvaira achisveta mhepo. Pashure pemazuva 100, akagadzira chidhinha nezvidimbu zvakayamwa nemuchina wekuchenesa. Nokudaro, akataurira nzanga chokwadi chinovhiringidza: munhu wose, achifamba-famba muguta, aigona kuunganidza kusvibiswa kwakafanana mumuviri wake.
MuBeijing, semumaguta ese, varombo vanonyanya kusvibiswa nemhepo nekuti havakwanise kutenga zvinhu zvinodhura zvekuchenesa uye vanowanzoshanda kunze, uko vanosangana nemhepo yakasviba.
Sezvineiwo, vanhu vari kuona kuti hazvibviri kutsungirira mamiriro aya zvakare. Kudaidzira kuita chiito kuri kunzwika pasi rose. Semuenzaniso, muChina, kune kuwedzera kwekufamba kwezvakatipoteredza, avo nhengo dzavo dzinopikisa mhepo inotyisa uye kuvakwa kwemiti mitsva yemarasha nemakemikari. Vanhu vari kuona kuti ramangwana rinenge riri munjodzi kunze kwekunge patorwa matanho. Hurumende iri kudaira kurudziro nekuyedza kugadzirisa hupfumi hwenyika.
Kuchenesa mhepo kunowanzo kuve kwakapfava sekupfuudza mitsva mitsva yekuburitsa mota kana kuchenesa marara munharaunda. Semuyenzaniso, New Delhi neNew Mexico dzakatora kudzora mota dzakasimba kuderedza utsi.
Sangano reInternational Energy Agency rakataura kuti kuwedzera kwe7% mukudyara kwegore negore mukugadzirisa magetsi kwakachena kunogona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwemhepo, kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zvingangodiwa.
Hurumende pasi rese hadzifanire kungobvisa mafuta efossil, asi kutanga kudzikisa zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwawo.
Chinetso chacho chinotova chokukurumidzira zvikuru apo munhu anorangarira kukura kunokarirwa kwemaguta mune ramangwana. Pakazosvika 2050, 70% yevanhu vachagara mumaguta, uye ne2100, huwandu hwepasi rose hunogona kukura nevanhu vanoda kusvika mabhiriyoni mashanu.
Hupenyu hwakawandisa huri panjodzi kuti varambe vachiverengera shanduko. Huwandu hwepasi pano hunofanirwa kubatana kurwisa kusvibiswa kwemhepo, uye mupiro wemunhu mumwe nemumwe uchave wakakosha!