hamu

tsananguro

Zvichienderana nenzira yekugadzirira, ham inogona kubikwa, yakabikwa-kusvuta, kusvuta-yakabikwa, isina kubikwa uye yakaoma-yakarapwa, uye musiyano pakati pemhando dzayo dzose unotsanangurwa panguva imwe chete nenzira yekugadzira nyama yenguruve, uye rudzi rwayo, uye nharaunda. mazano nezve yakanakisa mhando uye kuravira, sekunge neParma, semuenzaniso.

Chinhu chikuru chakasiyana: ham chinhu chisinga gadzirisike mukicheni chinogona kutsiva kana kuwedzera nyama, solo mune inopisa uye inotonhora madhishi, kana kunyatsoita basa rekushongedza.

Mhando dze ham

Yakabikwa ham

Hamu yakabikwa inowanzogadzirirwa kubva kune yenguruve ham pamwe nekuwedzera kwehanyanisi, karoti, midzi uye zvinonhuwira, uye zvisati zvaitika yakwegura mu brine, iyo inopa nyama kunyoroka uye kufanana.

Yakabikwa uye yakasvuta ham

Iyo yekugadzira tekinoroji iri seinotevera: yenguruve gumbo rakanyoroveswa mu marinade kana brine kwemaawa akati wandei, ndokuzoputa kwenguva yakareba, uye ndokuzobikwa nezvinonhuwira. Hamu yakabikwa-inopfungaira kazhinji ine ruvara rwepingi rwakachenuruka uye yegoridhe, yakashata.

Hamu "Sango Dema"

Nhema Sango ham idema Sango rakasvibirira rakapfungaira huni nekunhuhwirira kwakanyanya uye yakakora nhema-shava kutumbuka, iyo inoumbwa nekusvuta pa spruce sawdust nemakoni uye inotevera yekureba-kwenguva kugadziriswa pane yakanyanya tembiricha.

Bresaola ham

Bresaola inyanzvi inopora yeItaly yakagadzirwa kubva kune nyama yemombe yakachekwa iyo inokura mumhepo nyowani kwevhiki sere uye inotora kunaka kwakanaka. Pamba muLombardy, bresaola inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira carpaccio.

Turkey ham

Turkey fillet, segumbo renguruve, yakanyoroveswa mumarinade kana brine kwemaawa akawanda, mushure mezvo yakabikwa nekuwedzera kwemishonga uye zvinonhuwira. Turkey ham yakaderera-mafuta, ingangoita chikafu.

serrano ham

Serrano ham ndiye ham mumwe chete, zvinopesana neIberian mumhando yenguruve uye chikafu chavo. Iyo serrano jamon ine hoof chena, kwete nhema.

york ham

Gumbo renguruve mukugadzirwa kweiyo chaiyo York ham inotanga kuomeswa munyu, isina kunyura mubhureti, uye ndokuputa nekuomeswa, izvo zvinoita kuti nyama inyanye uye igare zvekuti inogona kutobikwa.

Kusvuta ham

Anenge mhando dzese dzehamu hadziputi zvishoma zvinopisa uye kutonhora, uye, mune yakachipa shanduro, ine utsi hwemvura. Chidimbu chidiki che ham, chakashumwa nehanyanisi, chinowedzera hutsi hunopfungaira kune yako muto kana kumutsa-fry.

Kusvuta ham papfupa

Hamu papfupa ane rakapfuma uye rakaomarara kuravira, nekuti mapfupa panguva yekugadzirisa zvinowedzera kunaka uye kunatsa nyama. Izvo zvinodikanwa kutema nyama yakadaro zvakanyatsonaka: pfupa rinowanzo nyorovesa zvekuti rino gumbuka uye rinogona kupinda muchikafu.

Parma ham

Parma ham iyi yakaoma-yakaporeswa nyama kubva kuParma, iyo kugadzirwa kwayo kunongoshandiswa chete mhando nhatu dzenguruve, dzakakura zvakanyanya mumatunhu eCentral kana kuchamhembe kweItari, zvitunha zvinorema anosvika zana nemakumi mashanu makirogiramu. Iyo nyama inochengeterwa mune yakakosha brine kwevhiki nhatu, uye ndokuzoomeswa mugomo mhepo kwemwedzi gumi nemaviri. Nekuda kwekurapwa uku, gumbo renguruve rinorema 150-10 kilograms rakadzikiswa huremu kusvika kunomwe.

Hamu

Prosciutto muchiItaly zvinoreva "ham" - uye kunze kwe ham pachayo uye munyu (uye mhepo yakachena yegomo) hapana chimwe chinhu chinoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kweprosciutto.

Hamu

Jamon, kana ham yeIberian, ndiyo inonyanya kudyiwa nyama yeSpanish, uye mugadziri wayo mukuru ndiJamón de Trevélez. Muna 1862, Mambokadzi Isabella II weSpain akaravira Treveles jamon uye akabvumira ham kuti idhindwe nekorona yake. Guta reTreveles riri pakakwirira mamita zana nemazana maviri, uye, kunze kwemunyu, mweya uye nyama yenguruve, hapana zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwerudzi urwu rweyakaomeswa ham.

Unobatsira maficha

Hamu hachisi chikafu chine hutano. Inomutsa chishuwo chekudya, chikafu chinovaka muviri uye chinovaka muviri chinowanzo kuwanikwa patafura yemafaro. Kunyangwe vane ruvengo vanodya vanovenga havakwanisi kuramba yakanakisa kuravira kweham.

Kukuvadza uye kupesana

Zvigadzirwa zvenyama zvakarapwa uye kusvuta, kana zvichishungurudzwa, zvinobatsira pakuitika kwezvirwere zvisingaperi zvepulmonary. Masayendisiti eAmerica akawana kuti vanhu vanosarudza ham, soseji yakasvibirira yakasvuta uye soseji, bhekoni vanowanzoita emphysema uye kusingaperi kuzvimba kwebronchi.

KuColumbia University, vaongorori vakaongorora vatori vechikamu 7,352. Zera revatori vechikamu muchidzidzo rakaenzana makore makumi matanhatu neshanu. Mubvunzo wemibvunzo waisanganisira mibvunzo ine chekuita nekudya kwevanhu.

Sekureva kwemaneja wepurojekiti Rui Jiang, zvakazoitika kuti vanhu vanodya zvigadzirwa zvenyama kanopfuura ka14 pamwedzi vane 78% mukana wekutambura nechirwere chisingaperi chemapapu. Uye kana kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvenyama kunoderedzwa kusvika 5-13 nguva pamwedzi, mukana wezvirwere unowedzera chete kusvika ku50% mukuenzanisa nevanhu vasingadyi zvigadzirwa izvi.

Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nenyaya yekuti nitrites inowedzerwa kune zvigadzirwa zvenyama zvakadai sekuchengetedza, antimicrobial agents uye kugadzirisa ruvara. Uye kuwandisa kwezvinhu izvi kunogona kukanganisa mapapu.

Hamu kuumbwa

• Mapuroteni 53.23%
• Mafuta 33.23%
• Carbohydrate 13.55%
• Simba remagetsi: 180 kilocalories

Mushonga wemakemikari we ham unoratidzwa nehuwandu hwemapuroteni, mafuta, madota, mavitamini (A, B1, B3, B5, B9, B12, C), macro- (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus) uye microelements. (simbi, manganese, mhangura, zingi, selenium).

Maitiro ekusarudza

Paunenge uchisarudza ham, pane akati wandei zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo. Chekutanga pane zvese, iko kutaridzika kweiyi nyama inonaka. Iyo inomiririra inofanira kunge isina kukuvara, yakaoma, yakatsetseka uye yakachena, yakanyatso kukodzera kune zvirimo. Uye zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kuteerera kune yavo mhando. Vagadziri parizvino vanoshandisa zvakasikwa kana zvakagadzirwa casings.

Yekutanga inodyiwa uye ine imwe yehutano kukosha, uye mukuwedzera inobvumira zvirimo "kufema". Panguva imwecheteyo, yakasikwa-yakasikwa ham ine pfupi pfupi pasherufu hupenyu. Iko kusakosha kukuru kweiyo yekumisikidza casing ndiko kuomesa kwayo, nekuda kwekuti hunyoro hunoumbika pasi payo, iyo inogona kukanganisa zvakashata iyo organoleptic zvimiro zve ham.

Chimwe chinhu pakusarudza ham ndiyo ruvara uye kufanana kwekucheka kwayo. Izvo zvemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa zvinosiyaniswa ne dim mimvuri yemwenje mutsvuku, pasina chero grey mavara. Mukuwedzera, iwe unofanirwa kuterera kune kunhuhwirira. Iyo ham ine hunhu hwemunhuhwi, pasina chero tsvina.

chengetedzo

Hupenyu hwesherufu hwe ham hunosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira, izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa, mhando yekasi uye nemhando yekupakata. Iyo yakakwana tembiricha yekuchengetedza iyi nyama inonaka ndeye 0-6 degrees Celsius.

Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro uye mukushaikwa kwekukuvara kune iyo casing, inogona kuchengetedza ayo ese epakutanga organoleptic hunhu kwemazuva gumi neshanu. Hupenyu hwesherufu hunogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kumazuva makumi matatu kana iyo ham ichando. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kuti uone imwe tembiricha hutongi - isingasviki kudarika 15 degrees Celsius.

Chii chinonzi ham chakabatanidzwa ne

Hamu inofamba zvakanaka nekudya kwakawanda, kunyanya miriwo (mbatatisi, makabheji, makarotsi, nyemba), howa, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvakaviriswa, zvakabikwa uye pasta, mashizha ane mashizha, pamwe nezvinwiwa zvisina doro uye zvine doro.

Italian ham kumba

30 KUSHANDIRA ZVINOGONESESA

• Nguruve gumbo 2
• Makonzo 15
• YEMAHARA:
• Mvura 1
• Rosemary yakaoma 5
• Basil 5
• Garlic 15
• Mhiripiri 5
• Anise 2
• Gungwa munyu zana
• Munyu 5

Nzira yekubika

Hamu ndiye munhu wese anofarira nyama dhishi. Hamu inogona kupihwa patafura yemafaro, pamwe nekuwedzera iyo menyu yemhuri nayo mukati mevhiki. Kunyangwe iwe uchikwanisa kutenga ham pane chero chitoro, kuravira kwenyama yakagadzirirwa kumba hakugone kuenzaniswa nayo. Kana wabika ham kumba, unogona kuva nechivimbo che100% muhunhu hwenyama nezvinonhuwira, nekuti iro runyorwa harizove nezvinochengetedza uye zvimwe zvinokuvadza zvinowedzera. Italian ham inofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya, zvinobva zvave zvakanyanya kunhuhwirira uye zvine muto.

1. Gadzirira brine. Dururira huwandu hunodiwa hwemvura muhombodo, uitumire kumoto. Kana mvura yavira, wedzera basil rakaomeswa uye rosemary, hafu anise nyeredzi, nhema peppercorns. Svuura gariki, cheka rimwe nerimwe revhavha muzvikamu zvakati wandei, ugozvitumira mushure mezvinonhuwira. Birai brine kwemaminetsi maviri kusvika matatu, wozotonhorera zvachose. Sefa iyo yakanyoroveswa brine kuburikidza nesefa. Dururira gungwa uye nitrite munyu mune inotonhora brine.
2. Shamba nyama yenguruve pasi pemvura inoyerera, tumira kune firiji apo brine iri kutonhora. Mushure memaawa 3-4, brine inofanira kupora zvachose. Iye zvino tinonamira clove pamusoro penzvimbo yese yenyama. Isu tinoisa brine mujekesheni yekubika uye nekuisa nyama yenguruve nayo kumativi ese maviri. Isu tinoisa nyama mupoto, izadze neakasara brine.
3. Fukidza nendiro kana muvharo wediki dhayamita kuti nyama inyatsonyudzwa mubhureti. Tinosiya kwemaawa makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemaviri mufiriji. Munguva iyi yenguva, isu tinopota tichitora nyama yacho nekuikwiza nemaoko edu kuti brine ipararire pamwe nekukwanisika kuburikidza nemicheka.
4. Ikozvino nyama inoda kusvinwa zvakanaka. Kune izvi tinoshandisa tubular bhandiji. Isu tinoisa chimedu chenguruve mukati mayo, sunga magumo kumativi ese maviri. Tinorembera mukamuri rine mweya wakakwana. Iko tembiricha yekamuri inofanirwa kunge ingangoita 15-17 degrees. Kana iri zhizha kunze, unogona kuiturika, semuenzaniso, mune yepasi. Tinobva panzvimbo iyi kwemaawa masere.
5. Mushure mekunge nguva yaidiwa yapera, isa nyama muchoto pachigadziko chewaya, isa chigadziko chekuunganidza muto pasi pezasi. Isu tinoisa tembiricha kusvika ku50 degrees. Isu tinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kupisa kusvika ku80 degrees. Kupisa mukati me ham yakapedzwa hakufaniri kudarika 75 degrees. Naizvozvo, tinoshandisa culinary thermometer. Kubika kwakareba, nyama inoshandisa maawa masere muchoto, zvirinani. Zvadaro regai ham itonhorere, iisiye mufiriji kwemaawa 8-8.

Edza! Izvi zvinoshamisa!