Mhuka dzine kodzero yekurarama here? Mubhuku rake idzva, Lesser Brothers: Our Commitment to Animals, purofesa wehuzivi hweHarvard Christine Korsgiard anoti vanhu havakoshi kupfuura dzimwe mhuka.
Mudzidzisi paHarvard kubvira 1981, Korsgiard anonyanya kukoshesa nyaya dzine chekuita nehuzivi hwetsika nenhoroondo yayo, sangano, uye hukama pakati pemunhu nemhuka. Korsgiard agara achitenda kuti vanhu vanofanira kubata mhuka zviri nani pane zvavanoita. Anga achidya miriwo kwemakore anopfuura makumi mana uye achangobva kuenda vegan.
“Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti vanhu vanongokosha kupfuura dzimwe mhuka. Ndinobvunza kuti: Ndiani anonyanya kukosha? Tingave takakosha kwatiri, asi hazvikodzere kubata mhuka sekunge hadzina kukosha kwatiri, pamwe nedzimwe mhuri kana zvichienzaniswa nemhuri yedu pachedu,” akadaro Korsgiard.
Korsgiard aida kuita kuti musoro wetsika dzemhuka uwanikwe pakuverenga kwemazuva ese mubhuku rake idzva. Kunyangwe kukwira kwemusika wenyama yevegan uye kukwira kwenyama yemagetsi, Korsgiard anoti haana tarisiro yekuti vanhu vazhinji vari kusarudza kuchengeta mhuka. Zvisinei, kunetseka pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kubatsira mhuka dzakasimudzirwa kudya.
“Vanhu vakawanda vane hanya nekuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi, asi izvi hazvina kufanana nekubata mhuka imwe neimwe tsika. Asi kufunga nezvemibvunzo iyi kwaita kuti vanhu vafunge nezvemabatiro atinoita mhuka, uye zvinotarisirwa kuti vanhu vachafunga zvakawanda pamusoro pezvinhu izvi,” akadaro purofesa wacho.
Korsgiard haisi yega mukufunga kuti kudya kwezvirimwa kwakagadzira kufamba kwakasiyana nekodzero dzemhuka. Nina Geilman, Ph.D. muSociology paHarvard Graduate School of Arts neScience, muongorori mumunda weveganism, izvo zvakakonzera zvakashandurwa kuita munda wehutano hwakanaka uye hunogara huripo: "Kunyanya mumakore apfuura 3-5 makore, veganism zvechokwadi akatendeuka kubva kuhupenyu hwekufamba kwekodzero dzemhuka. Nekuuya kwesocial media uye zvinyorwa, vanhu vazhinji vari kuwana rumwe ruzivo rwezvavanoisa mumiviri yavo, zvese maererano nehutano, pamwe nemhuka uye nharaunda.
Kodzero yekurarama
Murwiri wekodzero dzemhuka Ed Winters, anozivikanwa zviri nani paIndaneti saEarthman Ed, nguva pfupi yadarika akashanyira Harvard kunobvunzurudza vadzidzi vepakambasi nezvekukosha kwehunhu hwemhuka.
“Kodzero youpenyu inorevei kuvanhu?” akabvunza muvhidhiyo. Vazhinji vakapindura kuti ndihwo njere, manzwiro uye kukwanisa kutambura zvinopa vanhu kodzero yekurarama. Winters akazobvunza kana mirangariro yedu yetsika ichifanira kuva pamusoro pemhuka.
Vamwe vakavhiringidzika mukati mebvunzurudzo, asi paivawo nevadzidzi vaifunga kuti mhuka dzinofanira kubatanidzwa mukurangarirwa kwetsika, vachitsanangura kuti ikoku imhaka yokuti vanowana kurukurirano dzenzanga, mufaro, kusuruvara uye kurwadziwa. Winters akabvunzawo kana mhuka dzichifanirwa kubatwa sevanhu kwete midziyo, uye kana paine nzira yehutsika yekuuraya nekushandisa zvimwe zvipenyu sechinhu chisingashandiswe.
Winters akabva ashandura pfungwa dzake kunzanga yemazuva ano ndokubvunza kuti "kuuraya kwevanhu" kunorevei. Mudzidzi akati inyaya ye "pfungwa dzemunhu". Winters akapedzisa nhaurirano iyi nekukumbira vadzidzi kuti vatarise nzvimbo dzekuurayira padandemutande kuti vaone kana dziri kuenderana nehunhu hwavo, achiwedzera kuti "patinoziva zvakanyanya, tinowedzera kukwanisa kuita sarudzo tichiziva."