Mukati
Movement pamusoro pechando nechando ine zvinhu zvakawanda. Rudzi urwu rwekufambisa, senge aerosleigh, inosanganisa akawanda mabhenefiti. Zvisinei, panewo zvazvakaipira. Iwe unogona kugadzira snowmobile nemaoko ako pachako, uchishandisa nhamba huru yezvinhu zviripo, yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa zvikamu. Panguva imwecheteyo, ivo havazove vakaipisisa kupfuura akawanda maindasitiri analogues.
Paunenge uchigadzira wega kubva pakatanga chero mudziyo, iwe unofanirwa kutanga wapedzisa dhizaini purojekiti. Iwowo, wakakamurwa kuva nhanho ina
- Dhizaini yemamiriro ehunyanzvi, maitiro;
- Chikumbiro chehunyanzvi, padanho rekuti pane kurongeka kwechigadzirwa;
- Dhizaini dhizaini, uko kudhirowa kwechigadzirwa uye zvikamu zvaro zvine maverengero anodiwa anoitwa;
- Chinyorwa chekushanda umo madhirowa echigadzirwa anoitwa achifunga nezvezviyero zvazvino, magungano atove aripo, michina, uye kugona kwemugadziri.
Sezvingatarisirwa, munhu anozviitira muwekishopu haazopedzi madhirowa ese zvakadzama, uye dzidzo kazhinji haibvumire. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kuyedza kugadzira angangoita mamwe madhirowa uye kuverenga, kunyanya kana zvasvika kune yakaoma off-nzira zvishandiso, senge snowmobiles.
Kufambisa basa
Iyo yekutanga parameter inofanirwa kuverengerwa ndeyekufamba misa ye sled, G. Inosanganisira huremu hwechireyi pachayo, kutakura uye vatakuri, uye mafuta mumatangi akazadzwa kusvika pakukwanisa. Iyi parameter inotarirwa anenge, zvinokurudzirwa kuti usarudze pamatanho ekutanga nediki diki. Mukuverenga kwekutanga, munhu anofanira kutanga kubva pakuti uremu hwechireyi hahupfuuri makirogiramu gumi nemana pane imwe bhiza rejini, saka inogona kutsanangurwa zvakanyanya.
Kana iwe uchida kugadzira snowmobiles yeimwe kutakura kutakura, saka iwe unogona kutora serial samples uye uone kufamba kwavo. Zvakare, zviri nani kuitora ine margin, kunyanya padanho rekutanga rekugadzira. Zvinogara zviri nyore kuverenga zvakare kune mitoro midiki pane yakakura.
Thrust-to-weight ratio
Chechipiri parameter ireshiyo yekukanda-ku-huremu, iyo dynamic coefficient D. Inotariswa nereshiyo yekukwevera kugona kune hukuru hwekufora, D = T / G. Iyi coefficient haifanirwe kuve isingasviki 0.25, inodikanwa kuitora kutenderedza 0.3. Iyo thrust-to-uremu reshiyo inoratidza kuti inokurumidza sei iyo snowmobile inokwanisa kufamba, kumhanyisa, kukunda kukwira uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi. Kudhonza simba uye uremu hwekufamba zvinotorwa mumakirogiramu.
Mune fomula yapfuura, iyo thrust parameter T yakashandiswa. Inotemerwa zvichibva pane injini simba uye propeller paramita uchishandisa akati wandei mafomula. Iyo yakapfava ndeye kana iyo chaiyo kusundirwa kwepropeller ichizivikanwa mumakirogiramu pabhiza simba, T=0.8Np. Pano N ndiyo simba reinjini, p ndiyo chaiyo yekumhanyisa simba mumakirogiramu pabhiza.
Unogona kuona simba rekudhonza neimwe fomula inozoshanda kune akawanda akajairwa maviri- kana matatu-bladed propellers, T=(33.25 0.7 N d)²/3. Pano N isimba rakayerwa, d ndiyo dhayamita yepropeller mumamita, 0.7 icoefficient inoenderana nehunhu hwepropeller. Kune akajairwa screws ndeye 0.7, kune vamwe inogona kusiyana.
Zvimwe Zvikamu
Humwe hunhu hwakadai serenji, kumhanya, kukwira uye kudzika kuchave zvakanyanya kutsamira pane yakasarudzwa injini, tangi simba uye ine simba coefficient. Zvakakodzera kutarisisa nzvimbo yeu0.1bu0.2bthe skis kuitira kuti kudzvanywa kwavo pachando kusapfuure XNUMX-XNUMX kg / sq. cm, uye kana vakagadzirirwa kufamba pamusoro peaizi, ita amphibious snowmobile kana paine mazaya echando. Muchina wakadaro unobatsirawo pakuredza kwechirimo kana uchifamba pakati pemakwenzi emaruva emvura, zvikasadaro propeller inovaputira pachayo uye nekupwanya. Mazaya echando akafanana anoshandiswa ne Ministry of Emergency Situations kununura vanhu kubva muchando muchirimo.
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kugadzirwa kwemasnowmobiles makuru evanhu vanoverengeka kunogoneka chete kana injini ine simba inoshandiswa. Iyo pachayo, kushandiswa kwayo kunowedzera mutengo wechimiro kakawanda pamusoro, uye kushandiswa kwemafuta mumasnowmobiles akadaro kuchave kwakakura kwazvo. Izvi zvinogumisa madhizaini epamba maererano nekuchengetedza mari. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwepeturu ne serial snowmobiles kuvanhu 5-6 kunopfuura 20 litres paawa, uye vanofamba nekumhanya kusvika ku100 km / h panzvimbo yechando, pachando - kusvika 60-70.
Zviratidzo zvekufamba zvemazaya echando akadaro anozofananidzwa nekugona kuyambuka-nyika kwechimota chechando chekutakura kwakafanana. Zvisinei, ivo vachava nekukwira kushoma, kubata kwakaipisisa, kusakwanisa kuenda nekumhanya kwakaderera kuburikidza nemiti uye maneuverability kuchava kwakaderera kune snowmobile. Kana ukaronga kufamba nemusango wechando, zvino zviri nani kushandisa snowmobile.
Masnowmobiles ane simba shoma anogona kugadzirwa ega. Vazhinji vanozviitira iwe pachako vanogadzira snowmobiles ine lifan injini, chainsaws dzakagadzirirwa imwe uye dzinoshanda zvinobudirira.
Snowmobile yekuredza
Zvakanaka, kana vari:
- Iva nemafungiro akanaka
- Iva nemudziyo unobviswa wepropulsion ine simba rekugadzirisa zvakare muchikepe muzhizha
Kana iyo snowmobile inogona kushandiswa sechikepe chakazara, saka hapana chikonzero chekubvisa injini yenguva yezhizha.
Chaizvoizvo, mota dzechando dzinogadzirwa nevanofarira hove mumaruwa, vanogara pedyo nenzvimbo huru dzemvura. Zvinonyanya kunzwisisika kuvashandisa munguva yechirimo pachando chakajeka, apo chifukidziro chechando pairi chishoma. Pane nharo dzakanaka kwazvo dzekusiya dhizaini yeski, uye pazasi kuti ushandise yakasarudzika mbabvu nhatu kune inoyerera.
Panguva imwecheteyo, mbabvu dzakaoma dzinoitwa dzakasimbiswa kuitira kuti dzigone kuita basa rema skates. Kana paine mvura pachando, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kufamba. Panguva imwecheteyo, mazaya echando anosvika kune inenge yakazara-yakazara gliding modhi, ichideredza kushorwa kwenharaunda. Muzhizha, chikepe chakadaro chichava chikepe chakazara nepamusoro-soro yegungwa - kukunda zviduku zvakaputika uye kuputika kwerwizi hazvizove dambudziko kwaari seyezvikepe zvakajairika.
Zvisinei, hazvina kunaka kushandisa "Kazanka" kana yekare "Kufambira mberi" kwezvinhu zvakadaro. Chokwadi ndechekuti pasi pavo hachina simba rakakwana. Hungu, uye kuderera kuchatambura. Uye kubva pakurohwa kwakaoma, pasi ichadonha zvakanyanya. Dhizaini yeakawanda emazuva ano mazaya echando uye mabhoti emhepo ekuredza anosanganisira kuvepo kweiyo pasi yakaoma, iyo ine inflatable deki ine polyk. Saka, kuvhunduka kunoitika panguva yekufamba. Mamwe magadzirirwo anofanirwa kucherechedzwa seasina kunyanya kufanira.
Budget snowmobiles: kugadzira maitiro
Izvi zvinotevera zvinotsanangura zvakajairwa mazaya echando e classical ski kuvaka ane furemu. Inogona kushandiswa kubata hove, kuvhima uye nzendo dzemunhu mumwe.
furemu
Kugadzirwa kwechimiro chechando chechando kunofanira kuvapa huremu hwakareruka. Kazhinji chikamu chezasi chechimiro chinogadzirwa kuitira kuti chikwanise chigaro ipapo, rectangular kana trapezoidal chimiro. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uiise zvishoma pamberi pepakati, sezvo imwe injini, matangi, propeller, mikwende ichawedzerwa, uye zvinodikanwa kuisa pakati pesimba regiravhiti pakati pechimiro. Izvi zvinoteverwa nekugadzirwa kwefuremu yeinjini, kutapurirana uye propeller. Iyo inogadzirwa katatu, kumusoro kuchava kutakura iyo iyo lead screw inotenderera.
Iyo screw frame inofanira kunge yakasimba seyakadzika pasi. Inofanira kumira mitoro yakakomba, nokuti simba rinoisa motokari yechando mukufamba rinoshandiswa kwairi.
Iyi furemu ine magussets akafara muchimiro chetsvimbo dzakanamirwa pamakona matatu uye kuenda kumberi. Hazvidikanwi kutora chigaro kumashure, sezvo izvi zvichakanganisa kutenderera kwepropeller.
Iyo furemu zvinhu inosarudzwa kubva kune gobvu reinforced polypropylene mapaipi. Aya mapaipi anopa simba rinogutsa, asi nekufamba kwenguva vanogona kurasikirwa nechimiro chavo pasi pemutoro. Kana zvichibvira, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa aluminium pombi uye kuibatanidza ne spurs, tees. Aluminium majoini ekushongedza kumba chinhu chakaoma, uye kunyangwe pamberi peArgon welding inorasikirwa nesimba kune yekubatanidza kune masikweya.
Screw uye injini
Injini yakasimba yeLifan 168f-2 ina-stroke inoshandiswa. Injini dzechina-stroke dzinotanga zvishoma zvakanyanya mukutonhora kwekunze, asi dzakanyanya kunyarara. Ipurasitiki yekuwedzera gasi tangi kubva pakufamba-kuseri kwetirakita inoshandiswa. Nechega, chiyero chesimba-ku-huremu chakakwana zvakakwana kune snowmobile ine huremu hwekufamba hunosvika 500-600 kilogram.
Iyo propeller inogadzirwa yakazvimiririra, maviri-bladed, ine dhayamita yemamita 1.5, yakawedzerwa maererano nemifananidzo yemhando dzendege. Kugadzira sikuruu ibasa rakaoma uye rinoda hunyanzvi hwekuveza. Mukuwedzera, iwe uchada huni kubva kune maple, hornbeam, beech, ridged Karelian birch kana imwe matanda akasimba, akaoma. Kana zvichibvira, zviri nani kutenga aluminium screw ine akafanotemerwa maitiro kubva muchitoro.
Kubva painjini kusvika kune screw, giya rekudzikisa rinoshandiswa pamabhandi ane chiyero che1: 3 kubva pamushini wehuni, ine tension roller. Nekusarudzwa kwemamodhi ekumhanyisa emota dzechando, zvese zvinosuruvarisa, uye zvakaoma kutaura nezve giya bhokisi pano nekuda kwekuti iyo propeller pachayo inongoshanda zvinobudirira pakumhanya kwakaringana, uye kudzidzikisa hakuwedzere kutsika, pa zvinopesana.
Kurongeka, skiing uye kubata
Chigaro chiri pakarepo pamberi pejini, pasi payo pane hunde. Imwe hunde yekuwedzera inowanikwa pedyo nemakumbo. Injini inodzorwa negasi uye clutch pedals. Iwe unogona kuzvitora kubva mumotokari yekare uye unozvibatanidza kune injini netambo.
Kune maviri ekuwedzera mabatiro kumberi. Iwo akabatanidzwa netambo nemberi peya skis, iyo inogona kutendeukira kuruboshwe, kurudyi pane yakatwasuka svutugadzike inotakura, uye zvakare synchronously neinotungamira mireza, ayo ari maviri maviri kuseri kwekuruboshwe uye kurudyi kwepropeller. Mubato wekuruboshwe unodzora rutivi rworuboshwe, rworudyi runodzora rworudyi. Iwo anogona kushandiswa akazvimirira, uye kana braking, zvakakwana kuunza skis uye mireza mukati nekukwevera mabatiro ese akananga kwauri.
Iyo snowmobile ine maskis mana, maviri kumberi uye maviri kumashure. Kumberi maviri skis mapfupi, akagadzirwa nesimbi yealloy. Iyo miviri yekumashure yakareba, yakagadzirwa nepurasitiki. Iyo yekumashure skis inotora chikamu mukutyaira snowmobile. Skis inoiswa pazvitsigiro zvetriangular yakakosha, ine svutugadzike uye inotungira kumberi.
Painting uye zvigadziriso zvemwenje
Iyo snowmobile inofanirwa kuvezwa muvara wakajeka unozoonekwa kubva kure muchando. Inogona kuva tsvuku, tsvuku, yebhuruu, yepepuru kana chero ipi zvayo yakafanana. Uyewo iva nechokwadi chekupenda prop guard zvakajeka, zvichida ruvara rwakasiyana nemuviri mukuru wesnowmobile. Kazhinji orenji inoshandiswa pakupenda.
Pamidziyo yekuvhenekesa, zvakakosha kuisa marambi emakaka, pamwe nemwenje pane propeller - yakasvibira kuruboshwe kwayo munzira yekufamba, uye tsvuku kurudyi. Mwenje wemberi unofanira kuva nesimba rakakwana. Ichokwadi ndechokuti nguva yemasikati muchando ipfupi, uye kufamba chete masikati machena kazhinji hazvibviri.
Kuti uchengetedze uremu, marambi emusoro uye mwenje zvinofambiswa nebhatiri rinochajiswa zvakasiyana kubva kune snowmobile usati wakwira, kubvisa kudiwa kwejenareta system.
Kazhinji, bhatiri rinogara kwemaawa 3-4 ekufamba, izvo zvakakwana kuti uende kumba murima. Kana iwe uchida kuzvidzivirira kuitira kuti magetsi apise usiku hwose kana iwe ukarasika, unogona kukurudzira kuisa mabheti ekuvhenekera kubva kumudhudhudhu wekare.
Nguva Yekushandisa Airsleds
Ehe, pakushandiswa kwemazaya echando mumamiriro akanyanya kuti ave nechokwadi chehupenyu hwemusha kana munhu, hapana mvumo inodiwa. Kuti uvakwire pamusoro peaizi, kwaunogona kusangana nemuongorori wekudzivirira hove, kutyaira kunyangwe mumigwagwa ine chando isina kuvhurika, iwe uchafanirwa kunyoresa kune zviremera zveTechnical Supervision.
Iyi inzira yakaoma uye yakareba. Iwe unozofanirwa kuwana chitupa chekuchengetedza, dhizaini yekuongorora kuverenga. Mutengo weiyo maitiro pachawo unofuratira maitiro ekugadzira mazaya echando ega kuitira kuchengetedza mari. Iwe haugone kuita pasina kunyoresa, sezvo saizi yeinjini yavo kazhinji kubva ku150 cubes. Iwe haugone kuseta diki, haingodhonza propeller. Kuti ushandise snowmobile, unozofanirwa kuwana rezinesi rekutyaira rakakosha.
Naizvozvo, kazhinji, mota dzechando haisi iyo yakanakisa sarudzo kune ese-yepasi mota, zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehutongi. Chikonzero chechipiri ndechekuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta, kunyanya muchando chakadzika uye muchando chakapfava panguva yekunyorova. Kuenzaniswa nemota yechando ine marongerwo egonye, mota dzechando dzinodya 1.5-2 nguva yakawanda mafuta kune zvimwe chete zvinodiwa. Chechitatu kusakwanisa kupfuura nemusango.
Naizvozvo, mazaya echando, kunyangwe ari nzira yakapusa uye yakavimbika yekufambisa, haisi nguva dzose sarudzo yakanaka kune avo vanoda kuve neyavo-yese-yepasi mota-snowmobile, kunyanya kune mubati wehove angave achifarira kubata hove.