Jacques-Louis David: pfupi Biography, mifananidzo uye vhidhiyo

😉 Kwaziso kuvaverengi venguva dzose uye vatsva! Muchinyorwa ichi chipfupi "Jacques-Louis David: A Brief Biography, Mifananidzo" - nezvehupenyu hwemupendi wechiFrench, mumiriri mukuru weFrench neoclassicism mukupenda. Makore ehupenyu 1748-1825.

Jacques-Louis David: Biography

Jacques-Louis David akaberekwa (Nyamavhuvhu 30, 1748) mumhuri yemupfumi weParisian bourgeois. Pashure porufu rwomurume wavo uye pakuenda kune rimwe guta, amai vacho vakasiya Dhavhidhi kuti arererwe nomukoma wake, uyo aiva muvaki. Mhuri iyi yaive nehukama nemuvendi François Boucher, akapenda mifananidzo yeMarquise de Pompadour.

Paaiva mudiki, Dhavhidhi akatanga kufarira kudhirowa. PaParis Academy yeSaint Luke, anopinda zvidzidzo zvekudhirowa. Zvino, pazano raBoucher, akatanga kudzidza nemumwe wevakuru vanotungamira venhoroondo yekupendi yepakutanga neoclassicism, Joseph Vien.

• 1766 - akapinda muRoyal Academy yePainting uye Sculpture;
• 1775-1780 - kudzidziswa paFrench Academy muRome;
• 1783 - Nhengo yeChikoro chePainting;
• 1792 - Nhengo yeNational Convention. Akavhotera kufa kwaMambo Louis XVI;
• 1794 - akasungwa nekuda kwekuchinja maonero mushure mekutonga kweThermidorian;
• 1797 - anova mutsigiri waNapoleon Bonaparte, uye mushure mekuuya kwake kutonga - dare "mutambi wekutanga";
• 1816 —Mushure mekukundwa kwaBonaparte, Jacques-Louis David akaenda kuBrussels, kwaakafira muna 1825.

Jacques-Louis David: mifananidzo

Pane imwe nguva mutongi wehumambo akazotsigira Chimurenga cheFrance, David agara ari shasha yerunako rwepamusoro muhunyanzvi. Akasika, zvichida, mifananidzo yakanakisisa uye yakakurumbira yakatsaurirwa kumuchengeti mutsvene Napoleon.

Naye kusvika kumagumo, akasunga magumo ake. Mushure mekudonha kwamambo, akasiya basa rekuzvimanikidza muhutapwa muBrussels.

David akapenda Napoleon paakanga achiri mukuru mukuru muna 1797. Pasinei nokuti mufananidzo wacho hauna kupera - chipfeko chemunhu anoratidzwa mumufananidzo (Paris, Louvre). Zvinoshamisa zvinoratidza kuda uye kutsunga kweCorsican.

"Napoleon paSaint Bernard Pass"

Imwe yemifananidzo ine mukurumbira wemuimbi mufananidzo waNapoleon, mukuru wekukunda kweItaly mushandirapamwe.

Iyi 1801 inyanzvi (National Museum, Malmaison) izere nebaroque simba rekusimudzira, iro muimbi akapa Bonaparte akatasva bhiza. Chamupupuri chinokwenya manhe eArgamak nejasi remutasvi - kuseri kwemakore akasvibira achisundwa nechamupupuri chimwe chete.

Zvinoita sekuti iwo masimba chaiwo echisikigo ari kukwevera Bonaparte kune zvaanoda. Kuyambuka Alps kucharatidza kutanga kwekukunda kweItaly. Mune izvi, maCorsican akatevera magamba makuru ekare. Pamberi pemufananidzo pane mazita akavezwa pamatombo: "Hannibal", "Charlemagne".

Pasinei nokuti "chokwadi" chemufananidzo chinopesana nechokwadi chezvakaitika kare - Napoleon akakunda kudarika kumashure kwenyurusi pazuva rezuva - ichi ndicho chimwe chechokwadi chemifananidzo yemukuru.

“Kuratidzwa kwemireza namambo”

Jacques-Louis David nevadzidzi vake vakagadzirawo mifananidzo mikuru miviri inoratidza kutanga kwenguva yehumambo. Imwe yacho, 1810, inonzi "Presentation of the Banners by the Emperor" (Versailles, National Museum of the Palaces of Versailles uye Trianon).

Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvishoma zvemifananidzo zvakagadzirirwa Napoleon, izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti mutengi pachake aitarisira kuitwa kwekuraira.

Pakurairwa kwaBonaparte, David aifanira kubvisa silhouette yemwarikadzi weRoma wekukunda, Victoria pamusoro pezviverengero zvakabata mireza.

"Kupfekedzwa korona kwaMambo Napoleon"

Iyi fananidzo yaipesana nerevo nechokwadi chenhau chaitarisirwa namambo kubva murudzi urwu rwebasa. Mune imwewo nyaya, muiti wacho akasandura dhizaini yepakutanga yekuumbwa kweimwe monumental canvas - "Coronation", yakanyorwa muna 1805-1808 (Paris, Louvre).

Kunyangwe kuumbwa kwese kwese kwebasa kwakavakirwa pamusimboti wakafanana - mambo anofananidzirwa padais - pane mamiriro akasiyana pano. Simba remurwi aingoerekana aita rakapa mukana kune kukudzwa kwechiitiko chekugadzwa.

Sketches yeramangwana raDavidi pendi inoratidza kuti muimbi akatsvaga kuratidza nguva yechokwadi chenhoroondo. Bonaparte, atora korona yehumambo kubva mumaoko aPope, akazvipfekedza korona, achiratidza zvakajeka kwaibva simba rake rehumambo.

Sezviri pachena, chiito ichi chairatidza kuzvikudza zvakanyanya. Naizvozvo, murudzi rwekuparadzira basa reunyanzvi, mufananidzo unoratidza mambo achipfekedza mukadzi wake korona.

Zvakadaro, basa racho rakachengetedza chiratidzo chehutongi hwehutongi hwaNapoleon, hunogona kuverengeka kumuoni panguva iyoyo. Chiitiko chekugadzwa kwehumambo kwaJosephine chinodzokorora chimiro chekugadzwa kwaMariya naJesu, icho chakange chakapararira muhunyanzvi hweFrance hwekupera kweMiddle Ages.

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