Maperembudzi

General tsananguro yechirwere

Ichi chisingaperi zvoutachiona hwehutachiona hunobva, hunotsamwiswa nehutachiona. Mycobacterium leprae… Chirwere ichi chakazivikanwa kwenguva yakareba. Maperembudzi anowanzo bata ganda, nzira yekunze, uye mune dzimwe nguva tsoka, maoko, maziso, uye machende.

Maperembudzi kana maperembudzi zvinowanzoitika munyika dzine mamiriro ekunze anopisa. Mumakore makumi mashanu apfuura, huwandu hwevarwere vane maperembudzi hwaderera zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, kubva pamamirioni matatu kusvika gumi nemashanu evarwere vane maperembudzi vanoonekwa pagore munyika. Nzvimbo yekutanga muhuwandu hwematare akanyoreswa yakagovaniswa neNepal neIndia, Brazil yechipiri neBurma yechitatu. Vagari venyika dzine hupenyu husina kutsarukana vari panjodzi: vane kudya kwakashata, mvura yakasviba, pamwe neavo vanotambura nezvirwere zvinopedza immune system - AIDS uye hepatitis.

Leprosy has a long incubation period, inogona kubva pamwedzi mashanu kusvika kumakumi emakore, haina chiratidzo, paavhareji, inguva yayo ingangoita makore mashanu. Honzeri yechirwere munhu anorwara nemaperembudzi. Muvana vanosangana nemunhu anorwara, hutachiona hunoitika nekukurumidza kupfuura kuvanhu vakuru.

Mhando nezviratidzo zvemaperembudzi

• chimiro chemaperembudzi maperembudzi anoonekwa seakanyanya. Pamusoro peganda rechiso, makumbo, magaro, maoko epamberi, akakomberedzwa erythematous mavara ane nzvimbo yakatsetseka inoumbwa, sekutonga, yakatsvuka ruvara, zvisinei, nekufamba kwenguva vanova yero-brown. Nekufamba kwenguva, ganda riri munzvimbo dzakakanganisika rinove rakanyanya, uye maperembudzi kana kupinda mukati meiyo nzvimbo yemahara. Nechiitiko chechirwere munzvimbo yemaperembudzi, ziya rinomira zvachose, kune hunyoro hwakawedzera uye ganda rinova bhuruu muvara. Shanduko inopinda inoumba mafufu paganda, mhino uye tsiye zvinokura, uye maficha echiso anochinja. Perforation yemhino septum inogona kuchinja chimiro chemhino. Kana iro dokoriro rinotapukirwa, izwi remurwere rinogona kuchinja;
• fomu ye tuberculoid haina kukanganisa nhengo dzemukati. Rudzi rwemaperembudzi runokanganisa ganda uye neparipheral nervous system. Mapepuru epepuru anoonekwa padanda remurwere, kumusoro nemakumbo kana pachiso chemurwere. Nekufamba kwenguva, mapepa anobatana uye anoumba mabara, iro bvudzi revellus rinowira pasi uye rinokura kuoma uye kubaya. Nemhando iyi yemaperembudzi, nzara dzemaoko dzinogona kukanganisika, dzakaremara, dzakakora uye dzakaita kuchena. Nzvimbo dzakakanganisika dzeganda dzinorasikirwa nehunyanzvi, nekudaro dzinowanzo kukuvara nekutsva, dzisingarape zvakanaka uye dzichikura. Iwo matavi emeso etsinga, parotid, uye radial tsinga dzakakora, pamwe kutyora kwebasa remota yezvigunwe nezvigunwe;
• chimiro chisina kusiyaniswa inokanganisa magumo ezasi. Dermatological maronda anoonekwa kunge ma nodule, mabara, kana asymmetric tsvuku zvigamba. Kukuvara kwemitsipa kunozviratidza muchimiro cheasymmetric neuritis kana polyneuritis ine hurema. Iyo yemuganhu fomu yehutachiona inogona kushanduka kuita tuberculoid kana lepromatous.

Zvinokonzera maperembudzi

Utachiona hunoitika kuburikidza nekubuda kubva mumhino nemukanwa, mukaka wechipfuva, urume, weti, panguva yekusangana padyo nevarwere vane maperembudzi. Kubatwa neMycobacterium leprae kunowanzoitika kuburikidza nemadonhwe emhepo. Murwere ane maperembudzi anobudisa mabhakitiriya anosvika miriyoni pazuva. Utachiona hunogoneka kana huchokwadi hweganda hukatyorwa nekurumwa nezvipembenene kana kana uchishandisa nyora.

Vanhu vane hutano hwakanaka hwekutapukirwa vane yakakwikwidza kumusoro kune yakatarwa hosha. Kana hutachiona hwemaperembudzi hukapinda mumuviri, vanhu vanosvika gumi kusvika gumi muzana ndivo vanorwara. Kutapukirwa kunoda kubata kwenguva refu uye kwepedyo nemunhu ane hutachiona. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti varume vanonyanya kubatwa nemaperembudzi kupfuura vakadzi.

Matambudziko emaperembudzi

Panyaya yekurapa kusingatarisirwi nechimiro chemaperembudzi, maziso anogona kukanganiswa, iridocyclitis uye conjunctivitis inokura, mune zvimwe zviitiko upofu hunogona kuitika. Kuitika kwemaperembudzi pamumhino mucosa kunodonhedza kubuda ropa, kufefeterwa kwe septum, kusvika mukukuvara kwemhino. Shanduko paganda kumeso kunotungamira mukuremara. Kukundikana kwenhengo dzemukati kunotungamira nephritis, prostatitis, orchitis, chisingaperi hepatitis.

Iyo fomu tuberculoid inogona kutungamira kune zvakakomba maronda etsoka nemaoko, mhasuru atrophy, paresis uye kuoma mitezo. Kana magranulomas akaumbwa mumapfupa, kutsemuka kunogoneka.

Kudzivirirwa kwemaperembudzi

Pfungwa huru mukudzivirira chirwere ichi inoonekwa sekuchengeta kwakasimba mitemo yehutsanana, kusimudzira mamiriro ehupenyu uye hupenyu hwehupenyu. Murwere wemaperembudzi anofanira kuva nemidziyo yega yega, tauro, rineni yemubhedha. Izvo zvisingawanzoitika, asi zvakadaro, zviitiko zvekudzoka kwemaperembudzi zvakasimbiswa. Naizvozvo, vanhu vakave nechirwere ichi havabvumidzwe kushanda mukicheni, munzvimbo dzekurapa nekuchengetwa kwevana.

Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri akamboita maperembudzi, ipapo nhengo dzese dzemhuri dzinofanirwa kuongororwa zvekurapa gore rega rega. Vana vanozvarwa naamai vane maperembudzi vanobva vasurukirwa uye vanopihwa zvekudya.

Mune matanho ekudzivirira, vanhu vanofanirwa kuongororwa mukati mehutachiona hwekuona kwekutanga kwezviitiko zvehutachiona uye kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Kurapa kwemaperembudzi mumushonga wakakura

Pakurapa maperembudzi, kubvunzana kwevanyanzvi vanoverengeka kunodiwa: chirwere chinotapukira nyanzvi, chiremba wemapfupa, ophthalmologist uye neuropathologist. Kana maperembudzi achionekwa nenguva.

Kurapa kwemaperembudzi kunofanirwa kuve kwenguva yakareba uye yakazara. Chekutanga pane zvese, chirwere chinotapukira chinorayira angangoita matatu antileprotic vamiririri eiyo sulfone akateedzana. Iyo nzira yekurapa yemaperembudzi inogona kusvika kumakore akati wandei, murwere anoitwa kosi dzinoverengeka dzekurapa, pakati pacho panodiwa kuzorora. Kuti udzivise kupindwa muropa, kusanganiswa kwemishonga inorwisa maperembudzi kunochinjwa makosi maviri erapi. Mukurapa maperembudzi, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, mishonga inopesana nekuzvimba, immunomodulators, hepatoprotectors, vamiririri vane iron, adaptogens uye vhitamini zvivakwa zvinodiwa.

Physiotherapists yemaperembudzi inokurudzira kusangana kwemassage, mechanotherapy, uye kurovedza muviri.

Chenjerera!

Iwo manejimendi haatarisiri chero kuyedza kwekushandisa ruzivo rwunopihwa, uye haivimbise kuti harukuvadze iwe pachezvako. Izvo zvinhu hazvigone kushandiswa kupa mushonga uye kugadzirisa chirwere. Nguva dzose bvunza chiremba wako wezvechiremba!