MaLymphocyte machena masero eropa (leukocyte) anoita basa rakakosha muma immune system. Ivo vanoona uye vanopedza simba utachiona huripo mumuviri.

Nhamba uye saizi yema lymphocyte

LMaLymphocyte madiki maseru. Ivo vakawandisa uye vanomiririra pakati pe20 ne40% ye leukocytes kutenderera mumuviri.

Kupatsanura kwemhando dzakasiyana dze lymphocyte

Iko kune kazhinji mapoka matatu ema lymphocyte:

• B lymphocytes ;
• T lymphocytes ;
• NK lymphocytes.

Synthesis uye kusimba kwema lymphocyte

Iko kwekutanga uye kukura kwe lymphocyte kunoitika mumhando mbiri dzemitezo:

• chikuru lymphoid nhengo, iyo iyo mapfupa emapfupa uye thymus ari chikamu;
• yechipiri lymphoid nhengo, kana peripheral, iyo inosanganisira kunyanya iyo spleen uye lymph node.

Kunge ese leukocyte, maLymphocyte anogadzirwa mukati me bone marrow. Ivo vanozobva vatamira kune dzimwe nhengo dze lymphoid kuenderera mberi nekukura kwavo. Kusiyanisa kweT lymphocyte kunoitika mukati me thymus nepo kutsva kweB lymphocyte kunoitika mukati memitezo yechipiri yema lymphoid.

Nzvimbo uye kutenderera kwema lymphocyte

Semasero matsvuku eropa (masero matsvuku eropa) uye thrombocyte (maplatelet), maLymphocyte anogona kutenderera mukati ropa. Kufanana nema leukocyte ese, iwo zvakare ane hunyanzvi hwekukwanisa kutenderera mu lymph. MaLymphocyte aripowo padanho re yekutanga uye yechipiri lymphoid nhengo.

MaLymphocyte machena masero eropa anoita basa rakakosha mu rokuzvidzivirira. Mukati memuviri, mhando yega ye lymphocyte inoita basa chairo kurwisa hutachiona.

Basa reNK lymphocyte mune yekuzvarwa immune mhinduro

NK lymphocyte, kana NK maseru, zvinobatanidzwa mukuzvarwa nemutumbi mhinduro, inova yekutanga mhinduro yemuviri pakurwiswa nezvirwere. Iyo yekuzvarwa immune mhinduro iri pakarepo uye inosanganisira NK lymphocyte, ine basa nderekuparadza maseru akakuvara senge ane hutachiona maseru uye cancer maseru.

Basa reB uye T lymphocyte mune inogadziriswa immune mhinduro

B uye T lymphocyte dzinotora chikamu mune inochinja immune immune mhinduro. Kusiyana neyakajairika mhinduro yemumuviri, ino yechipiri chikamu chemuviri mhinduro inonzi yakanangana. Zvichienderana nekucherechedzwa uye kuyeuka kwehutachiona, iyo inogadziriswa immune mhinduro inosanganisira akati wandei leukocyte anosanganisira:

• B maseru anogadzira antibodies, mapuroteni akaomarara ane kugona kunyatsoziva uye kutapudza utachiona;
• T maseru ayo anoona nekuparadza utachiona neimwe nzira.

Ngozi yezvirwere zvemuviri

Autoimmune chirwere chinokonzerwa nekushomeka kwemasero eB. Muchirwere che autoimmune, aya maseru anogadzira masoja anorwisa masero mumuviri.

Kune akasiyana autoimmune hosha dzakadai se:

• Rheumatoid arthritis ;
• multiple sclerosis ;
• Chinyorwa 1 chirwere cheshuga.

Nyaya yeHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Inotarisira iyo inowanikwa immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HIV hutachiona hunorwisa masero ekudzivirira, uye kunyanya T lymphocyte. Iyo yekupedzisira haichakwanise kutamba yavo yekuzvidzivirira basa, iyo inofumura muviri kubva mukana wekutapukira mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuve yakakomba.

Cancers inokanganisa ma lymphocyte

Lymphocyte inogona kukanganiswa nekenza dzakasiyana, kunyanya kana:

• lymphoma, kenza yeiyo lymphatic system;
• a leukemia, gomarara rinokanganisa maseru mumongo wemapfupa;
• myeloma, kenza yehematologic;
• Chirwere cheWaldenström, imwe kenza yehematologic inobata maL lymphocyte.

Kudzivirira mhinduro

Kunyanya, zvinokwanisika kudzivirira hutachiona hweHIV, uhwo hune mhedzisiro yakaipa kune ma lymphocyte. Kudzivirira AIDS kunotanga nekuchengetedzwa kwakakwana panguva yebonde.

Kurapwa

Kurapa kwekurapa kunoenderana neyakajairika kuongororwa. Semuenzaniso, mune chiitiko chehutachiona hweHIV, mishonga yemaantiretroviral-based inopihwa. Kana bundu rikaonekwa, chemotherapy kana radiation radiation zvikamu zvinogona kuitwa.

Kupindira kwekuvhiya

Mune zviitiko zvakakomba, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kudikanwa. Mune leukemia, bone marrow kuisirwa inogona kunyanya kuitwa.

Mamiriyoni

Kuverenga kweropa kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuita hunhu uye huwandu kuyerwa kwezvinhu zvirimo muropa, kusanganisira ma lymphocyte.

Munguva yekuyedzwa kweropa, chikamu cheLymphocyte chinoonekwa sechakanaka kana chiri pakati pe1,5 ne4 g / L.

Kududzira mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuona maviri marudzi eiyo lymphocyte kusagadzikana:

• yakaderera lymphocyte kuverenga, kana iri pasi pe1 g / L, chinova chiratidzo che lymphopenia;
• yakakwira lymphocyte kuverenga, kana yakakura kudarika 5 g / L, chinova chiratidzo cheLymphocytosis, inonziwo hyperlymphocytosis.

Myelogram

Iyo myelogram ndeye kuongorora kushanda kwemongo wemapfupa. Inoyera kuyera kwemasero machena eropa kusanganisira ma lymphocyte.

Weti cytobacteriological bvunzo (ECBU)

Iyi bvunzo inoongorora kuvapo kwemasero machena eropa mumurini. Chikamu chepamusoro chemasero eropa chena chiratidzo chemamiriro.

Kwakatangira iyo B lymphocyte kirasi

Pane dudziro dzinoverengeka dzetsamba "B". Vamwe vanodavira kuti zita iri raizobatanidzwa nemongo wemapfupa, munogadzirwa maL lymphocyte. Pachirungu, mwongo wemabhonzo unonzi "Bone marrow". Tsananguro yechipiri, inoita kunge yechokwadi, ichave inoenderana ne bursa yaFabricius, nhengo yekutanga yeLymphoid irimo mushiri. Icho chiri padanho renhengo iyi kuti B lymphocyte yakaonekwa.

Kwakatangira iyo T cell kirasi

Kwakatangira tsamba "T" iri nyore. Icho chinoreva kune thymus, iyo yekutanga lymphoid nhengo uko T lymphocyte kuibva kunoitika.

Kwakatangira iyo NK lymphocyte kirasi

Mavara "NK" ndiwo mavambo ekuChirungu e "Natural Killer". Izvi zvinoreva kurerutsa chiito che NK lymphocyte.