Mukati
Muksun hove inomiririra kurongeka kwe "salmon", genus "whitefish" uye subfamily "whitefish". Muksun ihama yepedyo yeBaikal omul. Inofarira kugara mumvura yakachena uye inokosheswa zvikuru, saka, zvose zvakabatwa uye zvakaberekerwa pamwero mukuru, zvose nevanhu uye vatengesi.
Muksun hove: tsananguro
Nyama yehove iyi ine chimiro chakasiyana, saka inosiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mamwe marudzi ehove dzinogara mumvura yakachena. Iyo nyama inosiyana zvese mukunhuhwirira uye kuravira data. Hove yeMuksun haina kupikisa kunyange kune vanhu vanotambura nechiropa chisina kunaka uye kushanda kwetsvo. Mukuwedzera, vatambi vanofarira kudya nyama yehove iyi, nokuti vane kudya kwakasimba.
Kuonekwa
Mhuri yesalmon ine nhamba huru yemhando dzehove dzinokosha, asi hove dzemuksun dzinoonekwa sedzakanyanya kukosha. Makore zana apfuura, paitengeswa sterlet mumabhakiti, hove dzemuksun dzaitengeswa nechidimbu. Nekutaridzika, unogona kuona kuti ndeipi genus inomiririra.
Muchiitiko ichi, muviri wehove inenge yakaita sepindle. Muviri wakareba unenge wati sandarara nechekurutivi. Muvara wemuviri hausi monotonous: musana une mumvuri wakasviba, uye mativi uye dumbu zvakareruka, nepo dumbu rinenge rakachena, uye mativi ari silvery. Vamiriri venzizi vanosiyaniswa negoridhe hue. Chero rudzi rwemavara runoita kuti hove dzisaonekwe mumvura. Musoro nemuswe, maererano nemuviri, zviri panzvimbo yakakwirira. Sezvo hove dzichikura, hump inotanga kukura, zvichiita kuti hove dzive dzakanyanya "kukombama".
Mashoko anonakidza! Vanhu vakuru vanokwanisa kukura mukureba kudarika mita uye kurema kusvika 12,5 kilograms, kunyange zvazvo avhareji saizi inenge 70 cm nehuremu hunosvika 4 kg kana kudarika. Vanhu vakadai vanotonzi vakakura. Sezvo mutemo, vanhu vanorema zvisingasviki 1,5 kilogiramu vanotungamira.
Musoro wehove iyi hauna kupinza, nemuromo uri pasi. Rushaya rwezasi rwuri kumberi zvishoma kana uchienzaniswa nerushaya rwepamusoro, izvo zvinoita kuti vanhu vaunganidze macrustaceans madiki kubva pasi pedhamu. Magill anoumbwa nema stamens akawanda, ayo anoabvumira kusefa zvinhu zvinosveta zvechikafu. Izvi zvakanyanya kunaka kune mhuka diki dzinodya pa zooplankton.
Mararamiro, maitiro
Ihove iyi ndeye semi-anadromous mhando, uye inogara mumvura yakachena kana yakaderera-munyu, kwainokura nekukura. Hove yeMuksun inokunda kusvika chiuru nehafu makiromita kurwisa ikozvino kuitira kukandira mazai. Panguva imwecheteyo, haafi, asi anokwanisa kudzokera kunzvimbo dzake dzekare, kwaanodzorera simba rake, kuitira kuti nguva inotevera aende zvakare kunobereka.
Muksun anogara kwenguva yakareba sei
Zvinotendwa kuti muksun hove inogona kurarama kwemakore anenge 25, kunyange zvazvo avhareji yezera revakuru kubva pamakore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri.
dzinogara zvisikwa
Muksun inogara mumadziva nemvura yakachena yakachena kana zvishoma ine brackish. Haituhwi mumvura yakashama yemakungwa. Sezvo mutemo, hove dzinokwezvwa nema estuaries, uko mvura yakachena inosanganiswa negungwa munyu, kunyangwe paine matunhu asingaenderane neiyi hove inopenga.
Chokwadi chinofadza! Huwandu hukuru hwehove chena hunowanikwa mumabheseni enzizi dzeLena neYenisei, uye fomu yerwizi-rwizi inowanikwa mumadziva Lama, Taimyr uye Glubokoe.
Muksun hove inowanikwa munenge nzizi dzose dzeSiberia. Mukuwedzera, hove dzinowanikwawo mumvura yeArctic Ocean. Huwandu hwevanhu vakanyanya kucherechedzwa munzizi dzeTom neOb. Munzizi idzi nemumabheseni adzo, hove dzinowanikwa gore rose. Mune dzimwe nzizi, muksun inoonekwa nguva nenguva, mukutama, kana hove dzichienda kunobereka. Iyo yegungwa fomu ye muksun inoita nenzira imwecheteyo.
dhayeti
Kudya kwehove iyi kunoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu, pamwe chete nenguva yegore, kusanganisira kuwanikwa kwekudya. Muzhizha, inodya mollusks uye crustaceans, uye munguva yechando inogumira kune zooplankton. Vechidiki muksun vanonyanya kudya pa zooplankton, sezvo vasati vava kukwanisa kugadzirisa, uye kunyange kuvhima mhuka hombe. Panguva imwecheteyo, hove yakanyatsogadziriswa kumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, nekuda kwechimiro chakakosha chegill plates.
Nheyo yekudya inoumbwa neakasiyana-siyana crustaceans, pamwe ne caviar yemamwe marudzi ehove, kusanganisira hove fry uye zooplankton, asi mukuita kubereka, hove dzinodya zvisina kunaka, dzinogutsa chete zvavanoda zvakanyanya kuitira kuti dzirege kufa. Munguva yekuberekesa, hove dzinopedza simba radzo rose pakuenda kunzvimbo dzinoberekera. Uyezve, iwe unofanirwa kusvika kunzvimbo dzekuberekesa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, kusvikira ice rekutanga raonekwa pamadziva.
Kubereka uye vana
Nzira yekuberekesa inotanga mukutanga kwechirimo, apo aizi inotanga kunyunguduka munzizi. Vasati vabereka, hadzi nevarume vachafanira kufamba kusvika chiuru chemakiromita, kana kutopfuura, kuti vasvike kunzvimbo dzinoberekera dzechisikigo. Hove dzinokunda madaro akadaro chete pakati pematsutso. Nzvimbo dzakanyanya kukodzera kubereka inzvimbo dzine jecha kana pasi pematombo uye kuvapo kwekukurumidza ikozvino. Kutanga kwekubereka kunopindirana nekuonekwa kwechando chekutanga, uye kupera kwekubereka kunowira mumwedzi waNovember.
Chokwadi chinofadza! Iyo nzira yekuberekesa inopera nekukurumidza kana tembiricha yemvura inodonha pazasi +4 degrees.
Kuwanda kwemazai akaiswa nevakadzi kunoenderana nezera ravo uye mavhareji anenge zviuru makumi mashanu zvimedu. Munguva yehupenyu hwayo hwese, hadzi inogona kuita nzendo dzinosvika 50 kunzvimbo dzekuberekera dzechisikigo. Panguva imwecheteyo, muksun haibereke gore negore. Isati yatangazve kubereka, hove dzinofanira kudzorera simba radzo uye kuchengetedza kudya (mafuta).
Mazai anoibva kweinenge hafu yegore (kusvika kumwedzi mishanu) uye izvi hazvishamisi, sezvo tembiricha yemvura yakadzikira. Sezvo yazvarwa, hove fry inotsvedza pasi pesimba reiyo ikozvino kusvika kuzasi kwenzizi, kwainokura uye kukura. Mushure memakore gumi ehupenyu, vanhu vakagadzirira kubereka, nepo vakadzi vanokura kunyange gare gare. Sezvo mutemo, vanhu vakagadzirira kubereka kana uremu hwavo hunenge kirogiramu. Panguva iyi ndipo apo hove ndidzo dzinonyanya kutambudzika, nekudaro kuredza kwadzo kunodzorwa nemutemo, kunyanya ichi chiri chokwadi maererano nekuvhima zvisiri pamutemo, uko kwave kutyisa munguva pfupi yapfuura.
Panguva imwecheteyo, hove yemitambo yechando inobvumirwa pamamiriro ezvinhu ekuti hove dzichasunungurwa.
Muksun. Kuvhara kwemwaka paSarlyk lake.
Vavengi venyama
Musango, kunyange hove iyi ine vavengi, haikwanisi kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba kune muksun vanhu. Muvengi mukuru munhu asingafungi nezveramangwana uye anobata hove dzinokosha zvisingadzoreki, izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa kukuru kune vanhu vayo. Kunyange munguva dzekare, vanhu vaibata hove iyi vainzi muksunniks, nokuti kwemazana emakore kubatwa kwemuksun kwakaunza purofiti huru kumhuri dzavo.
Munguva yedu, apo kubata kunodzorwa pamwero wemitemo, hazvichabviri kuwana zvitunha zvehove zvakapararira pamusoro peaizi, yakasiiwa nokukurumidza nevavhimi. Nokudaro, kune tariro yekudzorerwa kwehuwandu hwehove iyi inokosha zvikuru.
Kuwanda kwevanhu uye mamiriro emarudzi
Nekuda kwekuti nyama yehove iyi inonaka uye yakakosha, inogara isingadzoreki kubata kwevanhu kunoitwa. Somugumisiro, munzvimbo dzaimbova nehove dzakawanda, hove idzi dzinenge dzisipo nhasi.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive! Muksun fish ndeyemhando yekutengeserana. Pamuromo weRwizi rweOb, nhamba yehove iyi inoderedzwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubata hove kusingadzoreki. Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana anoonekwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo, pamuromo wedzimwe nzizi, uko kare kwaiva nehove dzakawanda.
Munguva yekuberekesa, hove iyi inonyanya kuzvidzivirira. Panguva imwe cheteyo, vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo vanogara vachiziva nguva uye painopfuura hove iyi uye vanoibata pavanenge vachienda kunzvimbo dzakakwirira dzenzizi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kubatwa kunopenga kunoonekwa, izvo zvinokonzeresa kukanganisa kukuru kune huwandu hwevanhu. Panyaya iyi, mabasa ekuongorora hove anodzidzira kuperekedza hove munzira yose yadzinofamba kuitira kuti dzidzivirire kune vanobira zvisiri pamutemo.
Kuredza kukosha
Muksun hove inoonekwa seyakasarudzika nekuda kwekuumbwa kwenyama yayo. Zvinotendwa kuti hove iyi inonaka chaizvo. Panguva imwecheteyo, pasinei nenzvimbo yekubata kana kutonhora kwenguva refu, nyama hairasikirwi nekunaka kwayo kwechokwadi, iyo isingaenzaniswi nechimwe chinhu. Kunhuhwirira kwenyama kunoyeuchidza kunhuhwirira kwemagaka achangobva kuchekwa. Pamusoro pekunaka, whitefish nyama ine zvakawanda zvinobatsira zvinhu. Naizvozvo, kudiwa kwehove iyi kwakakura, izvo zvinotungamira mukuredza kwayo.
Pamasherufu ezvitoro zvehove zve 1 kg yehove, iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara 700 rubles, uye izvi hazvisanganisi mari yekuendesa.
Zvinonakidza kuziva! Munguva yedu, muksun inoshingaira kuberekerwa mumamiriro ezvinhu ekugadzira uye inopiwa kumasherufu ekuchengetedza.
Zvinotendwa kuti nyama yehove muksun haina kutapukirwa nehutachiona hwakasiyana-siyana, saka hove inogona kudyiwa kunyange yakasvibirira. Muchokwadi, iwe unofanirwa kunyatso funga usati waita izvi, sezvo ichi chingori fungidziro uye njodzi haina kufanira zvachose pano.
Zvinokurudzirwa kuisa nyama yehove pakupisa kurapwa usati wadya. Inogona kuve yakakangwa, yakabikwa, yakabikwa, nezvimwewo Iwe unogona kubvisa zvipembenene kana iwe ukaomesa hove pakupisa kusvika -40 degrees. Padanho remhuri, izvi zvinenge zvisingaite. Pakubika, iwe unofanirwa kutenga hove chete kubva kune vanozvipira vatengesi vanogara vachiongorora hove dzemaparasite.
Hupenyu hwekudya
Nyama yehove iyi inoramba ichiravira kunyangwe yakadzika nechando. Simba rayo rinokosha rinongosvika 89 kcal pa100 gramu yechigadzirwa. Zvose zviri munyama zviri muchimiro chiri nyore, saka nyama inogayiwa inenge 100 muzana. Kuvapo kwe arachidonic acid munyama kunokubvumira kuti uwane simba rakawedzerwa kune avo vanhu vanoita mitoro inorema pamuviri. Zvokudya zvehove zvinonyanya kukurudzirwa kune vanorwara uye vanhu vakaremara.
Muksun nyama yakanyatsofanana muhutano hwekudya uye kuumbwa, kana ichienzaniswa nenyama yehove dzegungwa, asi haina mineralized zvokuti inobvumirwa kuishandisa kunyange kune vanhu vane chirwere chetsvo.
Zvinotendwa kuti whitefish nyama ine mafuta, kunyangwe mafuta aya ane hutano uye haabatsire mukuiswa kwecholesterol plaque mumidziyo. Nyama ine huwandu hwakakwana hwevhitamini "PP", pamwe chete nemaminerari asingawanzo.
Ndezvipi zvikafu zvinogona kugadzirirwa kubva muksun
Vagari veko vanobika zvikafu zvakasiyana-siyana, asi sugudai inoonekwa seyakakurumbira pakati pevaSiberia. Uye kugadzirira ndiro iyi iri nyore. Kuti uite izvi, ingocheka hove kuita zvidimbu uye marinate zvidimbu mujisi remonamu. Muchiitiko ichi, ndiro inofanira kusaswa nemunyu uye kwete yakawanda pepper uye anyanisi. Pane imwe nzvimbo, muawa, ndiro yakagadzirira kudyiwa.
Muksun inogadzira mapee akanaka. Kuzadza mapayi ingave nyama mbishi kana yakakangwa yehove iyi. Muzviitiko zvose, mapee anonaka anowanikwa.
Ceviche Kubva Ah..enoy Hove | Muksun in marinades | #Borsch
In mhedziso
Pasinei nokuti maSiberia kunyange kudya hove mbishi, nyanzvi dzichiri kukurudzira kupisa kurapwa. Kudya kunyange hove yakakanyiwa, unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi che100% kuti haina kutapukirwa nemaparasite. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kuitamba zvakachengeteka zvakare uye kuda kubva kune mutengesi magwaro akakodzera anoratidza kuti hove dzakapfuura hutsanana kutonga.
Sezvo muksun nyama ine kuravira kwakasiyana uye kunhuhwirira, hazvikurudzirwe kutakurwa nezvinonhuwira uye zvinonhuwira paunenge uchibika, kuitira kuti hove ichengetedze kuravira kwayo kwechisikigo uye kunhuhwirira.
Ihove ine mafuta akawanda zvokuti hazvikurudzirwi kuwedzera bhotela kana mafuta emiriwo panguva yekubika. Kunyange kana yakabikwa pane grill, haizombofi yakaoma.