Neuropathy inoratidzwa nemamiriro eimwe kana mamwe marudzi emotokari uye tsinga dzinonzwa dzinodzora tsoka nemaoko, pamwe chete nemitsipa yeautonomic nervous system inodzora nhengo. Zviratidzo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwetsinga yakabatwa.

Neuropathy, chii icho?

Tsanangudzo yeuropathy

Neuropathy ishoko rinoshandiswa kutsanangura dambudziko netsinga, kazhinji "peripheral nerves" zvinopesana ne "central nervous system" iyo inosanganisira uropi uye musana. Isu tinotaurawo nezve peripheral neuropathy.

Neuropathy inokonzerwa nehuwandu hwemamiriro ezvinhu. Neuropathy inogonawo kuvapo pasina chikonzero chinowanikwa. Inobva yakwanisa se "idiopathic neuropathy".

Izwi rekuti neuropathy rinobata nzvimbo yakakura uye tsinga dzakawanda. Izvo zvinokonzeresa zviratidzo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwetsinga inobatwa:

• Yakabatwa tsinga dzekunzwa (tsinga dzinodzora manzwiro) dzinokonzera kurira, kupisa, marwadzo ekuputika, "magetsi emagetsi", chiveve, kurwadziwa. itching kana kusasimba kwetsoka nemaoko. Isu tinotaura nezve sensory neuropathy.
• Yakakanganiswa tsinga dzemotokari (tsinga dzinokuchengeta uchifamba) dzinokonzera kushaya simba mutsoka dzako nemaoko. Tiri kutaura nezve motor neuropathy.
• Affected autonomic nerves (tsinga dzinodzora nhengo dzemuviri, semuenzaniso, ura uye dundira) dzinokonzera shanduko mukurova kwemoyo uye BP kana dikita. Isu tinotaura nezve autonomic neuropathy.

Neuropathy ine zvikonzero zvakawanda, ndicho chikonzero marudzi ose matatu etsinga anogona kukanganiswa panguva imwe chete: iyi inonzi polyneuropathy, kusiyana ne mononeuropathy iyo inoratidzwa nerudo rwetsinga imwe chete.

Mienzaniso ne mononeuropathy

• La kupora simba ulnar (kana ulnar) nerve inotevera kukuvara kugokora.
• Carpal tunnel syndrome, inokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa kwetsinga yepakati.
• Kuora mitezo yeperoneal nerves, inokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa kwetsinga mugumbo.
• Kuoma mitezo yetsinga yeradial, tsinga inovharisa tsandanyama dzegokora, wrist neminwe.
• Bell's palsy, iyo inokanganisa tsinga isingadziviriri mhasuru dzechiso.

Zvikonzero zveuropathy

Kune zvinopfuura zana zvinokonzera kurwadziwa kweuropathic. Inenge 30% yeuropathy ndeye "idiopathic" kana yechikonzero chisingazivikanwe.

Zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera peripheral neuropathy:

• chirwere cheshuga, iyo ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera yekusingaperi peripheral neuropathy. Tiri kutaura nezvechirwere cheshuga neuropathy. Huwandu hweshuga hwepamusoro hunokonzera kukanganisa kumadziro etsinga diki dzinoendesa okisijeni uye chikafu kune mitsipa inopa migumo yemaoko netsoka uye nhengo huru dzemuviri (maziso, itsvo, moyo). Somugumisiro, ganda rinokuvadzwa uye kurasikirwa kwekunzwa kunoita kuti ganda retsoka rive nyore.
• Kushaikwa kwevhitamini B12 kana folic acid kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwetsinga uye peripheral neuropathy.
• Mishonga - yakaita semimwe mishonga inoshandiswa mukurapa chemotherapy kana kurapa HIV inogona kukuvadza tsinga dzeparutivi.
• Mimwe mishonga yezvipembenene uye zvinonyungudutsa.
• Lymphoma uye akawanda myeloma cancers.
• Kunwa doro zvisina kufanira.
• Chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi - kana itsvo dzisiri kushanda zvakanaka, kusaenzana kwemunyu kunogona kukonzera peripheral neuropathy.
• Chirwere chechiropa chisingaperi.
• Kukuvara, kwakadai sebhonzo rakatyoka rinogona kuisa simba patsinga.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvakadai seshingles, utachiona hweHIV uye chirwere cheLyme.
• Le Guillain-Pazvibato zvechizarira urwere izita rakapihwa kune imwe mhando yeperipheral neuropathy inokonzerwa nehutachiona.
• Zvirwere zvinobatanidza: rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren syndrome uye systemic lupus erythematosus.
• Mamwe mamiriro ekuzvimba kusanganisira sarcoïdose uye chirwere chechiliac.
• Zvirwere zvenhaka zvakadai seCharcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome uye Friedreich's ataxia.

Kuongororwa kweuropathy

Chiremba anobvunza murwere nezve:

• zviratidzo zvayo.
• Hutano hwake hwese.
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yake yeuropathy.
• Mishonga yake yakatorwa iye zvino kana munguva pfupi yapfuura.
• Kusangana kwaro kunobvira kune chepfu.
• Kunwa kwake doro zvakanyanyisa.
• Maitiro ake epabonde.

Chiremba acha:

• nyatsoongorora ganda remurwere.
• Tarisa manzwire ekudedera uchishandisa tuning fork.
• Ongorora tendon reflexes.

Kuyera ropa

Vanogona kuratidza kuvapo kwechirwere cheshuga, thyroid dysfunction kana kushaya vitamini.

Tsinga kuitisa zvidzidzo

Nerve conduction zvidzidzo zvinotarisa kuti tsinga dzinokurumidza sei kutumira mameseji adzo kumamhasuru. Maelectrode akakosha anoiswa paganda pamwero wetsinga yakaedzwa uye anoburitsa madiki madiki emagetsi anosimudzira tsinga. Mamwe ma electrode anorekodha basa remagetsi retsinga. Iyo yakaderedzwa kukurumidza kwetsinga impulse inoratidza kuvapo kweperipheral neuropathy.

Electromyography

Electromyography inoshandiswa kuongorora kushaya simba kwetsandanyama kunokonzerwa neuropathy. Uyu muedzo unoongorora kushanda kwemagetsi kwemhasuru. Tsono yakanaka kwazvo yakabatana ne electrode inopinzwa mumhasuru. Izvi zvakabatana nemuchina wekurekodha unonzi oscilloscope. Kuita kwemagetsi kusina kujairika kunoratidza kuvapo kweperipheral neuropathy.

Nerve biopsy

Chikamu chidiki chetsinga chinobviswa kuitira kuti chiongororwe pasi pemaikorosikopu.

Ganda biopsy

Inyanzvi yekuongorora tsinga dzeparipheral. Inogona kushandiswa kutarisa yekutanga peripheral neuropathy uye kutarisa kufambira mberi kweuropathy uye kupindura kurapwa. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuwanda kwetsinga dzetsinga munzvimbo yeganda kunoyerwa. Mune peripheral neuropathy, kuwanda kwetsinga dzeperipheral kunoderedzwa.

Zviratidzo zveuropathy

Neuropathy ye sensory system

• Kurira uye kusanzwa kwemaoko netsoka (diabetic neuropathy)
• Hypersensitivity.
• Kuwedzera kurwadziwa kana kurasikirwa kwekukwanisa kunzwa kurwadziwa.
• Kutadza kuona shanduko mukupisa nekutonhora.
• Kurasika kwekubatana uye kutarisisa.
• Kupisa-mhando kurwadziwa, kusimba kweiyo inogona kuwedzera usiku.
• Kuchinja kweganda, bvudzi kana zvipikiri.
• Maronda etsoka nemakumbo, utachiona, kunyange gangrene.

Neuropathy yemota system

• Tsandanyama kushaya simba - zvichikonzera kusagadzikana uye kuomerwa nekufamba kudiki senge mabhatani ehembe (kunyanya muchirwere cheshuga neuropathy).
• Tsandanyama kudedera uye cramps.
• Kuoma mitezo.

Neuropathy ye autonomic system

• Chizutu uye kupera simba (nekuda kwekuchinja kamwe kamwe muBP).
• Kuderera kwedikita.
• Kusagona kushivirira kupisa.
• Kutadza kudzora basa redundira zvichikonzera kusazvibata kana kuchengetedza weti.
• Kuzvimba, kuvharwa kana manyoka (kunyanya muchirwere cheshuga neuropathy).
• Kuoma kuwana kana kuchengetedza erection (kunyanya muchirwere cheshuga neuropathy).

Nzira yekudzivirira sei neuropathy?

Kudzivirirwa kweuropathy muvanhu vane chirwere cheshuga kwakavakirwa kunyanya pahutsanana hwekudya uye kutarisisa kwakasimba. glucose. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti glyceric control nejekiseni inoderedza njodzi yekuva nechirwere cheshuga neuropathy.