Ovarian follicles zvimiro zviri mukati meovari uye zvinobatanidzwa mukuzadza.

Chinzvimbo. Ovarian follicles ari munzvimbo yecortical yemaovari. Zviviri munhamba, mazai echikadzi kana kuti gonads glands dziri muchiuno chidiki, kuseri kwechibereko1. Akabatanawo nemachubhu e fallopian, ane mipendero paari kuita pavilion. Ovoid muchimiro uye 3 kusvika 4 cm kureba, maovari ane zvikamu zviviri:

• Panharaunda ye ovary ndiyo cortical zone, uko maovarian follicles aripo;
• Pakati pe ovary inzvimbo yemusana, iyo inoumbwa nekubatanidza tishu uye tsinga dzeropa.

mamiriro. Imwe neimwe ovarian follicle ine oocyte, iyo inozova iyo ovum. Mamiriro emaovarian follicles anosiyana zvichienderana nedanho rekukura (2) (3):

1. Primordial follicle: Inotaridza follicle yeovarian iyo maturation isati yatanga. Mhando iyi yefollicle inoenderana neiyo inowanikwa kunyanya munzvimbo yecortical.
2. Primary follicle: Inopindirana nechikamu chekutanga chekukura kwefollicle apo oocyte uye masero akaipoteredza anokura.
3. Sekondari follicle: Panguva ino, akati wandei epithelium anoumba akapoteredza oocyte. Iyo yekupedzisira zvakare inoramba ichikura. Mafollicular cells anobva atora zita remagranular cells.
4. Yakakura yechipiri follicle: Mutsetse wemasero anokura akatenderedza follicle, achigadzira iyo follicular theca. Panguva ino, iyo oocyte inoburitsa chinhu chinogadzira membrane yakakora, iyo zona pellucida. Mvura inopenya zvakare inounganidza pakati pemasero egranular.
5. Mature ovarian follicle kana De Graaf's follicle: Mvura inoungana pakati pemasero egranular anoungana pamwe chete uye inoita mhango, iyo follicular antrum. Sezvo ichiramba ichizadza nemvura, gomba rinokura kusvika pakupedzisira kuparadzanisa iyo oocyte yakakomberedzwa nesero capsule yayo, inonzi corona radiata. Kana iyo follicle inosvika pakureba kwayo, yakagadzirira kuvhuvhuta.
6. Corpus luteum: Panguva yekuvhara, iyo oocyte inodzingwa apo follicle inodonha. Masero egranular anowanda kuzadza nzvimbo yakasiiwa neoocyte. Masero aya anoshanduka oita luteal masero, zvichiita kuti pave nefollicle inonzi corpus luteum. Iyo yekupedzisira ine endocrine basa nekugadzira kunyanya progesterone, hormone inobatanidzwa muchiitiko chekusangana kwezai.
7. Muviri muchena: Iyi nhanho yekupedzisira inoenderana nekuderera kwese kwefollicle.

Kugara avhareji yemazuva makumi maviri nemasere, iyo ovarian cycle inoreva zvese zviitiko zvinobvumira kukura kwezai mukati meiyo ovary. Izvi zviitiko zvinodzorwa nemaitiro akasiyana ehomoni uye akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri (28) (2):

• Chikamu chechikamu. Zvinotora kubva pazuva rekutanga kusvika kuzuva rechigumi nemana rekutenderera ovarian uye rinopera panguva yekubuda. Munguva iyi, akati wandei primordial ovarian follicles anotanga kukura. Imwe chete yeiyi maovarian follicles inosvika paDe Graaf follicle stage uye inopindirana nefollicle inokonzera kudzingwa kweoocyte panguva yekuvhara.
• Luteal chikamu. Zvinotora kubva ku14 kusvika ku28 zuva rekutenderera uye rinoenderana nekuderera kwefollicle. Munguva iyi, maovarian follicles anoshanduka kuita yero miviri yobva yachena.

Ovarian cancer. Zvakaipa (cancer) kana benign (zvisina kenza) zvipembenene zvinogona kuonekwa mu ovary, umo maovarian follicles aripo (4). Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kusagadzikana kwepelvic, matambudziko ekuenda kumwedzi kana kurwadziwa.

Ovarian Cyst. Inopindirana nekuvandudzwa kwehomwe kunze kana mukati me ovary. Chimiro che ovarian cyst chinosiyana. Zvikamu zviviri zve cysts zvinosiyaniswa:

• Iwo anonyanya kushanda cysts anogadzirisa ega (1).
• Organic cysts inoda kuchengetwa nekuti inogona kutungamira mukusagadzikana, kurwadziwa, uye mune dzimwe nguva kukura kwekenza maseru.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nehurwere hunoonekwa uye kushanduka kwayo, kupindira kwekuvhiya kunogona kuitwa sekuvhiya kwelaparoscopic mune zvimwe zviitiko zveovarian cysts.

Kurapwa. Zvichienderana nerudzi uye danho rekenza, kurapwa kwebundu kunogona kuperekedzwa nechemotherapy.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekliniki kunoitwa kuti uone uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvinoonekwa nemurwere.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. Zvichienderana nekufungidzirwa kana kupupurirwa pathology, kumwe kuongorora kunogona kuitwa senge ultrasound kana x-ray.

Laparoscopy. Iyi bvunzo inyanzvi ye endoscopic inobvumira kupinda mudumbu remukati, pasina kuvhura madziro edumbu.

Kuongorora kwehupenyu. Kuongororwa ropa kunogona kuitwa kuona, semuenzaniso, mamwe mabundu mamaki.

Pakutanga, maovari aisarudza chete nhengo panogadzirwa mazai mumhuka dzinoparira, saka chiLatin etymological mavambo: ovum, zai. Izwi rekuti ovary rakazopihwa nekufananidzwa nemadzimai gonads mumhuka dzeviviparous, idzo dzakazodaidzwa kunzi dzechikadzi testes (5).