Iyo pastern chikamu cheskeleton yeruoko padanho remuchindwe.

Chinzvimbo. Pastern ndeimwe yematunhu matatu eskeleton yeruoko (1).

Maumbirwo. Kugadzira skeleton yechanza cheruoko, pastern inoumbwa nemapfupa mashanu akareba, anonzi M1 kusvika M5 (2). Metacarpal mapfupa inotaura kumashure nemapfupa e carpal uye mberi ne phalanges, zvichibvumira kuumbwa kweminwe.

Junctions. Mapfupa uye majoini epastern anogadziriswa nemarunda uye tendon. Majoini e metacarpophalangeal anobatanidzwa ne collateral ligaments, pamwe chete ne palmar plate (3).

Kufambisa kwemaoko. Akabatanidzwa nemajoini, iwo metacarpal mapfupa anoiswa mukufamba nekuda kweakawanda tendon uye tsandanyama inopindura kune akasiyana nerve meseji. Kunyanya, ivo vanobvumira kuchinjika uye kuwedzera mafambiro ezvigunwe pamwe nekukwevera uye kubvuta kufamba kwechigunwe (2).

Kubata. Basa rakakosha reruoko, uye kunyanya repastern, kubata, kugona kwenhengo kubata zvinhu (4). 

Metacarpal fractures. Iyo pastern inogona kukanganiswa uye yakatsemuka. Extra-articular fractures inofanira kusiyaniswa kubva kune majoini fractures anosanganisira mubatanidzwa uye zvinoda kunyatsoongorora maronda. Mabhonzo emetacarpal anogona kutyoka kubva pakudonha nechibhakera chakavharwa kana kurohwa kunorema neruoko (5).

osteoporosis. Iyi pathology inogona kukanganisa pastern uye inoumba kurasikirwa kwemapfupa emapfupa ayo anowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vanopfuura makore 60. Inosimbisa kushaya simba kwepfupa uye inokurudzira zvikwereti (6).

chirwere chemumajoini. Inopindirana nemamiriro ezvinhu anoratidzwa nemarwadzo mumajoini, ligaments, tendon kana mapfupa, kunyanya mu metacarpus. Inoratidzwa nekupfeka uye kubvaruka kwecartilage inodzivirira mapfupa emajoini, osteoarthritis ndiyo inowanzozivikanwa yeArthritis. Majoini emaoko anogonawo kukanganiswa nekuzvimba munyaya yerheumatoid arthritis (7). Aya mamiriro anogona kukonzera kuremara kweminwe.

Kudzivirira kuvhunduka uye kurwadziwa muruoko. Kudzikamisa kuputsika uye kusagadzikana kwemisuloskeletal, kudzivirira nekupfeka dziviriro kana kudzidza maitiro akakodzera kwakakosha.

Orthopedic kurapwa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekutyoka, kuiswa kwepurasita kana resin kuchaitwa kuti isafambe ruoko.

Zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaonekwa, mamwe mishonga inogona kurongerwa kugadzirisa kana kusimbisa mapfupa emapfupa.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekutsemuka, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuitwa nekuiswa kwepini kana screw plates.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Pakutanga, kuongororwa kwekliniki kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuziva uye kuongorora kurwadziwa kwemaoko kunoonekwa nemurwere.

Chiremba imaging bvunzo. Kuongororwa kwekliniki kunowanzowedzerwa ne x-ray. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, MRI, CT scan, kana arthrography inogona kuitwa kuti iongorore uye kuona maronda. Scintigraphy kana kunyange bone densitometry inogonawo kushandiswa kuongorora mapfupa emapfupa.

Chishandiso chekukurukurirana. Kubata nemaoko kunowanzobatanidzwa nekutaura.