Pine gomo

Pine gomo (Pinus mugo) muchisiko anogara mumakomo eCentral neSouthern Europe. Rudzi urwu rune akati wandei echisikigo mhando dzakasiyana muhurefu: 

• zvizere - kukura kwavo kwegore negore kunopfuura 30 cm pagore uye nezera remakore gumi rinosvika kureba kwemamita matatu;
• pakati nepakati uye semi-dwarf (semidwarj) - vanokura 15 - 30 cm pagore;
• diki (diki) - kukura kwavo 8 - 15 cm pagore;
• miniature (mini) - vanokura chete 3 - 8 cm pagore;
• microscopic (micro) - kukura kwavo hakupfuuri 1 - 3 cm pagore.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzegomo pine

Ese marudzi emupine emakomo machinjiro echisikigo anoparadzirwa nekubatanidza. Vanosiyana pakureba uye chimiro chekorona. 

Pineapple (Pinus mugo var. pumilio). Iyi imhando yakasiyana-siyana inogona kuwanikwa muAlps neCarpathians. Ikoko inokura muchimiro che shrub kusvika ku 1 m kureba uye kusvika mamita matatu muhupamhi. Matavi awo akareba zvakasiyana uye akananga kumusoro. Tsono dzinowanzova pfupi. Mabuds anochinja ruvara kubva kublue kuenda kupepuru mugore rekutanga, asi paanenge achikura anobva aita yero ozoita brown brown.

Мугус (Pinus mugo var. mughus). Imwe yakasiyana-siyana yakasikwa inogara kuEastern Alps neBalkan Peninsula. Iri igwenzi rakakura, rinosvika kureba kwemamita mashanu. Makoni ayo ane yellow-brown pakutanga, achiva nesinamoni-ruvara paanoibva. 

Pug (Mops). Yakasiyana-siyana, isingapfuuri 1,5 m kureba uye dhayamita imwechete. Matavi ayo mapfupi, tsono idiki, inosvika 4,5 cm kureba. Tsono dzakasvibira. Inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuoma kwechando - kusvika -45 ° С. 

Dwarf (Gnom). Kuenzaniswa nemamwe marudzi echisikigo, iyi yakasiyana-siyana, hongu, idiki pakureba, asi ichiri yakakura - inosvika 2,5 m uye dhayamita 1,5 - 2 m. Pazera duku, inokura muhupamhi, asi inotanga kutambanudza mukukwirira. Tsono dzakasvibira. Inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuoma kwechando - kusvika -40 ° С.

Varella. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chimiro chekorona chisina kujairika. Inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, nezera remakore gumi haipfuuri 10 cm kureba uye 70 cm muhupamhi. Mipaini yevakuru inosvika kureba kwe50 m, uye muhupamhi - 1,5 m. Tsono dzakasvibira. Kuoma kwechando - kusvika -1,2 ° С.

Winter Gold. Yakasiyana-siyana, pazera remakore gumi haipfuuri 10 cm pakureba, uye muhupamhi - 50 m. Tsono dzine ruvara rusina kujairika: ruvara rwegirini muzhizha, goridhe yero muchando. Kuramba kwechando - kusvika -1 ° С.

Aya ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa marudzi uye akasiyana egomo pine, asi kune mamwe asinganyanyi kunakidza:

• Jacobsen (Jacobsen) - ine korona isina kujairika chimiro, inoyeuchidza bonsai, inosvika 40 cm kureba uye kusvika 70 cm muhupamhi;
• Frisia (Frisia) - kusvika 2 m kureba uye kusvika 1,4 m muhupamhi;
• Ofiri (Ofiri) - kuchinjika kuduku nekorona sandara, 30-40 cm kureba uye kusvika 60 cm muhupamhi;
• Sunshine - 90 cm kureba uye 1,4 m muhupamhi;
• San Sebastian 24 - mhando shoma shoma, pamakore gumi haapfuuri 10 cm kureba uye 15 cm muhupamhi.

Kudyara kwegomo pine 

Gomo repine - chirimwa chisingaremekedzi, chinofadza nekunaka kwayo kwemakore mazhinji, asi paine chikonzero chekuti chakasimwa nemazvo.

Chinhu chekutanga kufunga ndechekuti chirimwa ichi chinoda kuwanda kwechiedza. Nokudaro, nzvimbo yacho inofanira kuva yakajeka. 

Mbeu dzepaini dzemakomo dzinotengeswa mumidziyo, saka hapana chikonzero chekuchera gomba guru pasi payo - muhupamhi inofanira kuva inenge 10 cm yakakura kudarika coma yevhu. Asi zvakadzika zvinoda kuitwa zvakanyanya kuitira kuti uise dhizha remvura pasi. 

Zvinokwanisika kudyara mapaini neyakavharwa midzi system (ZKS) kubva pakati paApril kusvika pakati paOctober.

gomo pine care

Mountain pine chirimwa chisingaremekedzi, kutarisirwa kwayo kudiki, asi zvakadaro kunofanira kunge kuri.

Ground

Mipaini yemakomo haidi paivhu, inogona kukura munharaunda chero ipi zvayo, kunze kwenzvimbo dzine matope - haifariri mvura inomira.

Lighting

Mazhinji marudzi uye akasiyana egomo pine anoda kuvhenekera kuzere zuva rese. Pumilio, Mugus uye Pug pines inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuda kwemaitiro avo ekuda chiedza - havabvumiri shading zvachose. Vamwe vose vanogona kushivirira shading shoma. 

Kudiridza

Iyi mapaini inoshivirira nyore kusanaya kwemvura, asi mumwedzi wekutanga mushure mekudyara inoda kudiridza kwakawanda - kamwe pavhiki, 1 litita pagwenzi.

fertilizer

Pakudyara mugomba, hapana fetereza inodiwa.

Kudyisa

Muzvisikwa, mapaini emakomo anokura paurombo, ivhu rematombo, saka havadi kupfeka kwepamusoro - ivo pachavo vanokwanisa kuwana huwandu hunodiwa hwekudya ivo pachavo.

Kuberekwa kwegomo pine 

Zvimiro zvechisikigo zvemupaini wegomo zvinogona kuparadzirwa nembeu. Vasati vadyara, vanofanira kupinda stratification: nokuda kweizvi vanosanganiswa nejecha rakanyorova uye vanochengetwa mufiriji kwemwedzi. Mushure maizvozvi, unogona kudyara muchikoro kusvika pakadzika 1,5 cm.

Varietal mutations inogona kuparadzirwa chete nekubatanidza. Mhando iyi haiparadzi nekucheka.

Mountain pine zvirwere

Mipaini yemakomo inobatwa nezvirwere zvakafanana nemamwe marudzi emapaini. 

Pine spinner (pfuti ngura). Chikonzero chechirwere ichi fungus. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvehutachiona zvinogona kuonekwa pakupera kwemwaka - tsono dzinoshandura ruvara, asi usaputsika. 

Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvirwere zvakanyanya kuipa, chinogona kuparadza muti mumakore mashoma. Uye, nenzira, fungus iyi haingobatanidzi mapaini chete, mauto ayo epakati ari poplar uye aspens. 

Kurapa ngura kunodiwa nekukurumidza kana zviratidzo zvekutanga zvaonekwa. Kurapa neBordeaux liquid (1%) kunopa zvibereko zvakanaka, asi panofanira kuva ne3-4 yavo: mukutanga kwaMay, uyezve dzimwe nguva mbiri nekusiyana kwemazuva mashanu.

Brown Shutte (brown snow mold). Ichi chirwere chinonyanya kushanda munguva yechando - inokura pasi pechando. Chiratidzo chifukidzo chichena pane tsono. 

Pakurapa, mishonga Hom kana Rakurs inoshandiswa (1).

Shoot cancer (scleroderriosis). Ichi chirwere chinokanganisa mashizha, uye zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona kuonekwa pamagumo ematavi - anodonha, achiwana chimiro cheamburera. Muchirimo, tsono pamiti yakakanganisika inoshanduka yero, asi nekukurumidza inoshanduka tsvuku. Kugovera kunoitika kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi. Kana chirwere ichi chikasarapwa, chinofambira mberi uye chinotungamira kurufu rwecortex (2). 

Mipaini midiki, umo dhayamita yetsinde isingapfuuri 1 cm, haibatsiri kurapa - ivo vachafa zvakadaro. Miti yakakura inogona kurapwa, nekuda kweizvi vanoshandisa Fundazol.

zvipukanana zvemupaini

Mountain pine inoshingirira kune zvipembenene, asi imwe ichiri kuwanikwa.

Shield pine. Uyu muenzi asingawanzoshanyira kumakomo mapaini, anofarira Scotch pine, asi kubva kunzara anogona kugara pamhando iyi. Chipembenene chidiki, chinenge 2 mm. Inowanzogara nechepasi petsono. Tsono dzakakuvadzwa dzinoita shava uye dzinodonha. Ichi chipembenene chescale chine rudo rwakakosha kumiti iri pasi pemakore mashanu (5). 

Hazvibatsiri kurwisana nevanhu vakuru - vakafukidzwa nehombodo yakasimba uye zvinodhaka hazvivatore. Asi pane mashoko akanaka - vanorarama mwaka mumwe chete. Asi vanosiya vana vakawanda. Uye zviri pamwe naye kuti iwe unofanirwa kurwisa kusvika mapere awana goko.

Kurapa kurwisa zvipembenene zvidiki kunoitwa muna Chikunguru neActellik.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira

Takataura nezvemipaini yegomo ne agronomist-breeder Svetlana Mikhailova.

Zvitubu zve

1. State catalog yemishonga yezvipembenene uye agrochemicals inotenderwa kushandiswa munharaunda yeFederation kubva munaChikunguru 6, 2021 // Ministry of Agriculture yeFederation.

   https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii-i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-information/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/

2. Zhukov AM, Gninenko Yu.I., Zhukov PD Zvirwere zvidiki-zvakadzidza zvekoniferi mumasango eNyika Yedu: ed. 2nd, rev. uye kuwedzera // Pushkino: VNIILM, 2013. - 128 p.
3. Grey G.A. Pine scale tupembenene - ucaspis pusilla Low, 1883 (Homoptera: Diaspididae) munharaunda yeVolgograd // Entomological uye parasitological tsvakurudzo munharaunda yeVolga, 2017

   https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/schitovka-sosnovaya-ucaspis-pusilla-low-1883-homoptera-diaspididae-v-volgogradskoy-oblasti