Kudyara uye kutarisira sipinashi muvhu rakashama: iyo mikuru mitemo

kumhara

Usati wadyara sipinashi, unoda kugadzirira ivhu. Kuibva kwespinachi magidhi kunoitika nekukurumidza, saka, mafetireza anoshandiswa kuidyisa anofanira kunge ari kukurumidza kuita. Mukutanga kwechirimo, zvinokurudzirwa kuparadzira granular urea pamusoro pechando. Gare gare, usati wadyara mbeu muvhu, unoda kuwedzera zvishoma humus. Zvinofanira kuyeukwa kuti sipinashi mashizha anounganidza nitrate zvakanaka, saka nitrogen fertilizer haifaniri kushandiswa muchirimo.

Izvo zvakanyanya kugadzirira ivhu rekukura sipinashi mukudonha, saka hapana chikonzero chechirimo fertilizing ne nitrogen. Nzvimbo iyo chirimwa chakarongerwa kudyarwa inofanira kucherwa uye yakazara yakazara organic uye mineral fertilizer inounzwa muvhu: manyowa, humus, phosphorus-potassium musanganiswa, sekutonga, musanganiswa wakaoma unogara uine humwe huwandu. nitrogen. Zvadaro muchirimo inoramba ichingosunungura pasi mubindu, uye iwe unogona kudyara sipinashi.

Kurimwa kwetsika kunonyanya kubudirira muvhu rakasununguka rekudya. Mhepo yakanaka uye kunyorova kwemhepo ndiyo mamiriro makuru ekukura kunoshanda kwegirini. Yakanakisa sarudzo ivhu rejecha rine neutrality acid. Muvhu rinorema, ivhu, crusty, sipinashi haifaniri kudyarwa, sezvo izvi zvinoda kunyatsotarisirwa kwezvirimwa, uye mukana wekukohwa kwakanaka wakaderera zvikuru.

Zvadaro, unoda kutarisira kugadzirira kwembeu. Mbeu dzeSipinachi dzine ganda rakanyanya dense, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuinyudza mumvura inodziya kwezuva, wozoisa mune mhinduro ye potassium permanganate kwemaawa akati wandei, uye mushure meizvozvo inogona kudyarwa muvhu rakavhurika. Kune mamwe marudzi espinashi, akadai seNew Zealand, Victoria, Corenta, ane mbeu dzisina kukurumidza kumera - kunyura kune marudzi aya kunoda nguva yakareba (kusvika kumazuva maviri), uye nekushandiswa kwebiostimulants.

Kudyara chirimwa muvhu rakavhurika kunogona kuitwa kubva kumbeu uye kubva mbeu. Nekudaro, nzira yekudyara haina kufarirwa zvakanyanya, sezvo zvirimwa zvidiki zvine midzi isina kusimba uye zvinotora midzi zvakanyanya muvhu. Zvinonzwisisika kudyara chete kupisa-rudo marudzi (Matador, New Zealand) yembeu, izvo zvisingadiwi kudyara zvakananga muvhu mukutanga kwechirimo.

Kuti udyare mbeu munyika munzvimbo yakavhurika, unofanirwa kuita miforo isina kudzika yehupi hurefu muvhu rakagadzirirwa kure ne15-20 cm kubva kune mumwe. Zvadaro, dururira mvura pamusoro pemitsara uye udyare mbeu mairi, usadyara kwete kupfuura 1,5-2 cm muvhu. Sipinachi inodzivirira kutonhora, asi kana kudyara kuchiitwa mukutanga kwechirimo, zviri nani kuitamba zvakachengeteka uye kuvhara mubhedha mubindu nefirimu - izvi hazvingodziviriri mbeu kubva kunotonhora, asiwo kukurumidza kumera kwayo. Kubva kumbeu dzakagadzirirwa zvakanaka, mbesa dzinoonekwa mumazuva 5-7.

Vagari vomuguta, pamwe chete negourmets vanoda kuwana vhitamini girini gore rose, vanofarira zvikuru mubvunzo: nzira yekukura sipinashi pahwindo reimba yako, uye chii chinofanira kuva kutarisirwa kwemiti? Kukura greenery kumba pamhanza kana windowsill hakuna kuoma pane kuidyara munyika. Kutanga iwe unoda kugadzirira chigadziko uye musanganiswa wevhu.

Pamba, unogona kudyara sipinachi nemhodzi muhari yemaruva yenguva dzose, kana chigadziko chepurasitiki chine maburi pazasi, kubva kwaunokwanisa kunyudza zvirimwa mumudziyo wakasiyana. Pazasi pepoto (mudziyo) zvakakosha kuisa dhiri remvura, sezvo sipinashi inoda unyoro zvakanyanya, asi mvura inomira inokuvadza kwairi.

Musanganiswa wevhu wekurima mbesa kumba unogona kugadzirirwa kubva kune 1 chikamu chejecha, 2 zvikamu zveturf uye yakaenzana humus, kana kushandisa substrate ine 1 chikamu chebiohumus uye 2 zvikamu zvekokonati fiber. Kudyara mbeu kunoitwa pakadzika 1,5-2 cm, mudziyo wakafukidzwa nefirimu kana girazi kusvikira kumera. Pamba, sekutonga, mhepo yakanyanya kuoma uye inodziya, uye zvinomera zvinoda tembiricha ye15-17 ° C yekukura kwakajairika, saka unofanirwa kuve nehanya nekugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Vhidhiyo "Zvese nezvekurima sipinachi"

Vhidhiyo yekuratidzira ine matipi uye ruzivo rwekukura sipinachi.

Peculiarities yekukura

Sipinachi haidi chero kutarisirwa kwakakosha uye mamiriro, sezvo chiri chirimwa chekutanga kuibva uye chisina kuremekedza, zvisinei, pane mamwe mapoinzi uye maficha, uchifunga nezve izvo zvaunogona kuita kuti kurimwa kwemiriwo inobatsira kubudirire uye kubereka zvakanyanya:

• mbatatisi, radishes, legumes, makomkomere, zucchini, tomate inoonekwa seyakanyanya kufanotangira sipinachi, nekuwedzera, iwe haufanirwe kudyara chirimwa kweanopfuura makore matatu munzvimbo imwechete;

• chirongwa chekurima zvirimwa chinofanira kuvhurika zuva (varimi vane ruzivo vanokurudzira kudyara sipinashi pachikomo chidiki), asi muzhizha rinopisa chirimwa chinonzwa zvakanaka kunyange mumumvuri usina kukwana;

• sipinachi zvinomera hazvipfuuri mwedzi miviri - kuitira kuti tive nemiriwo ine utano mumwaka wose, zvinokurudzirwa kudyara mbeu munyika mumatanho akawanda nepakati pemavhiki maviri;

• iwe unogona kudyara zvirimwa muvhu rakavhurika kwete muchirimo chete, asiwo mukuvhuvhu - kana mbeu dzakadyarwa mukupera kwaAugust - Gunyana, ipapo magidhi matsva achaonekwa mukutanga kwechirimo, uye mhodzi dzakanyura dzichava dzakasimba uye kukohwa kubva kwavari. zvichava zvemhando yepamusoro;

• zvinomera hazvikuri zvakanaka muvhu rine acidic - acidity inogona kuderedzwa nekuwedzera lime, choko, upfu hwe dolomite;

• kuti uwedzere nguva yekukura kwepinashi, varimi vane ruzivo vanokurudzira kutema misoro yemiti yemiti yevanhu vakuru - izvi zvinobatsira pakuumbwa kwemashizha matsva uye kudzivirira kuonekwa kwemiseve ine peduncles.

Inofanirawo kurangarirwa kuti kurimwa kweimwe neimwe yakasiyana-siyana yepinashi ine maitiro ayo. Kazhinji hapana matambudziko nemhando dzekutanga kuibva, dzakadai seGigantic, Godri, uye yazvino yakakurumbira hybrid Matador inokurawo zvakanaka. Asi, semuenzaniso, sipinachi yeNew Zealand inonyanya kudiwa pamamiriro ezvinhu. Kutanga, kudyara kwemhando yeNew Zealand munzvimbo yakavhurika kunofanirwa kuitwa chete kubva pamichero, sezvo tsika yacho yakanyanya thermophilic. Chechipiri, mhodzi dzemhando iyi dzinomera zvisina kunaka, uye munhu haagone kuita pasina chinosimudzira kukura.

Nekudaro, inodiwa nevakawanda, sipinachi yeNew Zealand inewo zvimwe zvakanakira: nekuda kwekusvibira kwayo, zvinomera zvevanhu vakuru zvinodzvanya kukura kwesora, saka hazvidi kusakura, uye kunze kweizvi, mhando yeNew Zealand haitumbuki uye haina maruva. pfura miseve munguva yekusanaya kwemvura, sezvinongoita mamwe marudzi. Kukura tsika kumba kunewo maitiro ayo. Kana mbeu dzakasimwa munguva yechando, zvino zvingangoita kuti zvirimwa hazvizove nechiedza chezuva chakakwana uye kuwedzera kujekesa kunodiwa. Tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti mufurati inogara ichidziya uye yakaoma, uye sipinashi chirimwa chinoda unyoro, unofanirwa kugara uchitarisa hunyoro hwevhu uye kugara uchipfapfaidza mashizha.

Care

Kutarisira sipinashi mumunda wakashama kunosanganisira kusakura nenguva uye kudiridza. Kusakura kwekutanga kunoitwa nokukurumidza apo mashizha maviri ekutanga anoonekwa pamiti - munguva iyi, mubhedha unofanira kuderedzwa kunze, uchisiya mashizha akasimba ari kure ne10-15 cm. Panguva imwecheteyo, masora anofanira kubviswa uye nzira dzinofanira kusunungurwa. Kuwedzera kutarisirwa kwetsika kunosanganisira imwe 3-4 weeding.

Iwe unofanirwa kudiridza mubhedha kazhinji, sezvo kusanaya kwemvura kunotungamirira kune kunyura kwemakwenzi uye kupera kwekukura kwemashizha akasvibirira, asi zvinomera hazvifaniri kunge zvakazara. Sipinachi inoiswa fetereza chete kana ichikura muvhu rakapera - mafetireza anoiswa panguva yekurima ivhu anokwana pavhu rakaorera. Sipinachi girini, inorimwa kumba muhari, inoda kutarisirwa kushoma: kugara uchidiridza, kusunungura, uye kupfapfaidza mashizha. Mimba yemba inoda chiedza chemasikati chakawanda, asi hunyoro hunoda kunge hwakakwira zvakakwana.

Sipinachi haiwanzo kurwara, asi kuonekwa kweupfu uye kuora pamashizha hakubviswi. Muchiitiko ichi, kuchengetedza kunosanganisira kubvisa zvirimwa zvinorwara kubva mubindu, sezvo zvisingafadzi kushandisa makemikari emutsika.

kukohwa

Vanotanga kuunganidza sipinachi apo mashizha mashanu-5 anokura muhombe. Pamhando imwe neimwe, nguva iyi inotanga panguva dzakasiyana: marudzi ekutanga kuibva (Godry, Giant) anoibva mumazuva 8-18 kubva pazuva rekudyara, kunonoka uye pakati pekuibva kwemarudzi (Victoria, New Zealand) akagadzirira kukohwa mu25- 6 mavhiki. Kunyange kana sipinachi yeNew Zealand yakasimwa kubva pamichero, kukohwa kwekutanga kunogona kutorwa kwete mberi kwemwedzi gare gare, kubvira pakutanga mushure mekudyara mbeu dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma.

Paunenge uchiunganidza magidhi, unofanirwa kubvarura mashizha ekunze, uchisiya pakati pekubuda. Zviri nani kukohwa mangwanani mushure mekunge dova raoma, kana manheru asati aonekwa - magidhi anofanira kunge akaoma, sezvo mashizha akanyorova anoora nokukurumidza. Nguva yekukohwa inobva pakuti mashizha anochekwa kakawanda sei uye kuti bindu rinochengetwa zvakanaka sei. Chero zvazvingava, sipinashi inokohwewa chete mbesa isati yatumbuka.

Sipinachi kuchengetedza

Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekuchengeta sipinachi. Nokuda kwekuchengetedza kwenguva pfupi, magidhi anopetwa mu polyethylene kana jira rakanyorova uye akaiswa mufiriji, asi mashizha anofanira kunge akaoma, sezvo mvura inonaya ichakurumidza kuora. Pakupisa kubva pa0 kusvika +1 ° C, sipinashi mashizha anochengetwa kwemazuva gumi.

Nekuchengetedza kwenguva refu, sipinashi inoomeswa nechando, yakaomeswa, uye yakaiswa mumagaba. Nokuda kwechando, zvose maruva matsva uye blanched, kana kuchekwa kune puree state zvakakodzera. Kuomesa mashizha matsva, mashizha anofanira kushambidzwa, akaomeswa, obva achekwa, oiswa mubhegi kana mugaba, oiswa mufiriji. Zvimwe chete zvinogona kuitwa ne blanched sipinashi.

Nokuda kwekuomeswa, magidhi anogadzirirwa nenzira imwecheteyo sechando, anongopararira pamapepa kana pepa rekubika, akaiswa munzvimbo yakaoma, ine rima, uko kuomeswa kunoitika. Madzimai akawanda epamba anodzidzira nzira yekukohwa yakadai semunyu kana kuisa mugaba. Muzviitiko zvose izvi, sipinashi inochengetedza ruvara rwakanyanya rwegirini uye zvinhu zvinobatsira.

Vhidhiyo "Manomano ekudyara sipinachi"

Vhidhiyo inodzidzisa ine mazano anobatsira ekudyara miriwo.