Mukati
Kuberekwa Kunobatsirwa Nezvokurapa (PMA) yakagadzirwa ne mutemo webioethics yaJuly 1994, yakagadziridzwa muna July 2011. Zvinoratidzwa apo vaviri vacho vanenge vatarisana ne ” kushaya mbereko kunoratidzwa nemishonga Kana kudzivirira kutapurirwa kwechirwere chakakomba kumwana kana kune imwe yenhengo dzevakaroorana. Akanga ari yakawedzera muna Chikunguru 2021 kune vakadzi vasina varume uye vakadzi vakaroora, vanogona kuwana rubatsiro rwekubereka pasi pemamiriro akafanana neanoita varume nevakadzi.
Ovarian kukurudzira: danho rekutanga
La kukurudzira ovarian ndiyo yakapfava uye kazhinji chirevo chekutanga chakaitwa kune vaviri vari kusangana nedambudziko rembereko, kunyanya kanakusavapo d'ovulation (anovulation) kana isingawanzo uye / kana yakashata mhando ovulation (dysovulation). Ovarian stimulation inosanganisira kuwedzera kugadzirwa nemaovha ehuwandu hwemafollicles akakura, uye nekudaro kuwana ovulation yemhando.
Chiremba achatanga kurayira kurapwa nemuromo (clomiphene citrate) iyo inosimudzira kugadzirwa nekuvandudzwa kweoocyte. Aya mahwendefa anotorwa pakati pezuva rechipiri uye rechitanhatu rekutenderera. Kana pasina mhedzisiro mushure mekutenderera kwakawanda, iyojekiseni rehomoni inobva yarongwa. Munguva yekurapa ovarian kukurudzira, kuongororwa kwekurapa kunokurudzirwa nebvunzo senge ultrasound scans uye mahormone assays kuti atarise zvabuda uye pamwe nekugadzirisa madosi (kunzvenga chero njodzi ye hyperstimulation, uye nekudaro zvisingadiwe mhedzisiro. ).
Artificial insemination: nzira yekare yekubatsira kubereka
THEintifying insemination ndiyo nzira yechinyakare yekuzvara yakabatsirwa nemishonga asiwo ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, kunyanya kumatambudziko ekushaya mbereko kwemurume uye kutadza kubereka. Artificial insemination inosanganisira kuisa sperm mudumbu romukadzi. Yakareruka uye isingarwadze, kuvhiya uku hakudi kuchipatara uye kunogona kudzokororwa pamusoro akati wandei. Artificial insemination inowanzotangirwa nekukurudzira ovulation.
IVF: kubereka kunze kwemuviri wemunhu
La in vitro kusangana (IVF) inokurudzirwa muzviitiko zvekuvhiringidzwa kwe ovulation, tubal obstruction kana, muvarume, kana mbeu inofambisa isina kukwana. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuunza maoocytes (ova) uye spermatozoa kusangana kunze kwemuviri wechikadzi, munzvimbo inokodzera kurarama kwavo (murabhoritari), nechinangwa che urume. Mazuva matatu mushure mokunge mazai aunganidzwa, embryo inowanika inoiswa muchibereko cheamai vanozove.
Chiyero chekubudirira chakatenderedza 25%. Kubatsira kweiyi nzira: inoita kuti zvikwanise "kusarudza" yakanakisa mhando yespermatozoa uye ova, nekuda kwekugadzirira kwespermatozoa uye pamwe nekukurudzira ovarian. Uye izvi, kuitira kuwedzera mikana yekubereka. Kurapa uku dzimwe nguva kunoguma nhumbu dzakawanda, nokuda kwenhamba yema embryos (maviri kana matatu) akaiswa muchibereko.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): imwe nzira yeIVF
Imwe nzira yekuita in vitro fertilization ndeye intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Zvinosanganisira microinjection yesperm mu cytoplasm ye a mature oocyte kushandisa micropipette. Iyi nzira inogona kuratidzwa kana paine kutadza kwe in vitro fertilization (IVF) kana kana sample kubva ku testis ichidikanwa kuti uwane mukana wembeu. Kubudirira kwayo kwakatenderedza 30%.
Kugamuchira embryos: nzira isingawanzo shandiswa
Iyi nzira yekubatsira kubereka inosanganisira kuisa muchibereko embryo kubva kuvabereki vanopa. Kuti vabatsirwe kubva mukutamiswa kwemazai akaomeswa nechando anopiwa asingazivikanwe nevaviri vakamboitwa chirongwa cheART, vaviri ava vanowanzotambura nekushaya mbereko kaviri kana njodzi yekutapurirwa kwechirwere chinozivikanwa. Zvakare, kuedza kwakajairika pakuzvara kunobatsirwa nemishonga kwakatoedzwa uye kwakakundikana.