dziviriro

-Kushaikwa kweIodine kunofanirwa kudziviswa, sezvo iri njodzi kune thyroid nodules.

-Marapirwo eradiation ari nani uye akagadziridzwa zvirinani kuitira kuti ape chete shoma shoma inodiwa muchiitiko chega chega, uye kudzikisira kukanganisa pathyroid.

Kuongororwa

Chiremba anotanga asarudza, nerubatsiro rwekuongorora kwakasiyana-siyana, chimiro chenodule. Kurapa kana kusarapwa kunosarudzwa zvakakodzera. Pamberi pema1980, mazhinji emapundu akabviswa nekuvhiyiwa. Kubva ipapo, nzira dzekuongorora uye dzekurapa dzakakwenenzverwa kuitira kuti zvishande chete kana zvichikosha. 

Kuongororwa kwekliniki

Kuongororwa kwemutsipa kuchasimbisa kana kwete kuti kuzvimba kwakabatana nethyroid, tarisa kuti inorwadza here kana kwete, imwe chete kana yakawanda, yakaoma, yakasimba kana kuti yakapfava, uye tarisa kuvapo kwema lymph nodes mumutsipa.

Ongororo yakajairika inotarisa zviratidzo zvekusashanda zvakanaka kwethyroid

Chiremba anozobvunzawo kuti ndezvipi marapirwo anowanzo kutorwa nemunhu, pfungwa yenhoroondo yezvinetso zvethyroid mumhuri, kupenya kwemutsipa muhuduku, kwakabva geographical, izvo zvinokonzeresa (fodya, kushaya ayodhini, nhumbu)

Thyroid hormone assay 

Kuongororwa kweropa kwehomoni TSH inodzora kugadzirwa kwehomoni yethyroid inoita kuti zvikwanise kutarisa kuti kugadzirwa kwehomoni yetroroid kwakajairika, kuwandisa (hyperthyroidism) kana kusakwana (hypothyroidism) .Chiyero chehomoni yethyroid T3 uye T4 inongodiwa chete kana TSH haina kujairika. Isu tinotarisa zvakare kuvepo kweanorwisa thyroid antibodies. Calcitonin inokumbirwa kana imwe mhando yegomarara ichifungidzirwa, medullary thyroid cancer. 

Ultrassom

Iyi ndiyo nzira inosarudzwa yekuongorora thyroid nodules. Zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuona mazamu e2 mm mudhayamita kana kupfuura uye kuziva huwandu hwemanodule uye kuvepo kwekugona kwe multinodular goiter. Imaging inoshandiswawo kusiyanisa chimiro chakasimba, chemvura kana chakasanganiswa chepfundo. Zvichienderana nechitarisiko chayo uye hukuru hwayo inopa nharo mukufarira hunhu kana huipi hunotungamira kubvunza kana kusabaya. Inobvumirawo mushure mekurapa kutevera kushanduka kwenodule. 

Thyroid scan

Inongokumbirwa chete kana TSH hormone dosage yakaderera.

Kuita thyroid scintigraphy, mushure mekutora radioactive markers senge iodine kana technetium, tinocherekedza nzira iyo iodine inoparadzirwa nayo muthyroid gland.

Ongororo iyi inotsanangura kushanda kwese kwegland, inogona kuratidza machundu asingaonekwi palpation uye inotarisa kuti zvipfukuto "zvichitonhora" zvine kuderera kwethyroid hyperfunction, "inopisa" nekuwanda kwekugadzirwa kwemahomoni, kana "neutral"Neyakajairwa mahomoni. kushanda.

A nodule inopisa inenge inogara isina kunaka, saka haisi yegomarara rekutanga. Cold nodules igomarara kazhinji kazhinji, kunyangwe 90% ichiri nyoro.

The puncture ye nodule pasi pe ultrasound control inokumbirwa kana hunhu hwekiriniki kana kutaridzika pa Ultrasound kunoratidza huipi hwehunduru. (cf. pepa) Achishandisa tsono yakanaka, chiremba anoshuvira masero emupundu kuti atariswe nemicroscopic yehunhu hwavo uye kuongorora muzvarirwo, bhenen kana kenza, yegunduru. Inobatsirawo kubvisa cystic nodule.

Iyo puncture inovandudzwa kana isingaite

Iyi miedzo inogona kuwedzerwa ne thyroid scintigraphy, CT scan kana MRI. Kana gomarara rethyroid richifungidzirwa, kazhinji ndiko kupindira kwekuvhiya nekuongorora kwake kwebundu izvo zvinoita kuti zvigoneke kana kusazvisimbisa.

Mishonga

Radioactive ayodhini. Inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinopindirana nekuvhiyiwa kwekenza yekenza kuti iparadze chero masero ethyroid angave asina kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa.

Radioactive iodine inoshandiswawo kurapa ("inopisa") nodules inokonzera zviratidzo zve hyperthyroidism. Kurapa kwemwedzi miviri kusvika ku2 kazhinji kunokwana kuti zviputi zvigadziriswe uye kuti zviratidzo zve hyperthyroidism zvipere. Iodine inotorwa nemuromo mu capsule kana fomu yemvura. Kurapa uku kunokonzera zvachose hypothyroidism mune inenge 3% yezviitiko, nokuti iyodhidhi yeradioactive iodine inoparadza masero anobudisa mahomoni. Iyi hypothyroidism yechipiri kune kurapwa inogona kubhadharwa nekurapa nehomoni yethyroid inotorwa nguva dzose. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mapundu anorapwa nekuvhiyiwa.

sejari. Inobvisa lobe imwe kana thyroid yese (thyroidectomy). Inotaridzwa kana zvipfukuto zvine kenza kana fungidziro yehutsinye, kana kana ari hypersecreting (kuita yakawandisa thyroid hormone) kana yakakura. Hupenyu hwese thyroid hormone replacement therapy (levothyroxine) inowanzodiwa. Pashure pacho, munhu akavhiyiwa anozotora kutsiva thyroid mahormone mazuva ese.

Nodules pasina hormonal secretion kusagadzikana uye iyo vhoriyamu isingasviki ¾ cm inotariswa mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega kusvika pagore.