Alexander Minin, muongorori anotungamira paInstitute of Global Climate uye Ecology yeRoshydromet uye Russian Academy yeScience, ari kuyedza kudzikamisa hunyanzvi hunoyerwa nevakawanda kutora chikamu kwavo mukushanduka kwezvakatipoteredza. “Kutaura kwomunhu kuchengetedza chisiko kunogona kuenzaniswa nokurira kwenhata kuti aponese nzou,” anogumisa nenzira yakarurama.
Kukundikana chaiko kwemusangano wepasi rose wezvemhoteredzo wegore rapfuura pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze muCopenhagen kwakaita kuti Chiremba weBiology afunge nezvechokwadi chechirevo che “kuchengetedza zvisikwa”.
Hezvino zvaanonyora:
Munzanga, pane, mumaonero angu, nzira mbiri maererano nemasikirwo: yekutanga ndiyo tsika "kuchengetedza zvisikwa", mhinduro yematambudziko ega ega ezvakatipoteredza sezvaanoonekwa kana kuwanikwa; chechipiri kuchengetedzwa kwemunhu semhando yebiological muchimiro chePasi. Zviripachena, nzira dzebudiriro munzvimbo idzi dzichasiyana.
Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, nzira yekutanga inokunda, uye Copenhagen 2009 yakava chiitiko chayo chine musoro uye chakakosha. Zvinoita sekuti iyi inzira yakafa, kunyangwe ichiyevedza. Kufa kwekufa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Kutaura kwevanhu kuti vanochengetedza zvisikwa kunogona kufananidzwa nekurira kwenhata kuti aponese nzou.
Iyo biosphere yePasi ndiyo yakanyanya kuomesesa system, misimboti uye nzira dzekushanda dzatichangotanga kudzidza. Yakafamba rwendo rurefu (mabhiriyoni akawanda emakore) nzira yemhindumupindu, yakamirisana nenjodzi zhinji dzepasi, ichiperekedzwa neshanduko inenge yakazara muzvidzidzo zvehupenyu hwehupenyu. Pasinei nekuita sekunge, nechiyero chenyeredzi, ephemeral hunhu (ukobvu hweiyi "firimu rehupenyu" makumi emakumi emakiromita emakiromita), iyo biosphere yakaratidza kugadzikana kunoshamisa uye simba. Miganho uye nzira dzekugadzikana kwayo hazvisati zvajeka.
Munhu anongova chikamu chegadziriro iyi inoshamisa, iyo yakabuda nemitemo yekushanduka-shanduka "maminetsi" mashomanana apfuura (isu tinenge miriyoni yemakore), asi tinozviisa pachedu sekutyisidzira kwepasi rose mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura - "sekondi". Iyo system (biosphere) yePasi ichazvichengetedza, uye ingobvisa zvinhu zvinokanganisa chiyero chayo, sezvakaitika mamirioni enguva munhoroondo yepasi. Kuti zvichave sei nesu mubvunzo wehunyanzvi.
Chepiri. Kurwisana kwekuchengetedzwa kwechisikigo kunoitika kwete nechikonzero, asi nemigumisiro, iyo nhamba yacho isingadzivisiki inokura zuva rega rega. Patakangoponesa bison kana Siberian Crane kubva pakuparara, makumi nemazana emarudzi emhuka, kuvapo kwatisingatombofungidziri, kuri mungozi. Tichagadzirisa matambudziko ekudziya kwemamiriro ekunze - hapana munhu anogona kuvimbisa kuti mumakore mashoma isu hatizove nehanya nekutonhora kunoenderera (kunyanya sezvo, pamwe chete nekudziya, chiitiko chaicho chepasi rose dimming chiri kuitika, icho chinonetesa greenhouse effect. ) Zvichingoenda zvakadaro.
Chikonzero chikuru chematambudziko ose aya chinonyatsozivikanwa - muenzaniso wemusika wehupfumi. Kunyange pakutanga kwezana remakore rapfuura, yakaungana pane imwe nzvimbo yeEurope, nyika yose yairarama pamitemo yehupfumi hwetsika. Mazuva ano, iyi modhi iri kushandiswa nekukurumidza uye nekushingairira kutenderera pasirese. Zviuru zvezvirimwa, mafekitari, vanochera, oiri, gasi, matanda, migodhi yemarasha uye zvivako zvekugadzira zvinhu pasi rose zviri kushanda kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa nevagari vemunyika zvinoramba zvichikura.
Kana iyi nzira yeSamoyed isina kumira, ipapo mhinduro yemamwe matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza, pamwe nekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, inoshanduka kuva kurwisana nemhepo. Kumisa zvinoreva kudzikisira kunwa, uye zvakanyanya. Nharaunda (kunyanya nzanga yekuMadokero, nekuti kusvika pari zvino ndiyo mashandisirwo ayo anotenderedza iyi sosi-inoparadza spiral) yakagadzirira kurambidzwa kwakadaro uye kurambwa chaiko kwemisimboti yehupfumi hwemusika? Nezvose zvinoratidzika kushushikana kwenyika dzekuMadokero dzine matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza uye kuda kwavo kuzvigadzirisa, zvakaoma kutenda mukuramba "nheyo dzedemokrasi".
Pamwe hafu yevagari vekuEurope vanogara mumakomisheni akasiyana siyana, makomiti, mapoka anoshanda ekuchengetedza, kudzivirira, kutonga ... nezvimwe. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anokodzera vazhinji, kusanganisira veruzhinji uye vezvematongerwo enyika (pane nzvimbo yekuzviratidza), mabhizinesi (imwe chitsigiro mumakwikwi emakwikwi, uye zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kukosha zuva rega rega). Mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura, takaona kubuda kweakatevedzana akasiyana epasi rose "kutyisidzirwa kwezvakatipoteredza" ("ozone hole", chirwere chinopenga chemombe, nguruve uye shiri furuwenza, nezvimwewo). Chikamu chikuru chazvo chakakurumidza kunyangarika, asi mari yakagoverwa pakudzidza kwavo kana kurwisana navo, uye yakawanda, uye mumwe munhu akagamuchira mari iyi. Uyezve, rutivi rwesainzi rwezvinetso zvichida harutori zvishoma kubva muzana, imwe yasara imari nezvematongerwe enyika.
Kudzokera kumamiriro ekunze, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti hapana we "vapikisi" wekudziya anopesana nekuderedza mhepo inopisa gasi. Asi iyi haisi dambudziko rezvisikwa, asi redu. Zviripachena kuti kuburitsa (chero) kunofanirwa kudzikiswa, asi sei uchisungirira nyaya iyi kudambudziko rekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze? Kutonhora kudiki kutonhora sechando chino (nekurasikirwa kukuru kweEurope!) kunogona kuita basa rakashata pakatarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya: "vanopikisa" dzidziso yekudziya kwemamiriro ekunze anthropogenic vachawana kadhi rekubvisa chero zvirambidzo pakuburitswa zvachose: zvisikwa. , vanodaro, ari kutsungirira zvakakwana.
Zano rekuchengetedza munhu sezvisikwa zvipenyu, mukuona kwangu, rine zvarinoreva, rakajeka kubva munzvimbo dzezvakatipoteredza uye dzehupfumi pane kurwira pamativi mazhinji ekuchengetedza zvisikwa. Kana chero gungano rinodiwa mumunda wekuchengetedzwa kwezvisikwa, saka iyi gungano rekuchengetedza munhu semhando yehupenyu. Inofanira kuratidzira (tichifunga nezvetsika, tsika, mararamiro, nezvimwewo) zvinodiwa zvinokosha zvemhoteredzo yevanhu, nokuda kwemabasa evanhu; mumitemo yenyika, izvi zvinodiwa zvinofanirwa kuratidzwa uye kutevedzerwa zvakasimba, zvienderane nemamiriro avo.
Nekungonzwisisa nzvimbo yedu mubhayosphere tinogona kuzvichengetedza muzvisikwa uye kuderedza kukanganisa kwedu pairi. Nenzira iyi, nenzira, dambudziko rekuchengetedza zvisikwa, iro rinokwezva kune chikamu chine hanya chenzanga, richagadziriswawo.