Shod Row (Tricholoma caligatum) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Shod row (Tricholoma caligatum)

• Matsutake
• Mutsara wakaonekwa

• Row spotted;
• Matsutake;
• Pine mushroom;
• pine nyanga.

Shod Row (Tricholoma caligatum) howa hunodyiwa hwemhuri yeTricholomov, genus Ryadovok.

Shod row (Tricholoma caligatum) inozivikanwa zvakare pasi pezita rakasiyana - matsutake. howa uhu hunobereka michero zvakanaka, asi kazhinji zvakaoma kuuwana. Chinhu chacho ndechokuti michero yemichero yemutsara wakatarisa yakanyatsovanzwa pasi pemucheka wemashizha akawa. Nekuda kwekuomerwa kwekuwana mutengo uye kukosha kweiyo fruiting miviri yeshangu mutsara, inorambidzwa yakakwirira.

Chimiro chechimiro chefungus chakatsanangurwa kuvapo kwemakumbo akareba uye akadyarwa zvakadzika muvhu, kureba kwayo kunogona kusvika 7-10 cm. Basa guru remunhongi wehowa akawana miviri yezvibereko zvemutsara wakajeka munzira yake ndeyekubvisa fungus kubva muvhu pasina kukuvara. Iyo howa haina kunyatsozivikanwa, asi yakanaka pakudya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana.

Iyo dhayamita yecap yemitsara ine mavara inosiyana pakati pe5-20 cm. Iyo inoratidzirwa ne semicircular chimiro, gobvu, ine nyama, mumiviri yakaibva inobereka iyo iri flat-convex, ine tubercle mukati mechikamu. Muvara wechivharo unogona kuva brownish-chestnut kana brownish-grey. Nzvimbo yaro yese yakafukidzwa nediki, zvikero zvakatsikirirwa zvakaiswa pane yakareruka kumashure. Kakawanda, pamusoro pemuviri wemuchero wemutsara wakajeka, zvakasara zvevhavha rinowanzoonekwa. Micheto yecap yehowa yakatsanangurwa inoratidzwa neruvara ruchena, kusaenzana, uye kupenya.

Kureba kwegumbo remitsara ine mavara ndeye 5-12 cm, uye dhayamita yavo inosiyana pakati pe1.5-2.5 cm. Gumbo pacharo riri pakati, rine chimiro checylindrical uye tapers padyo nechigadziko. Rudzi rwechidzitiro pasi pemhete runogona kunge rwuine upfu kana chena, uye pasi pemhete yakafukidzwa zvakanyanya nezvikero zvine ruvara rwakafanana nezviyero zvakavhara chivharo. Panguva imwecheteyo, zviyero zviri pamusoro pegumbo zvine nzvimbo dzakanongedza, notches.

Mhete iri pachitsiko chehowa inotsanangurwa zvakanaka, yakafukidzwa nenhamba yakawanda yezviyero kunze, uye yakachena zvachose mukati. Iyo pulp yehowa ine kunhuhwirira kwakanaka kwemuchero uye kuravira, kunoratidzwa nemuchena muchena. Iyo hymenophore yemutsara ine mavara ndeye lamellar. Mahwendefa ari mukugadzirwa kwayo anowanzo kuwanikwa, kazhinji anonamatira pamusoro pemuviri we fruiting, ane ruvara ruchena. Iyo spore powder yemhando dzakatsanangurwa dzefungus inoratidzirwawo nemuchena muchena.

Shod rowing inokura mu coniferous (kunyanya pine), pamwe chete nemusanganiswa (pine-oak) masango. Kunyanya kushanda fruiting kunoitika kubva munaSeptember kusvika kuNovember (kureva, munguva yose yevhu).

Kuumbwa kwemitumbi yemichero yemitsara ine mavara kunoitika pakadzika zvakakura zvakakwana kune zvirimwa zvakadaro muvhu. Hunde hwehowa uhwu huri pakadzika kubva pasi pevhu, nekudaro, pakukohwa, howa hunofanirwa kucherwa. Kunhuhwirira kwekukwasva shangu kwakasiyana chaizvo, kwakafanana nekunhuhwirira kweanise. Sezvineiwo, apo chibereko chemuchero chemhando yehowa inotsanangurwa inooneka pamusoro, ivhu rinotanga kuputika zvakasimba. Howa yakadaro haiwanzowaniki mune imwe fomu, inokura zvikuru mumapoka makuru.

Panharaunda yeNyika Yedu, mitsetse ine mavara inokura zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzekumabvazuva dzenyika. Iwe unogona kusangana naye muUrals, munharaunda yeIrkutsk (Eastern Siberia), muKhabarovsk Territory uye Amur Region. Uye muPrimorsky Territory, mitsara yeshangu inosanganisirwa muRed Book. Howa yakadaro haiwanzowaniki munyika dzeEurope.

Matsutake fruiting inowanzoitika mupine uye yakasanganiswa (pine-oak) masango. Vanokwanisa kugadzira mycorrhiza nemiti yeconiferous (kunyanya mapaini). Haikwanise kuumba mycorrhiza nemiti inodonha, kunyanya mioki. Mitsetse ine mavara inosarudza minda yekare yepine kuti ikure. Pakatenderedza muti wemukoniferi, howa uhwu hunoumba anonzi madenderedzwa evaroyi, achiungana mumapoka makuru. Zvinonakidza kuti mitsara ine mavara inovanda neunyanzvi pasi pemashizha akadonha emiti yakamira pedyo nemipaini. Howa hunotsanangurwa hunoda kukura muvhu rakaoma, risina kunyanya kuorera. Coloni yemitsara ine mavara haikure munzvimbo imwechete kwemakore anopfuura gumi.

Shod mitsara - howa hushoma, uye saka kupa goho chete kana mamwe mamiriro ekunze akagadzwa. Kuti kukohwa kwemitsara yeshod kuve kwakanaka, zvinodikanwa kuti tembiricha yemasikati isapfuure 26 ºC, uye tembiricha yehusiku haisi pasi pe15 ºC. Chimwe chiitiko chakakosha pakukura kwematsutake inopfuura 20 mm yekunaya mukati memazuva zana apfuura. Kana mamiriro ekunze akakodzera akagadzirwa pakupera kwezhizha, ipapo fruiting yemitsara ine mavara inogona kuitika kutanga kwaAugust.

Shod row (Tricholoma caligatum) ndeyehuwandu hwehowa hunodyiwa, uye hune kunaka kwekunaka. Iyo inonyanya kukoshesa muJapan uye nyika dzeEast. Uhu howa hunogona kubikwa, nepo kurapwa kwekupisa kunobvisa kusingafadzi kunakidza, kuchisiya chete kutapira kwaitapira. Mutsara wakanaka shod uye we pickling. Mamwe magourmets anocherechedza kuti iyi yakasiyana-siyana yemitsara ine pear flavour yakasimba. Zvinonakidza kuti kuumbwa kweiyo yakatsanangurwa mhando yemitsara ine yakakosha antibiotic, uye mamwe antitumor zvinhu. Kubudirira kwavo kwakaratidzwa kuburikidza nezvidzidzo zvemakonzo machena. MuUssuriysky Reserve, howa iyi inodzivirirwa, uyewo muKedrovaya Lad Reserve. Kuvapo kwemishonga yemishonga mumitsetse yakasvibira kunoita kuti howa uhu huve hwakakosha zvikuru kuJapan, uko hunoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuita chikafu. Haikwanise kubikwa chete uye yakabikwa, asiwo munyu. Mitsara ine makwapa uye ine munyu yakaomeswa zvakanyanya uye yakatsetseka.

MuJapan nedzimwe nyika dzekumabvazuva, mitsara ine mavara inorimwa. Mamwe magourmets anocherekedza kuti howa uhwu hune kuvira kunorwadza, uye kuravira kune upfu kana cheesy.