Pakuvamba kwazvo pakubata pamuviri, mukadzi ane pamuviri anogona kukurumidza kunzwa kufema pakuedza kuduku. Somugumisiro wekuchinja kwakasiyana-siyana kwemuviri kunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemucheche, kupfupika kwekufema panguva yekuzvitakura kwakajairika.

Panguva yekuzvitakura, zvigadziriso zvakati wandei zvinodiwa kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa zvemetabolism zvaamai uye fetus. Zvakanangana nemahomoni ekuzvitakura, kumwe kwekuchinja kwemuviri uku kunokonzeresa kutadza kufema muna amai vanenge vachizova, nguva refu chibereko chisati chadzvanya diaphragm yake.

Kuzadzisa zvinodikanwa zveoxygen zvepa placenta uye fetus inofungidzirwa pa 20 kusvika 30%, pane zvechokwadi kuwedzera kwese kwemoyo nebasa rekufema. Huwandu hweropa hunowedzera (hypervolemia) uye kubuda kwemoyo kunowedzera neanenge 30 kusvika 50%, zvichikonzera padanho rekufema kuwedzera kwekuyerera kweropa uye kutorwa kweokisijeni paminiti. Iyo yakasimba secretion yeprogesterone inokonzera kuwedzera kwekufema kuyerera, zvichiita kuti hyperventilation. Kufema kunowedzera uye nokudaro kunogona kusvika kufema kanokwana gumi nenhanhatu paminiti, zvichiita kuti munhu anzwe kupfupika kwekufema pakushanda nesimba, kana kunyange pakuzorora. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mumwe chete pavakadzi vaviri vane pamuviri ane dyspnea (16).

Kubva pamavhiki e10-12, nzira yekufema yaamai vanozove inoshanduka zvikuru kuti ienderane nekuchinja kwakasiyana-siyana, uye kune ramangwana revhavha yechibereko: mbabvu dzezasi dzinowedzera, chiyero che diaphragm chinokwira, dhayamita yehutambo. thorax inowedzera, mhasuru dzemudumbu dzinova shoma, muti wekufema unova wakazara.

Kunyatsotaura, mucheche haafeme mu utero; zvichaita chete pakuzvarwa. Panguva yekuzvitakura, placenta inobata basa re "fetal lung": inounza oksijeni kumwana uye inobvisa fetal carbon dioxide.

Kushungurudzika kwemwana, kureva kushaya oxygenation (anoxia) kwemwana), hakunei nekutadza kufema kwaamai. Zvinoonekwa panguva intrauterine kukura retardation (IUGR) akaonekwa pamusoro Ultrasound, uye anogona kuva siyana mavambo: placental pathology, pathology muna amai (dambudziko remwoyo, hematology, gestational chirwere cheshuga, kusvuta, etc.), fetal malformation, utachiona.

Sezvo tsika yekupfupika kwekufema panguva yekuzvitakura ndeye physiological, zvakaoma kuidzivirira. Amai vamangwana vanofanira kuchengetedza, kunyanya pakupera kwepamuviri, nekuderedza kuedza kwemuviri.

Muchiitiko chekunzwa kupererwa, zvinokwanisika kuita chiitiko ichi kuti "usunungure" mbabvu yembabvu: kurara nemanhede ako makumbo ako akakotama, inhale uchisimudza maoko ako pamusoro pemusoro wako wozofemera uchidzosa maoko ako kumashure. pamwe chete nemuviri. Dzokorora kanoverengeka kufema zvishoma nezvishoma (2).

Maekisesaizi ekufema, sophrology maekisesaizi, prenatal yoga inogonawo kubatsira amai vane pamuviri kudzikamisa kunzwa kupfupika kwekufema uko chikamu chepfungwa chinogonawo kusimbisa.

Sezvo mavhiki ekuzvitakura achifambira mberi, nhengo dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye mwana anoda kuwedzera oksijeni. Muviri waamai vachabereka unobudisa carbon dioxide yakawanda, uye unofanira kubvisawo wemwana. Naizvozvo mwoyo nemapapu zvinoshanda nesimba.

Pakupera kwepamuviri, mechanical factor inowedzerwa uye inowedzera njodzi yekupfupika kwekufema nekuderedza ukuru hwembabvu. Sezvo chibereko chinowedzera kusvina diaphragm, mapapu ane nzvimbo shoma yekuputira uye simba remapapu rinoderera. Kuwedzera uremu kunogonawo kukonzera manzwiro ekuremerwa uye kusimbisa kupfupika kwekufema, kunyanya panguva yekuedza (kukwira masitepisi, kufamba, nezvimwewo).

Iron kuperevedza anemia (nekuda kwekushaikwa kwesimbi) kunogona kukonzera kupfupika kwekufema pakushanda nesimba, uye dzimwe nguva kunyangwe pakuzorora.

Mukuzviparadzanisa, kupfupika kwekufema hakusi chiratidzo chekunyevera uye hakufaniri kukonzera kunetseka panguva yekuzvitakura.

Zvisinei, kana ikaonekwa kamwe kamwe, kana yakabatanidzwa nekurwadziwa kwemhuru kunyanya, zvinokurudzirwa kubvunzurudza kuitira kuti ubvise chero njodzi yephlebitis.

Pakupera kwepamuviri, kana kupfupika kwekufema uku kuchiperekedzwa nedzungu, kutemwa nemusoro, edema, palpitations, kurwadziwa mudumbu, kuvhiringika kwekuona (kunzwa kwenhunzi pamberi pemeso), palpitations, kubvunza kwechimbichimbi kunodiwa kuti uone kubata pamuviri. -induced hypertension, iyo inogona kuva yakakomba pakupera kwekuita pamuviri.