Vana vane mutauro unonokerwa vane mukana wakapetwa kaviri wokuva nehasha, masayendisiti anoti. Izvi zvakaratidzwa neongororo yakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura. Izvi zvinorevei mukuita uye inguvai yekuridza alarm?
Masayendisiti ave achifungidzira kwenguva refu kuti kunonoka kutaura uye kugumbuka muvana kunogona kunge kwakabatana, asi hapana chidzidzo chikuru chisati chatsigira pfungwa iyi nedata. Kusvikira zvino.
UniqueResearch
Chirongwa chitsva chakabva kuNorthwestern University, umo vanhu ve2000 vakatora chikamu, chakaratidza kuti vana vadiki vane mazwi madiki vaive nekutsamwa kwakawanda kupfuura vezera ravo vane hunyanzvi hwemutauro zvinoenderana nezera. Ichi chidzidzo chekutanga cherudzi rwayo kubatanidza kunonoka kwekutaura kwevacheche kune hunhu hwehasha. Muenzaniso wacho waisanganisirawo vana vari pasi pemwedzi gumi nemiviri yemakore, pasinei nokuti kukwegura kunoonekwa se "dambudziko" panyaya iyi.
“Tinoziva kuti vana vaduku vanoshatirwa kana vakaneta kana kuti vakaora mwoyo, uye vabereki vakawanda vanonetseka panguva idzodzo,” akadaro mumwe munyori anobatsira wokudzidza Elizabeth Norton, mutevedzeri wapurofesa wesayenzi yekukurukurirana. “Asi vabereki vashoma vanoziva kuti mamwe marudzi ehasha nguva dzose kana kuti yakakomba anogona kuratidza ngozi yezvinetso zvoutano hwepfungwa gare gare zvakadai sokufunganya, kuora mwoyo, kutadza kutarira zvakanaka, uye zvinetso zvomufambiro.”
Kungofanana nekushatirwa, kunonoka kutaura zvinhu zvine njodzi kune gare gare kudzidza uye kukanganisa kutaura, Norton anonongedza. Maererano naye, vanenge 40% vevana ava vachava nezvinetso zvekutaura zvinoramba zvichiitika, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwavo mudzidzo. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kuongorora mutauro uye hutano hwepfungwa mune tandem kuchigona kukurumidza kuonekwa uye kupindira kwekusagadzikana kwehuduku. Mushure mezvose, vana vane "dambudziko kaviri" iri vangangove vari panjodzi huru.
Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekuzvidya mwoyo zvinogona kuva kudzokorora nguva dzose kwehasha, kunonoka kukuru mukutaura
“Kubva mune zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvevana vakura, taiziva kuti zvinetso zvokutaura uye utano hwepfungwa zvinowanzoitika kakawanda kupfuura zvaungatarisira. Asi chirongwa ichi chisati chaitwa, takanga tisingazivi kuti vaizotanga sei,” anowedzera kudaro Elizabeth Norton, uyo anoshandawo semutungamiriri werabhoritari yepayunivhesiti inoongorora kuvandudzwa kwemutauro, kudzidza uye kuverenga maererano neruzivo rwetsinga.
Chidzidzo chacho chakabvunzurudza boka rinomiririra revabereki vanopfuura 2000 vane vana vane makore gumi nemaviri kusvika kumwedzi makumi matatu nemasere. Vabereki vakapindura mibvunzo pamusoro pehuwandu hwemashoko akataurwa nevana, uye "kuputika" mumafambiro avo - somuenzaniso, kangani mwana ane huturu munguva yekuneta kana, zvakasiyana, varaidzo.
Mwana mudiki anonzi "mutauri anonoka" kana aine mazwi asingasviki makumi mashanu kana asinganhonge mazwi matsva pazera remakore maviri. Vatsvakurudzi vanofungidzira kuti vana vanononoka kutaura vane mukana wakapetwa kaviri wekuva nechisimba uye/kana kuputika kwehasha nguva dzose kupfuura vezera ravo vane unyanzvi hwemutauro wakajairika. Masayendisiti anoronga kugumbuka se "kwakaoma" kana mwana achigara akabata mweya wake, zvibhakera kana kukava panguva yehasha. Vana vadiki vanorwiswa mazuva ese kana kupfuura kazhinji vangangoda rubatsiro kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwekuzvidzora.
Usamhanyira kuvhunduka
"Ese maitiro aya anofanirwa kutariswa mumamiriro ebudiriro, kwete mavari ivo pachavo," akadaro munyori-munyori wechirongwa Lauren Wakschlag, purofesa uye sachigaro weDhipatimendi rehutano neSocial Sayenzi kuNorthwestern University uye director weDevSci. Institute for Innovation uye Developmental Sayenzi. Vabereki havafanire kusvetukira kumhedziso uye kunyanyisa nekuda kwekuti mwana wepedyo ane mamwe mazwi kana nekuti mwana wavo haana zuva rakanakisa. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvefunganyo munzvimbo mbiri idzi zvinogona kuva kudzokorora nguva dzose kwehasha, kunonoka kukuru mukutaura. Apo izvi zviratidzo zviviri zvinofambidzana, zvinowedzera kune imwe neimwe uye zvinowedzera njodzi, muchidimbu nokuti matambudziko akadaro anovhiringidza kudyidzana kwakanaka nevamwe.
Kudzidza kwakadzama kwedambudziko
Ongororo iyi ingori nhanho yekutanga muchirongwa chakakura chekutsvagisa kuNorthwestern University icho chiri kuenderera mberi pasi pemusoro wekuti Nguva Yekunetseka? uye inotsigirwa nemari neNational Institute of Mental Health. Danho rinotevera rinosanganisira ongororo yevana vangangosvika mazana mashanu muChicago.
Muboka rekutonga, kune avo vane kukura kunoitika maererano nezera rose zviga, uye avo vanoratidza hunhu hwehasha uye / kana kunonoka kutaura. Masayendisiti achadzidza kukura kwehuropi uye maitiro evana kuti vaone zviratidzo zvichabatsira kusiyanisa kunonoka kwechinguva kubva pakuonekwa kwezvinetso zvakakomba.
Vabereki nevana vavo vachasangana nevarongi vechirongwa ichi gore negore kusvikira vana vava nemakore 4,5. Kutarisa kwenguva refu kwakadaro, kwakaoma "kumwana wose" haisi iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kwekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi muhutano hwekutaura uye hutano hwepfungwa, anotsanangura kudaro Dr. Wakschlag.
Masayendisiti uye vanachiremba vane ruzivo rwakakosha kumhuri dzakawanda dzinobatsira kuziva nekugadzirisa matambudziko anotsanangurwa.
"Institute Yedu yeInnovation uye Emerging Sayenzi DevSci yakanyatsogadzirirwa kuita kuti masayendisiti abve makirasi echinyakare, aende kupfuura maitiro akajairika uye akwanise kushanda zvinobudirira, achishandisa zvese zvishandiso zviripo nhasi kugadzirisa mabasa," anotsanangura kudaro.
“Tinoda kutora nekuunza pamwe chete ruzivo rwese rwebudiriro rwatinarwo kuitira kuti vana chiremba nevabereki vave nebhuku rinovabatsira kuziva nguva yekuridza nhare pamwe nekutsvaga rubatsiro kune nyanzvi. Uye kuratidza kuti ndeipi nguva iyo kupindira kwekupedzisira kuchanyanya kushanda, "anodaro Elizabeth Norton.
Mudzidzi wake Brittany Manning mumwe wevanyori vebepa repurojekiti nyowani, ane basa rekutaura kwechirwere chekutaura raive chikamu chekukurudzira kwechidzidzo chacho. "Ndakaita hurukuro zhinji nevabereki nevarapi nezvehasha muvana vanonoka kutaura, asi pakange pasina humbowo hwesainzi pane iyi nyaya yandaigona kutora pairi," akadaro Manning. Iye zvino masayendisiti uye vanachiremba vane ruzivo rwakakosha zvose zvesayenzi uye kumhuri dzakawanda, izvo zvichabatsira kuziva nekugadzirisa matambudziko anotsanangurwa panguva yakakodzera.