Mukati
Acha“tora nyika” here kana kuti achashumira vanhu? Nepo vanyori nevagadziri vemafirimu vari kushandisa nyaya dzehungwaru dzinotyisa, masayendisiti ari kuwana mhedzisiro inoshanda nekugadzira mapurogiramu ekubatsira vanachiremba vepfungwa nevarwere vavo.
Vatsvakurudzi vakagadzira AI system - artificial intelligence - inokwanisa kuona kuchinja kwezuva nezuva mukutaura kunoratidza kuderera kwehutano hwepfungwa hwemunhu.
"Hatisi kuedza kutsiva vanachiremba ..."
Nekuda kwekufambira mberi muungwaru hwekugadzira, makomputa ava kukwanisa kubatsira vanachiremba kuona zvirwere uye kuona zviratidzo zvevarwere zviri kure nemazana emakiromita. Yunivhesiti yeColorado Boulder vaongorori vari kushanda pakushandisa kwemuchina kudzidza kune zvepfungwa. Vari kugadzira nharembozha iyo, zvichibva pakutaura kwemurwere, inogona kurongedza mamiriro avo ehutano hwepfungwa pamwe chete nemumwe munhu.
"Hatisi kuedza kutsiva vanachiremba," anodaro Peter Foltz, purofesa paInstitute for Cognitive Sciences. Ndiye zvakare munyori-mubatanidzwa wechinyorwa chitsva muBulletin yeSchizophrenia inotsanangudza chivimbiso uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzekushandisa njere dzekugadzira mukurapa kwepfungwa. "Asi isu tinotenda kuti tinogona kugadzira maturusi anobvumira vanachiremba vepfungwa kuti vatarise varwere vavo zviri nani."
Mukutsvaga nzira yakavimbika yekuongorora
Anenge mumwe chete pavashanu vakuru ari kurarama nechirwere chepfungwa. Vazhinji veava vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dziri kure uko kuwana varapi vepfungwa kana varapi vepfungwa kwakaganhurirwa zvikuru. Vamwe havakwanisi kuona chiremba kakawanda, uye havana nguva kana mari yekubhadhara kushanya nguva dzose. Kunyange kana murwere achigara achiratidzwa kuna chiremba wepfungwa, anoshandisa hurukuro nemurwere kuongorora uye kugadzira chirongwa chekurapa. Inzira yemakore-kare inogona kuzviisa pasi uye isingavimbike zvakakwana, anodaro munyori-munyori Brita Elvevog, nyanzvi yezveuropiyo paYunivhesiti yeTromsø kuNorway.
“Vanhu havana kukwana. Vanogona kutsauswa uye dzimwe nguva kupotsa zviratidzo zvokutaura zvisinganzwisisiki uye nyevero, anodaro Dr. Elwevog. "Nehurombo, hapana chinangwa chekuongorora ropa chehutano hwepfungwa mukurapa." Masayendisiti akatanga kutsvaga nzira ine chinangwa yekutsanangura dambudziko.
Tichishandisa nharembozha uye hungwaru hwekugadzira, tinogona kutarisa varwere zuva nezuva
Kutsvaga "AI vhezheni" yekuongororwa ropa kwakadai, Elwewog naFoltz vakabatana kuti vagadzire tekinoroji yekudzidza yemuchina inokwanisa kuona shanduko yezuva nezuva mukutaura inogona kuratidza kuipa kwehutano hwepfungwa. Semuenzaniso, muschizophrenia, chiratidzo chakakosha chinogona kunge chiri mitsara isingateveri yakajairika maitiro ane musoro. Kuchinja kwenzwi kana mwero wekutaura kunogona kuratidza mania kana kuora mwoyo. Uye kurasikirwa kwendangariro kunogona kuva chiratidzo chezvose zviri zviviri zvinetso zvendangariro nendangariro.
"Mutauro chinhu chakakosha pakuziva mamiriro epfungwa evarwere," anodaro Foltz. "Tichishandisa nharembozha nehungwaru hwekugadzira, tinokwanisa kutarisa varwere zuva nezuva uye kutora shanduko dzisiri pachena pamamiriro avo."
Sei kushanda?
Iyo itsva mobile app inoita kuti mushandisi apindure 5-10 maminetsi akatevedzana emibvunzo parunhare. Pakati pemamwe mabasa, munhu wacho anobvunzwa nezve mamiriro avo emanzwiro, anokumbirwa kuti ataure nyaya pfupi, wozoteerera nyaya yacho uye woidzokorora, uye zadzisa nhevedzano yebvunzo dzehunyanzvi hwemotokari uchishandisa kubata uye swipe pane smartphone skrini.
Mukubatana naChelsea Chandler, mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza pachikoro cheYunivhesiti yeColorado kuBoulder, nevamwe vaanoshanda navo, vanyori vepurojekiti vakagadzira hurongwa hwehungwaru hwekugadzira hunogona kuongorora maitiro ekutaura aya, kuenzanisa nemhinduro dzakapfuura kubva kumurwere mumwe chete. uye boka rakafara rinodzora, uye somugumisiro ongorora chimiro chepfungwa munhu.
Kururama uye Kuvimbika
Mune imwe ongororo ichangobva kuitika, chikwata chemasayendisiti chakakumbira varapi kuti vateerere uye vaongorore matauriro ekutaura kubva kune 225 vatori vechikamu. Pane ivava, hafu yakanga yamboonekwa kuti ine zvinetso zvakakomba zvepfungwa, uye hafu yaiva vazvipiri vane utano kubva kumaruwa eLouisiana neNorthern Norway. Vatsvakurudzi vakabva vaenzanisa migumisiro yeongororo yevanachiremba nemigumisiro yepurogiramu yehungwaru hwekugadzira.
Basa redu harisi rekuchinja kuita sarudzo kumichina, asi kuvashandisa mune zvavanoita chaizvo.
"Takaona kuti makomputa AI modhi anogona kunge akakwana saanachiremba," anodaro Peter Foltz nechivimbo. Iye nevamwe vake vane chokwadi chekuti zuva richasvika apo maAI masisitimu avanovandudza epfungwa achange ari muhofisi pamusangano wemurapi nemurwere kuitira kubatsira kuunganidza data kana kushanda senzira yekutarisa kure kune yakaoma. varwere vepfungwa vanoda kutariswa.
Control system
Nekuona shanduko dzinokanganisa, chikumbiro chinogona kuzivisa chiremba kuti ateerere uye atore kutonga kwemurwere. "Kuti tidzivise kuchengetwa kwechimbichimbi kunodhura uye zviitiko zvisingafadzi, varwere vanofanirwa kupota vachibvunzurudzwa nekiriniki nenyanzvi dzinokwanisa," anodaro Foltz. "Asi dzimwe nguva kunenge kusina vanachiremba vakakwana izvozvo."
Kukura kwake kwekare mumunda wehungwaru hwekugadzira iko zvino kwave kushandiswa zvakanyanya. Foltz ane chivimbo chekuti chirongwa chitsva ichi chicharatidzawo kushanda kwemakina ekudzidza matekinoroji. Muchinyorwa chavo, masayendisiti akakurudzira vavanoshanda navo kuti vaite zvakatokura zvidzidzo kuratidza kushanda uye kuwana chivimbo cheruzhinji. Izvi zvakakosha kuitira kuti tekinoroji yehungwaru inounzwa zvakanyanya mukuita kwekiriniki yepfungwa.
"Halo yechakavanzika yakatenderedza AI haibatsire kuvaka kuvimba, izvo zvakakosha mukushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekurapa," vanonyora kudaro. "Basa redu harisi rekuchinja kuita sarudzo kumakina, asi kuvashandisa mune zvavanoita chaizvo." Nokudaro, zvinogoneka kuti psychiatry uye mishonga muhuwandu huri pedyo nenguva itsva iyo hungwaru hwekugadzira huchava mubatsiri anokosha kune vanachiremba mukutarisira hutano hwevarwere.