Kuongororwa kweSTD kunosanganisira kutsvaga zvirwere zvepabonde (STDs), zvino zvinonzi STIs (zvirwere zvepabonde). Pakati pezvirwere zvenjovhera zviripo, zvimwe zvinokonzera zviratidzo, vamwe hazviiti. Saka kukosha kwekuvavheneka kuitira kuvarapa uye kudzivirira, kune mamwe, matambudziko akakomba.

Kuongororwa kweSTD kunosanganisira kuongororwa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zveSTD (hosha dzepabonde), dzava kunzi njovhera (zvirwere zvepabonde). Iyi igadziriro yemamiriro ezvinhu anokonzerwa nemavhairasi, mabhakitiriya kana zvipembenene zvinogona kutapurirwa panguva yepabonde, nekupinda kana kune vamwe, pasina.

Kune njovhera dzakasiyana:

• utachiona hweHIV kana AIDS;
• hepatitis B;
• syphilis ("pox");
• chlamydia, inokonzerwa nehutachiona Chlamydiae trachomatis;
• lymphogranulomatosis venereal (LGV) inokonzerwa nemamwe marudzi e Chlamydia thrachomatis kunyanya hasha;
• genital herpes;
• papillomavirus (HPV);
• gonorrhea (inowanzonzi "hot piss") inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya rinopararira, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonocoque);
• vaginitis uye trichomonas vaginalis (kana trichonomase);
• mycoplasma zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya akasiyana: Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) Mycoplasma, Mycoplasma urealyticum ;
• vamwe vulvovaginal mbiriso zvirwere zvinogona kuparadzirwa panguva pabonde, asi zvinokwanisikawo kuva mbiriso chirwere pasina kuita zvepabonde.

Makondomu anodzivirira njovhera zhinji, asi kwete ese. Kubata kwakareruka kweganda-kune-ganda kunogona kukwana kutumira chlamydia, semuenzaniso.

Kuongororwa zvirwere zvepabonde kwakakosha zvikuru. Kazhinji kunyarara, vanogona kunge vari mhedzisiro yezvinetso zvakasiyana: 

• zvakazara pamwe nedzimwe nzvimbo dzechirwere: kukanganisa kwemaziso, uropi, tsinga, mwoyo kune syphilis; cirrhosis kana kenza yechiropa yehepatitis B; kushanduka kweAIDS kune HIV;
• njodzi yekufambira mberi kune precancerous kana kenza ronda kune mamwe maHPV;
• tubal, ovarian kana pelvic kubatanidzwa kunogona kutungamirira kune tubal sterility (kutevera salpingitis) kana ectopic pamuviri (chlamydia, gonococcus);
• kutapurirwa kwemwana achangoberekwa (chlamydia, gonococcus, HPV, hepatitis, HIV).

Chekupedzisira, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti njovhera dzese dzinopedza simba mucous membranes uye dzinowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yekusvibiswa nehutachiona hweAIDS.

Ongororo yekiriniki inogona kunongedzera kune dzimwe njovhera, asi kuongororwa kunoda ongororo murabhoritari: serology kuburikidza nekuongororwa ropa kana sampuli yehutachiona zvichienderana nenjovhera.

• Kuongororwa utachiona hweHIV kunoitwa nekuongororwa ropa, ingangoita mwedzi mitatu mushure mekupinda pabonde zvine njodzi, kana zvichibvira. Iyo yakasanganiswa ELISA bvunzo inoshandiswa. Inosanganisira kutsvaga masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anogadzirwa muhupo hweHIV, pamwe nekutsvaga chidimbu chehutachiona, iyo p3 antigen, inoonekwa kare kupfuura masoja ekudzivirira chirwere. Kana bvunzo iyi iri positive, bvunzo yechipiri inodaidzwa kuti Western-Blot inofanirwa kuitwa kuona kana hutachiona huripo chaizvo. Chete ongororo iyi ndiyo inogona kuona kana munhu aine HIV zvechokwadi. Ziva kuti nhasi kune kutungamira kuzviongorora kutengeswa pasina kunyorerwa muma pharmacy. Inoitwa padonhwe duku reropa. Mhedzisiro yakanaka inofanirwa kusimbiswa neyechipiri yerabhoritari bvunzo;
• gonococcal gonorrhea inoonekwa pachishandiswa sampuli pamusuwo wesikarudzi kuvakadzi, panoperera mboro yevarume. A urinalysis inogona kukwana;
• kuongororwa kwechlamydia kunobva pane swab yemunharaunda pamusuwo wemukadzi muvakadzi, uye muvarume, muenzaniso weti kana swab pamusuwo we urethra;
• kuongororwa kwehepatitis B kunoda kuongororwa ropa kuti uite serology;
• kuongororwa kweherpes kunoitwa nekiriniki yekuongorora yeakajairika maronda; kusimbisa kuongororwa, masero emasero kubva kune maronda anogona kugadzirwa murabhoritari;
• papillomaviruses (HPV) inogona kuonekwa pakuongorora kwekliniki (muhupo hwe condylomata) kana panguva ye smear. Kana pakaitika abnormal smear (ASC-US type ye "squamous cell abnormalities yezvisingazivikanwe kukosha"), ongororo yeHPV inogona kupihwa. Kana iri yakanaka, colposcopy (kuongororwa kwemuromo wechibereko uchishandisa girasi guru rinokudza) inokurudzirwa nemuenzaniso webiopsy kana kukanganisa kunoonekwa;
• Trichomonas vaginitis inoonekwa zviri nyore pakuongorora gynecological pamberi pezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoratidzira (kunzwa kwekutsva kwevulvar, kuputika, kurwadziwa panguva yekusangana pabonde) uye chitarisiko chekubuda kwemukati (kwakawanda, kunhuwa, girinhi uye furo). Kana usina chokwadi, muenzaniso wemukadzi unogona kutorwa;
• kuongororwa kwe lymphogranulomatosis venereal kunoda sampuli kubva kumaronda;
• mycoplasma zvirwere zvinogona kuonekwa uchishandisa swab yemunharaunda.

Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuongorora zvipenyu zvinogona kurongerwa nekurapa kana chiremba nyanzvi (gynecologist, urologist). Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kune zvakare nzvimbo dzakatsaurirwa, iyo CeGIDD (Yemahara Ruzivo, Kuongorora uye Diagnosis Center) yakatenderwa kuita ongororo yehepatitis B neC nenjovhera. Maternal and Child Planning Centers (PMI), Family Planning and Education Centers (CPEF) neFamily Planning or Planning Centers anogonawo kupa pachena pachena.

Kuongororwa kweSTD kunogona kurongerwa kune zviratidzo zvakasiyana:

• kubuda kwechikadzi kusingawanzo muvara, kunhuwa, kuwanda;
• kushatirwa munzvimbo yepedyo;
• weti zvirwere: kuoma weti, kurwadza weti, kugara uchida weti;
• kurwadziwa panguva yepabonde;
• kuonekwa kwezvipembenene zviduku (HPV), chancre (diki diki risingarwadzi rinoratidza syphilis), blister (genital herpes) munhengo;
• kurwadziwa kwepelvic;
• metrorrhagia;
• kuneta, kuda kurutsa, jaundice;
• kupisa uye / kana yero kubuda kubva peni (bennoragia);
• kuyerera kwenhengo yesikarudzi sedonhwe remangwanani kana kuti chiedza, chinobuda pachena (chlamydiae).

Kuongororwa kunogona zvakare kukumbirwa nemurwere kana kunyorerwa nachiremba mushure mekuita zvepabonde zvine njodzi (bonde risina kudzivirirwa, hukama nemunhu wekusava nechokwadi kutendeka, nezvimwewo).

Sezvo mamwe maSDD achiramba akanyarara, STD yekuongorora inogonawo kuitwa nguva nenguva sechikamu chekutevera gynecological. Sechikamu chekudzivirira gomarara remuromo wechibereko kuburikidza nekuvhenekwa kweHPV, High Authority of Health (HAS) inokurudzira kuongororwa makore matatu ega ega kubva pamakore 3 kusvika 25 mushure mekuongororwa kunoitwa gore rimwe chete kwakatevedzana. Mune maonero aGunyana 65, iyo HAS inokurudzirawo kuongororwa kwakarongeka kwehutachiona hwechlamydia muvakadzi vanoita zvepabonde vane makore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu, pamwe nekutariswa kwakanangwa mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu: vakaroorana vakawanda (vanokwana vaviri vakaroorana pagore), kuchinja kwemazuva ano kwemudiwa, munhu. kana vadiwa vakaonekwa vaine imwe njovhera, nhoroondo yenjovhera, varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM), vanhu vari kuita chipfambi kana kuti vabatwa chibharo.

Pakupedzisira, mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuongorora pamuviri, kumwe kuongororwa kunosungirwa (syphilis, hepatitis B), vamwe vanokurudzirwa zvakasimba (HIV).

Kana paine mhedzisiro yakanaka, kurapwa kunoenderana nehutachiona:

• hutachiwana hweHIV haugone kubviswa, asi kusanganiswa kwemishonga (triple therapy) kwehupenyu hwose inogona kuvhara kukura kwayo;
• trichomonas vaginitis, gonorrhea, mycoplasma zvirwere zviri nyore uye zvinobudirira kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, dzimwe nguva nenzira ye "kukurumidza kurapwa";
• lymphogranulomatosis venereal inoda mavhiki matatu kosi yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya;
• syphilis inoda kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya (jekiseni kana nemuromo);
• Utachiona hweHPV hunobatwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nekuti hwakakonzera maronda here kana kuti kwete, uye kuoma kwezvironda. Utungamiri hunotangira kubva pakuongorora nyore kusvika kune conization muchiitiko chepamusoro-grade maronda, kusanganisira kurapwa kwepanzvimbo yewarts kana kurapwa kwezvironda ne laser;
• iyo genital herpes virus haigone kubviswa. Kurapa kunoita kuti zvibvirire kurwisa marwadzo uye kuderedza nguva uye kusimba kweiyo herpes muchiitiko chekurwisa;
• muzviitiko zvakawanda, hepatitis B inopera yega, asi mune dzimwe nguva inogona kufambira mberi kusvika kune chisingaperi.

Mudiwa wacho anofanirawo kurapwa kudzivirira chiitiko chekusvibiswa zvakare.

Chekupedzisira, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti hazvishamisi kuwana njovhera dzakati wandei panguva yekuongororwa.