Kuzivikanwa kwemukadzi uyu kuchiri kukakavara mune zvesainzi uye zvisiri zvesainzi. Mahatma Gandhi akazvidemba kuti aisakwanisa kubata mupendero wehembe dzake, Roerich akatsaurira pendi "Mutumwa" kwaari. Mumwe munhu akamurangarira sarlatan, muparidzi weSatanism, achisimbisa kuti dzidziso yokukwirira kwedzinza yakatorwa naHitler kubva mudzidziso yemarudzi echivanhu, uye misangano yaaiita yaingovawo zvayo mutambo wenhema. Mabhuku ake aiyemurwa uye anonzi frank compilation uye plagiarism, umo dzidziso dzese dzenyika dzakasanganiswa.
Zvisinei, kusvikira zvino, mabasa aHelena Blavatsky akadhindwa zvakare uye akashandurirwa mumitauro yakawanda yekunze, kuwana vateveri vatsva nevatsoropodzi.
Helena Petrovna Blavatsky akaberekerwa mumhuri inoshamisa: kuna amai vake, munyori wenhau akakurumbira Elena Gan (Fadeeva), uyo akanga asina kunzi chimwe chinhu kunze kwe "Russian George Sand", mhuri yake yakanga yakabatana zvakananga neRurik, uye baba vake vakabva kumhuri yezviverengero. Macklenburg Gan (chiGerman: Hann). Ambuya vemangwana ideologist ye theosophy, Elena Pavlovna, akanga ari muchengeti asina kujairika wepamoyo - aiziva mitauro mishanu, aifarira numismatics, akadzidza mashura ekuMabvazuva, uye akanyorerana nemusayendisiti weGermany A. Humboldt.
Lena Gan muduku akaratidza unyanzvi hunoshamisa mukudzidzisa, sezvakataurwa nehanzvadzi yake, mukuru wehurumende weRussia akatanhamara S.Yu. Witte, akabata zvinhu zvese panhunzi, akawana budiriro chaiyo mukudzidza chiGerman nemimhanzi.
Zvisinei, musikana wacho akatambura nehope, akasvetuka pakati peusiku, akafamba-famba mumba, achiimba nziyo. Nemhaka yebasa rababa, mhuri yeGan yaiwanzofanira kutama, uye amai vakanga vasina nguva yakakwana yekuteerera vana vose, saka Elena akatevedzera kurwisa kwepfari, akakungurutswa pasi, akadanidzira uprofita hwakasiyana-siyana mukukwana, a. muranda akatya akauya nomupristi kuzodzinga madhimoni. Gare gare, aya mafiro ehudiki anozodudzirwa nevanomuyemura sehumbowo hwakananga hwekugona kwake kwepfungwa.
Vachifa, amai vaElena Petrovna vakataura pachena kuti vakatofara kuti aisazofanira kuona kusuruvara kwaLena uye kwete zvachose hupenyu hwevakadzi.
Mushure mekufa kwaamai, vana vakaendeswa kuSaratov nevabereki vaamai, Fadeevs. Ikoko, kuchinja kukuru kwakaitika kuna Lena: musikana aimbova mupenyu uye akazaruka, aida mabhora nezvimwe zviitiko zvekushamwaridzana, akagara kwemaawa akawanda muraibhurari yaambuya vake, Elena Pavlovna Fadeeva, muunganidzi ane chido wemabhuku. Ikoko ndiko kwaakatanga kufarira zvakakomba sayenzi yezvemidzimu nemiitiro yokumabvazuva.
Muna 1848, Elena anopinda muwanano yekunyepedzera nemutevedzeri wagavhuna weYerevan, Nikifor Blavatsky, kuti awane rusununguko rwakakwana kubva kuhama dzake dzinogumbura dzeSaratov. Mwedzi mitatu mushure memuchato, akatiza kuburikidza neOdessa uye Kerch kuenda kuConstantinople.
Hapana anogona kutsanangura nemazvo nguva yaitevera - Blavatsky haana kumbochengeta diaries, uye ndangariro dzake dzekufamba dzakavhiringidzika uye dzakafanana nengano dzinonakidza kupfuura chokwadi.
Pakutanga airidza semutasvi musekisi yeConstantinople, asi mushure mekutyoka ruoko rwake, akasiya nhandare ndokuenda kuEgipita. Ipapo akafamba nomuGreece, Asia Minor, akaedza kakawanda kuti asvike kuTibet, asi haana kupfuurira mberi kupfuura India. Ipapo anouya kuEurope, anoita sepiyano muParis uye mushure mechinguva anozopedzisira ave muLondon, kwaanonzi anomuita debut yake pachikuva. Hapana wehama dzake ainyatsoziva kwaaive, asi maererano nekuyeukwa kwehama, NA Fadeeva, baba vake vaigara vachimutumira mari.
MuHyde Park, London, pazuva rekuzvarwa kwake muna 1851, Helena Blavatsky akaona uyo aigara achionekwa muzviroto zvake - guru guru El Morya.
Mahatma El Morya, sezvakazotaurwa naBlavatsky, aive mudzidzisi weAgeless Wisdom, uye aigara achimurota kubva paudiki. Panguva ino, Mahatma Morya akamudaidza kuti aite chiito, nekuti Elena ane basa repamusoro - kuunza Hukuru Hwemweya Kutanga munyika ino.
Anoenda kuCanada, anogara nevagari vemo, asi mushure mekunge vakadzi verudzi vamubira shangu dzake, anoodzwa mwoyo nemaIndia ndokuenda kuMexico, uye ipapo - muna 1852 - anotanga rwendo rwake kuburikidza neIndia. Nzira yacho yakaratidzwa kwaari na Guru Morya, uye iye, maererano nemashoko aBlavatsky, akamutumira mari. (Zvisinei, mumwe chete NA Fadeeva anoti hama dzakasara muRussia dzaifanira kumutumira mari mwedzi wega wega kuti ararame).
Elena anopedza makore manomwe anotevera ari muTibet, kwaanodzidza zvemashiripiti. Anobva adzokera kuLondon uye kamwe kamwe anowana mukurumbira semupiyano. Mumwe musangano naGuru wake unoitika uye anoenda kuUSA.
Mushure meUSA, kutenderera kutsva kwekufamba kunotanga: kuburikidza neRocky Mountains kuenda kuSan Francisco, ipapo Japan, Siam uye, pakupedzisira, Calcutta. Ipapo anosarudza kudzokera kuRussia, anofamba achipoteredza Caucasus, ipapo kuburikidza neBalkan, Hungary, ozodzokera kuSt.
Zvisinei, vamwe vatsvakurudzi havana chokwadi nezvemakore gumi aya ekufamba. Maererano naLS Klein, anochera matongo uye anthropologist, makore ose aya gumi anga achigara nehama muOdessa.
Muna 1863, kumwe kutenderera kwemakore gumi kunotanga. Panguva ino munyika dzeArab. Nechishamiso achipona mudutu kubva kumahombekombe eEgypt, Blavatsky anovhura yekutanga Spiritual Society muCairo. Ipapo, akazvivanza somunhu, anorwa navapanduki veGaribaldi, asi pashure pokukuvadzwa zvakakomba, anoendazve kuTibet.
Zvichiri zvakaoma kutaura kana Blavatsky akava mukadzi wekutanga, uye kunze, mutorwa, akashanyira Lhasa., zvisinei, zvinozivikanwa zvechokwadi kuti ainyatsoziva Panchen-lamu VII uye izvo zvinyorwa zvitsvene zvaakadzidza kwemakore matatu zvakabatanidzwa mubasa rake "Voice of Silence". Blavatsky pachake akataura kuti panguva iyoyo muTibet akatanga.
Kubva kuma1870, Blavatsky akatanga basa rake reumesiya. MuU.SA, anozvikomberedza nevanhu vanofarira zvemidzimu, anonyora bhuku "Kubva mumapako nemasango eHindustan", umo anozviratidza kubva kudivi rakasiyana zvachose - semunyori ane tarenda. Iri bhuku raive nemifananidzo yekufamba kwake muIndia uye rakatsikiswa pasi pezita rekuti Radda-Bai. Zvimwe zvezvinyorwa zvakabudiswa muMoskovskie Vedomosti, zvakave kubudirira kukuru.
Muna 1875, Blavatsky akanyora rimwe remabhuku ake anozivikanwa zvikuru, Isis Akafumurwa, umo anopwanya uye anotsoropodza zvose sayenzi nechitendero, achikakavara kuti chete nerubatsiro rwekusaziva kuti munhu anogona kunzwisisa chinangwa chezvinhu uye chokwadi chekuve. Kutenderera kwacho kwakatengeswa mumazuva gumi. Sangano rekuverenga rakakamukana. Vamwe vakashamiswa nepfungwa noukuru hwomufungo hwomukadzi akanga asina ruzivo rupi norupi rwesayenzi, nepo vamwe vakadanwa nenzira inotyisa zvikuru kuti bhuku rake rokurasira marara, uko nheyo dzechiBuddha nechiBrahman dzakaunganidzwa mumurwi mumwe.
Asi Blavatsky haabvumi kutsoropodza uye mugore rimwe chete anovhura Theosophical Society, iyo mabasa ayo achiri kukonzera kukakavara kukuru. Muna 1882, dzimbahwe resosaiti rakavambwa muMadras, India.
Muna 1888, Blavatsky akanyora basa guru rehupenyu hwake, The Secret Doctrine. Publicist VS Solovyov anobudisa kuongorora kwebhuku racho, kwaanodana Theosophy kuedza kugadzirisa zvinyorwa zveBuddhism kune veEurope vasingatendi Mwari. Kabbalah uye Gnosticism, Brahminism, Buddhism uye Hinduism zvakabatanidzwa nenzira inoshamisa mune dzidziso dzaBlavatsky.
Vatsvakurudzi vanoti theosophy kune chikamu che syncretic philosophical uye dzidziso dzechitendero. Theosophy i "mwari-uchenjeri", apo Mwari haasi munhu uye anoita semhando yeAbsolute, uye naizvozvo hazvidi zvachose kuenda kuIndia kana kupedza makore manomwe muTibet kana Mwari achiwanikwa kwose kwose. Maererano naBlavatsky, munhu chiratidzo cheAbsolute, uye naizvozvo, a priori, mumwe naMwari.
Zvisinei, vatsoropodzi veTheosophy vanoona kuti Blavatsky anopa Theosophy sechitendero chenhema chinoda kutenda kusingagumi, uye iye pachake anoita semafungiro eSataniism. Zvisinei, hazvigoni kurambwa kuti dzidziso dzaBlavatsky dzine pesvedzero paRussian cosmists uye pane avant-garde muunyanzvi nehuzivi.
Kubva kuIndia, nyika yake yemweya, Blavatsky aifanira kubva muna 1884 mushure mekupomedzerwa nevakuru veIndia nezvecharlatanism. Izvi zvinoteverwa nenguva yekutadza - imwe mushure meimwe, hoaxes uye matipi ake zvinoratidzwa panguva yemisangano. Maererano nemamwe mabhuku, Elena Petrovna anopa mabasa ake semusori kune III bazi rekuongorora kwehumambo, hungwaru hwezvematongerwo enyika hweRussia.
Ipapo aigara muBelgium, ipapo muGermany, akanyora mabhuku. Akafa mushure mekurwara nefuruwenza muna Chivabvu 8, 1891, kune vanomuyemura nhasi i "zuva rejena chena." Madota ake akapararira pamusoro pemaguta matatu eTheosophical Society - New York, London uye Adyar.
Kusvika ikozvino, hapana kuongororwa kusinganzwisisike kwehunhu hwake. Hama yaBlavatsky S.Yu. Witte aishamisa kutaura nezvake semunhu ane mutsa ane maziso makuru ebhuruu, vatsoropodzi vakawanda vakacherechedza tarenda rake rekunyora risina mubvunzo. Manyepo ake ese mune zvemidzimu anodarika pachena, asi mapiyano ari kuridza murima uye mazwi ekare anopera kumashure pamberi peThe Chakavanzika Doctrine, bhuku rakavhurira vanhu vekuEurope dzidziso inobatanidza zvese chitendero nesainzi, chaive chizaruro che iyo ine musoro, yekusada Mwari maonero epasirese evanhu pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX.
Muna 1975, chitambi chekutumira chakabudiswa muIndia kurangarira 100th anniversary yeTheosophical Society. Inoratidza bhachi rezvombo uye motto yenzanga "Hakuna chitendero chinopfuura chokwadi."
Chinyorwa: Lilia Ostapenko.