Iyo yekuchembera padanho rema cellular haigone kumiswa chete asi zvakare kudzoserwa kumashure. Masayendisiti muU.SA akakwanisa kuunza mhasuru dzembeva yemakore matanhatu kumamiriro emhasuru dzemakonzo ane mwedzi makumi matanhatu, ayo akaenzana nemakore makumi mana ekuvandudza nhengo dzemwana ane makore makumi matanhatu. Uyewo, masayendisiti okuGermany akamutsiridza uropi nokuvharira morekuru rimwe chete rinoratidzira.
Chikwata chemasayendisiti kubva kuHarvard Medical School inotungamirwa naProf. genetics naDavid Sinclair, akaita kuwanikwa uku, sekunge zvakadaro, panguva yekutsvagisa kune intracellular signing. Zvinoitika kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwechiratidzo mamorekuru. Anowanzo mapuroteni ayo, nerubatsiro rwemakemikari emakemikari muchimiro chavo, anotamisa data kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yesero kuenda kune imwe.
Sezvazvakazoitika panguva yekutsvagisa, kukanganisa kwekutaurirana pakati pesero nucleus uye mitochondria kunokonzeresa kuchembera kwemasero. Zvisinei, iyi nzira inogona kuchinjwa - mune zvidzidzo mumuenzaniso wembeva, zvakaonekwa kuti kudzorera kutaurirana kwemukati kunovandudza mutsara uye kunoita kuti itaridzike uye ishande nenzira imwecheteyo mumakonzo maduku.
Kuchembera muchitokisi, kwakawanikwa neboka redu, kunotiyeuchidza nezvewanano - kana ichiri mudiki, inotaurirana pasina matambudziko, asi nekufamba kwenguva, painogara padyo kwemakore mazhinji, kutaurirana kunopera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kudzorera kutaurirana, kune rumwe rutivi, kunogadzirisa matambudziko ose - akadaro prof. Sinclair.
Mitochondria ari pakati peanonyanya kukosha sero organelles, kubva muhukuru kubva pa2 kusvika ku8 microns. Ndiyo nzvimbo iyo, semugumisiro wekushanda kwekufema kwemasero, yakawanda yeadenosine triphosphate (ATP) inobudiswa musero, iyo ndiyo inobva kune simba. Mitochondria inobatanidzwawo mukusaina sero, kukura uye apoptosis, uye kutonga kwesero rehupenyu kutenderera.
Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa nechikwata chaProf. Sinclair ainyanya kufunga nezveboka remajini anonzi sirtuins. Aya ndiwo majini anokodha Sir2 mapuroteni. Ivo vanotora chikamu mune zvakawanda zvinoramba zvichiitika mumaseru, senge post-shanduro yekushandurwa kweprotein, kunyarara kweiyo gene transcription, activation yeDNA kugadzirisa nzira uye kudzora kwemasabolism maitiro. Imwe yemhando yekutanga kukodha majini, SIRT1, inogona kunge iri, maererano nezvidzidzo zvakapfuura, yakagadziriswa ne resveratol - kemikari inowanikwa, pakati pevamwe, mumazambiringa, waini tsvuku uye mamwe marudzi enzungu.
Iyo genome inogona kubatsirwa
Masayendisiti akawana kemikari iyo sero rinogona kushandura kuita NAD + inodzoreredza kutaurirana pakati peiyo nucleus uye mitochondria kuburikidza nekuita kwakakodzera kweSIRT1. Kukurumidza kutonga kwekomboni iyi kunobvumidza iwe kudzoreredza zvachose kuchembera; inononoka, kureva mushure menguva refu, inonoke zvakanyanya uye kuderedza mhedzisiro yayo.
Mukati mekuedza, masayendisiti akashandisa mhasuru yembeva ine makore maviri. Masero ake akapihwa kemikari yakashandurwa kuita NAD +, uye zviratidzo zve insulin kuramba, kuzorora kwemhasuru uye kuzvimba kwakatariswa. Vanoratidza zera renyama yemhasuru. Sezvazvakazoitika, mushure mekugadzira imwe NAD +, mhasuru yembeva yemakore maviri haina kusiyana neimwe nzira kubva kune ye2-mwedzi yekuzvarwa. Kwaizova kwakafanana nokumutsidzira tsandanyama dzomunhu ane makore 6 okukura kuva ane makore 60 okukura.
Nenzira, basa rinokosha rakaitwa neHIF-1 rave pachena. Ichi chinhu chinoparara nekukurumidza pasi peyakajairika oxygen concentration mamiriro. Kana paine zvishoma zvayo, inoungana mumatishu. Izvi zvinoitika sezera remasero, asiwo mune mamwe marudzi egomarara. Izvi zvinotsanangura kuti sei njodzi yegomarara ichiwedzera nezera uye panguva imwechete inoratidza kuti physiology yekuumbwa kwegomarara yakafanana neyekuchembera. Kutenda kuwedzera kutsvakurudza, njodzi yaro inofanira kuderedzwa, anodaro Dr. Ana Gomes kubva kuboka raProf. Sinclair.
Parizvino, kutsvagisa hakusisiri pamatishu, asi pamakonzo mhenyu. Masayendisiti kubva kuHarvard Medical School anoda kuona kuti hupenyu hwavo hunogona kureba sei mushure mekushandisa nzira nyowani yekudzoreredza intracellular communication.
Iwe unoda kunonoka kuchembera kweganda maitiro? Edza kuwedzera necoenzyme Q10, cream-gel yezviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuchembera kana kusvika kune chiedza chegungwa buckthorn cream Sylveco yezviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuchembera kubva kuMedonet Market inopa.
Imwe molecule inovhara neurons
Uyezve, boka remasayendisiti kubva kuGermany kenza yekutsvakurudza nzvimbo - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) inotungamirirwa naDkt Chero Martin-Villalba, yakaongorora chimwe chinhu chinokosha chekukwegura - kuderera kwekufungisisa, kufunga kunonzwisisika uye kuyeuka. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuderera kwehuwandu hwema neuron muuropi nezera.
Chikwata chakaratidza siginecha molecule muuropi hwegonzo rekare rinonzi Dickkopf-1 kana Dkk-1. Kuvhara kugadzirwa kwayo nekunyararidza geni iro raive nemhosva yekusikwa kwayo kwakakonzera kuwedzera kwenhamba yemaneuroni. Nekuvhara Dkk-1, takasunungura neural brake, tichigadzirisa kushanda mukuyeuka kwepanyika kusvika pamwero wakaonekwa mumhuka duku, akadaro Dr. Martin-Villalba.
Neural stem masero anowanikwa muhippocampus uye ane basa rekuumbwa kwemaneuron matsva. Mamorekuru chaiwo ari pedyo neaya maseru anoona chinangwa chawo: anogona kuramba asingaite, kuzvivandudza, kana kusiyanisa mumhando mbiri dzemasero ehuropi akasarudzika: astrocytes kana neurons. Molekuru inosaina inonzi Wnt inotsigira kuumbwa kwemaneuron matsva, nepo Dkk-1 achibvisa kuita kwayo.
Tarisa zvakare: Une mburwa here? Uchava mudiki kwenguva refu!
Mbeva dzakura dzakavharwa naDkk-1 dzakaratidza kunenge kuita kwakafanana mundangariro uye kucherechedzwa mabasa sembeva diki, sezvo kugona kwavo kuvandudza uye kugadzira neuroni husina kukura muhuropi hwadzo hwakagadzwa pamwero wehunhu hwemhuka diki. Kune rumwe rutivi, mbeva duku dzisina Dkk-1 dzakaratidza kuderera kwepamusoro pakuvandudzwa kwemashure ekuora mwoyo kupfuura mice yezera rimwe chete, asi nekuvapo kwaDktk-1. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nekukonzera kuderera kwehuwandu hweDk-1, haigoniwo kuwedzera simba rekuyeuka, asiwo inopesana nekuora mwoyo.
Masayendisiti anoti iye zvino zvichave zvakafanira kugadzira mutsara webvunzo dzebiological Dkk-1 inhibitors uye kugadzira nzira dzekugadzira mishonga inogonesa kushandiswa kwavo. Izvi zvingava zvinodhaka zvinoshanda multilaterally - kune rumwe rutivi, ivo vaizopikisa kurasikirwa kwechiyeuchidzo uye mano anozivikanwa kune vakwegura, uye kune rumwe rutivi, vaizoita sechirwere chepfungwa. Pamusana pekukosha kwenyaya yacho, zvichida inenge iri 3-5 makore asati atanga Dkk-1-blocking drugs ari pamusika.