Nyanzvi dzezvepfungwa dzakagara dzichifunga kuti mwedzi yekutanga mushure mekuberekwa kwemwana inonyanya kukosha pakuvandudza mano ekukurukurirana kwakakwana, rudo uye ushamwari, uye kuumbwa kwehukama hwakagadzikana. Zvino iyi hypothesis yakagamuchira yakananga biochemical simbiso.
Vana vanonyimwa kuonana nevabereki vavo vachangobva kuzvarwa vanopinda munjodzi yekuramba vakaremara mupfungwa, mupfungwa uye mumagariro kweupenyu hwose. Kunyange kutora mhuri itsva yakazara uye vabereki vane rudo vokurera hakuvimbisi kudzorerwa kwakakwana kana mwana akapedza makore ekutanga 1-2 ehupenyu mumusha wenherera.
Mhedziso inoodza mwoyo yakadaro yakasvikwa neboka renyanzvi dzepfungwa raitungamirirwa naSeth D. Pollak wokuYunivhesiti yeWisconsin (Madison, USA), avo vakabudisa zvakabuda mutsvakurudzo yavo mune rimwe remagazini esayenzi anoremekedzwa zvikuru— Proceedings of the National Academy of Sayenzi dzeUSA (PNAS).
Zvinozivikanwa kuti basa rakakosha mukuumbwa kwehukama hwakazara uye hune hupfumi hwehukama hunotambwa neuropeptides - zviratidzo zvinotarisa mamiriro emanzwiro muvanhu nemhuka dzepamusoro. Zvakaoma kunzwa manzwiro emwoyo wose kune munhu ane ushamwari hunotiparira manzwiro asina kunaka kana kuti asingakonzeri chero ipi zvayo. Kusangana nemunhu waunoda kunowanzo kutungamira mukuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemamwe neuropeptides (kunyanya, oxytocin) mu cerebrospinal fluid uye ropa. Zvikasadaro, hausati uchizowana mufaro upi noupi kana kuti mufarwa mukurukurirano, kunyange kana iwe uchinzwisisa nendangariro yako kuti munhu anoshamisa zvakadini uye kuti zvakawanda sei zvakanaka zvaakakuitira.
Zvose izvi hazvisi zvevanhu chete. Mune dzimwe mhuka dzinoyamwisa (kusanganisira idzo mhando dzine mhuri dzine murume mumwe chete), iyo yakafanana hormonal emotional control system inokonzeresa kuumbwa kwezvakagadzikana zvakabatanidzwa, izvo, kubva kune biochemical maonero, hazvina kusiyana nerudo rwevanhu.
Pollack nevamwe vake vakadzidza muenzaniso wevaimbova nherera gumi nevasere vakapedza mwedzi yekutanga kana makore ehupenyu vari mumusha wenherera (kubva pamwedzi 18 kusvika ku7, paavhareji 42), uye vakazogamuchirwa kana kutorwa nevakabudirira, vakapfuma. ita mhuri. Pakatanga kuedza, vana vakanga vapedza 16,6 kusvika 10 mwedzi (48 paavhareji) pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka aya. Se "kutonga" kwakashandiswa vana vanogara nevabereki vavo kubva pakuberekwa.
Vatsvakurudzi vakayera mazinga maviri anokosha neuropeptides ane chokuita nekubatana kwevanhu (muvanhu nemhuka): oxytocin uye vasopressin. The methodological highlighted of this study was that the level of neuropeptides was called not in the cerebrospinal fluid and not in the blood (sezvinoitwa muzviitiko zvakadaro), asi muweti. Izvi zvakanyanya kurerutsa basa uye zvakaita kuti zvibvirire kusakuvadza vana nekudzokorora ropa sampling, kana kutonyanya, cerebrospinal fluid. Nekune rumwe rutivi, izvi zvakagadzira zvimwe zvinonetsa kune vanyori vechidzidzo. Havasi vese vavanoshanda navo vanobvumirana neshoko rekuti kuwanda kwemauropeptides muweti chiratidzo chakaringana chehuwandu hwekuumbwa kwezvinhu izvi mumuviri. Peptides haina kugadzikana, uye mazhinji acho anogona kuparadzwa muropa zvakanyanya asati apinda muweti. Vanyori havana kuita zvidzidzo zvakakosha kuti vasimbise kuwirirana pakati pemazinga eeuropeptides muropa uye weti, vanongoreva zvinyorwa zviviri zvekare (1964 na1987), izvo zvinopa data rekuyedza rinotsigira maonero avo.
Imwe nzira kana imwe, zvakazoitika kuti nhanho yevasopressin mune yaimbova nherera yakaderera zvakanyanya kana ichienzaniswa ne "kumba" vana.
Mufananidzo wakatonyanya kushamisa wakawanikwa kune imwe "communicative" neuropeptide - oxytocin. Chiyero chekutanga chechinhu ichi chaive chakafanana mune dzaimbove nherera uye muboka rekutonga. Chiyedzo chakaiswa nenyanzvi dzepfungwa chaive seizvi: vana vaitamba mutambo wekombuta vakagara pamakumbo aamai vavo (yekuzvarwa kana yekurera), mushure meiyo mwero weoxytocin muweti wakayerwa nekuenzaniswa ne "baseline" yakayerwa isati yatanga. experiment. Pane imwe nhambo, vana vamwe chetevo vakanga vachitamba mutambo mumwe chetewo pamakumbo omumwe mukadzi wechienzi.
Zvakazoitika kuti chiyero che oxytocin chinowedzera zvakanyanya mu "kumba" vana mushure mekutaura naamai vavo, apo kutamba pamwe chete nemukadzi asina kujaira hakukonzeri maitiro akadaro. Mune dzaichimbova nherera, oxytocin haina kuwedzera kubva pakusangana naamai vokurera kana kubva mukukurukurirana nemunhu waasingazivi.
Iyi migumisiro inosuruvarisa inoratidza kuti kukwanisa kunakidzwa nekukurukurirana nemunhu waunoda, sezviri pachena, kunoumbwa mumwedzi yekutanga yehupenyu. Vana vadiki vanonyimwa panguva ino yakaoma yechinhu chinonyanya kukosha - kuonana nevabereki vavo - vanogona kuramba varombo mupfungwa kwehupenyu hwese, zvichavaomera kuti vagadzirise munharaunda uye kugadzira mhuri yakazara.