Chokwadi polypore (Fomes fomentarius) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Chokwadi polypore (Fomes fomentarius)

• Chipanje cheropa;
• Polyporus fomentarius;
• Boletus fomentaria;
• Unguline fomentaria;
• Nzara dzinotyisa.

Chokwadi tinder fungus (Fomes fomentarius) ifungus kubva kumhuri yeCoriol, yerudzi rweFomes. Saprophyte, ndeyekirasi yeAgaricomycetes, chikamu chePolypores. Yakapararira.

Tsanangudzo Yekunze

Miti yemichero yeiyi tinder fungus ndeyekusingaperi, muhowa hudiki vane chimiro chakatenderedzwa, uye mune vakakura vanova mahwanda. Iyo fungus yemhando iyi haina makumbo, saka iyo inobereka michero inoratidzwa sessile. Kubatana nepamusoro pehunde yemuti kunoitika chete kuburikidza nechepakati, chikamu chepamusoro.

Chivharo chemhando yakatsanangurwa yakakura kwazvo, mumiviri yakakura yezvibereko ine hupamhi hunosvika 40 cm uye hurefu hunosvika 20 cm. Mitswe dzimwe nguva inogona kuonekwa pamusoro pemuviri we fruiting. Rudzi rwechivharo chehowa rinogona kusiyana kubva pachiedza, grey kusvika pakadzika grey muhowa hwakaibva. Nguva nenguva chete inogona mumvuri wecap uye chibereko chemuviri weiyo chaiyo tinder fungus kuve yakareruka beige.

Iyo pulp yeiyo yakatsanangurwa fungus yakaoma, yakakora uye yakapfava, dzimwe nguva inogona kuva yehuni. Kana yakatemwa, inova velvety, suede. Muvara, nyama yeikozvino tinder fungus inowanzo tsvukuruka, yakawanda yakatsvuka-tsvuku, dzimwe nguva nutty.

Iyo tubular hymenophore yefungus ine chiedza, chakatenderedzwa spores. Paunodzvanya pairi, ruvara rwechinhu chinoshanduka kuita rakasviba. Spore poda yeiyi tinder fungus ichena muruvara, ine spores nehukuru hwe14-24 * 5-8 microns. muchimiro chadzo dzakatsetseka, muchimiro dzakaita oblong, hadzina ruvara.

Grebe mwaka uye pekugara

Iyo yechokwadi tinder fungus ndeyechikamu chesaprophytes. Ndiyo fungus iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kuonekwa kwekuora kwakachena pamatanda emiti yakaoma. Nekuda kweparasitism, kutetepa uye kuparadzwa kwehuni tishu kunoitika. Iyo fungus yerudzi urwu inoparadzirwa zvakanyanya munharaunda yeEuropean continent. Iwe unogona kuzviona kwese kwese munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope, kusanganisira Nyika Yedu. Iyo yechokwadi tinder fungus inopararisa zvakanyanya pamiti inodonha. Kudyarwa kwemabirches, mioki, alders, aspens, uye beech kazhinji kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwayo. Iwe unogona kazhinji kuwana chaiyo tinder fungus (Fomes fomentarius) pamatanda akafa, zvigutsa zvakaora uye miti yakafa. Nekudaro, inogona zvakare kukanganisa yakanyanya kusimba, asi ichiri kurarama miti inodonha. Miti mhenyu inotapukirwa nefungus iyi kuburikidza nekutsemuka kwematavi, kuputika kwehunde uye mumakwati.

Edibility

Howa isingadyiwi

Mhando dzakafanana uye kusiyana kubva kwavari

Iko hakuna kufanana nemamwe marudzi ehowa mune iyi tinder fungus. Hunhu hunoita hwefungus iyi mumvuri wechivharo uye maitiro ekutsanya kwemuviri wechibereko. Dzimwe nguva vanonhonga howa vasina ruzivo vanovhiringa iyi tinder fungus nenhema tinder fungus. Zvisinei, chimwe chinhu chemhando yakatsanangurwa yefungi ndiyo mukana wekuparadzanisa nyore kwemuviri we fruiting kubva pamusoro pemuti wemuti. Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka kana kupatsanurwa kuchiitwa nemaoko, munzira kubva pasi kumusoro.

Mamwe ruzivo nezve howa

Chinhu chikuru cheiyi tinder fungus kuvepo mukuumbwa kwayo kwezvikamu zvemushonga izvo zvinogona kudzivirira kukura kwemamota egomarara mumuviri wemunhu. Pakati payo, fungus iyi inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kunoshanda uye kurapwa kwegomarara mumatanho ekutanga.

Fomes fomentarius, sezvatotaurwa, iparasite, uye saka inogara ichikonzera kukuvadza kusingagadzirike kune zvekurima uye nzvimbo yepaki. Miti inobatwa nayo zvishoma nezvishoma inofa, iyo inoratidzwa zvakashata mukunaka kwezvisikwa zvakapoteredza.

Nhoroondo yekushandiswa kwefungus inonzi true tinder fungus inonakidza. Kare, fungus iyi yaishandiswa kugadzira tinder (chinhu chakakosha chinogona kubatidzwa zvisingaite kunyangwe nespark imwe chete). Ichi chikamu chakawanwawo mukati mokuchera mumichina yaamai vaÖtzi. Chikamu chemukati chemuviri wechibereko chemarudzi anotsanangurwa chinowanzoshandiswa nevarapi vemagariro seyakanakisa hemostatic agent. Chaizvoizvo, nekuda kwezvinhu izvi kuti mushroom muvanhu yakawana zita rekuti "sponge yeropa".

Dzimwe nguva iyo chaiyo tinder fungus inoshandiswa sechikamu mukugadzirwa kwemaoko ezviyeuchidzo. Vapfuri venyuchi vanoshandisa howa yakaomeswa kupfutidza vanoputa. Makumi mashomanana apfuura, rudzi urwu rwefungus rwakanga ruchishandiswa mukuvhiya, asi ikozvino hapana tsika yekushandisa fungus iyi munzvimbo ino.