Muzvisikwa, unogona kuwana mhuka hombe dzinodya chikafu chega chezvikafu zvemiti. Ava ndivo vechokwadi vezvinodyiwa. Iyo kamba yeGalapagos inosiyana kubva kune vamwe vayo muhukuru hwayo hukuru: kureba kwegobvu kunogona kusvika masendimita zana nemakumi matatu uye huremu hunosvika mazana matatu emakirogiramu.
Nzvimbo inogara mhuka hofori maGalapagos Islands, kana sezvavanodaidzwa kunzi Turtle Islands. Nhoroondo yezita renyika idzi iri padhuze nehukama hweGalapagos. Vafambisi vechikepe pavakamira pazvitsuwa muzana ramakore rechi15, vakaona kuti vaigara nenhamba hombe ye "Galapagos" hombe, zvinoreva kuti kamba muSpanish.
Galapagos turtles anogara kwenguva refu uye anogona kunakidzwa neupenyu kusvika pamakore zana nemakumi masere. Kunyangwe vesainzi vakanyora zviitiko zviviri pakagara mhuka inonakidza kweanopfuura makore mazana matatu: Cairo Zoo 180, pazera ramakore angangoita mazana mana, kamba hono yakafa uye munzvimbo imwechete, muna 300 "mukadzi" wehofori yakareba- chiropa pazera ramakore mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu nemashanu chakafa. kuti huremu uye saizi yenguruve dzeGalapagos dzinosiyana nenzvimbo. Semuenzaniso, muzvitsuwa zvakaoma uye zvidiki, mhuka dzine makumbo marefu uye matete, uye huremu hwayo haupfuure makirogiramu makumi matanhatu, nepo munzvimbo dzine hunyoro dzichikura kuva hofori.
Kudya kwemahombekombe mahombe kune angangoita 90% yezvikafu zvezvirimwa. Ivo vanofara vanodya huswa, makwenzi uye havatombodzivisa zvinomera zvine muchetura, izvo zvinowedzerwa zviri nyore nehurongwa hwavo hwekugaya pasina kukuvadza kuhutano. Kana ichivhima "girini inobata," iyo nzou kamba inotambanudza mutsipa wayo kana, zvinopesana, inokotama pasi pamusoro pevhu. Chaanofarira zvinozipa ndeye manzanilla uye prickly pear zvirimwa kubva kumhuri yekactus. Idye muhuwandu hwakawanda, uyezve inotora marita akati wandei emvura. Nekushomeka kwehunyoro, kamba inodzima nyota yayo neayo imwe nyama inochekera peya.
Iyo nhema chipembere imhuka ine simba, anogara mukondinendi yeAfrica (pamucheto wekutsakatika!). Kureba kwemuviri wayo kunosvika mamita matatu, uye huremu hwayo hunogona kupfuura matani maviri. Chipembere chakanamatira kunharaunda yavo, saka kunyangwe kusanaya kwakanyanya hakugone kumanikidza mhuka kutama. Kudya kwechitema chipembere chine mhando dzakasiyana dzemiti.
Aya anonyanya kuve manyowani madiki emakwenzi, aloe, agave-sansevieria, euphorbia, uye zvinomera zveAcacia genus. Mhuka haityi svutugadzike uye minzwa yeminzwa yemakwenzi. Seminwe, chipembere chinoshandisa muromo wayo wepamusoro kubata nhungirwa dzemakwenzi, ichiedza kugutsa chishuwo nenyota. Munguva inopisa yezuva, chipembere chitema chinotsumwaira mumumvuri wemiti kana kutora mabhati ekugezera padyo nemvura, uye manheru kana mangwanani-ngwanani anoenda kunotsvaga chikafu.
Zvisinei nehukuru hwayo hukuru, chipembere mumhanyi ane mbiri, kunyangwe ane chitarisiko chisina kujeka, asi achikwanisa kumhanya kusvika kumakiromita makumi mashanu muawa. Zvipembere zvitema zvinofarira kugara zvega, amai nemwana chete ndivo vanogona kuwanikwa vari vaviri vaviri. Idzi mhuka hombe dzinosiyaniswa nehunhu hwakadzikama, ivo vanokwanisa kuuya kuzobatsira vamwe vavo munguva dzakaoma.
Koala kana bere reAustralia
Koala anotaridzika sediki rebheya. Ane bhachi rakanaka, mhuno yakati sandara, uye nzeve dzakapfava. Anogara mumasango eAustralia. Iyo koala inopedza yakawanda yenguva mumiti yeminyama. Iye anokwira pamusoro pavo zvakanyanyisa, kunyangwe zvishoma nezvishoma. Haawanzoburukira pasi, kunyanya kuitira kuti akwire mumwe muti, uri kure zvakanyanya kuti usvetukire pauri.
Iyo koala inodyisa chete paeucalyptus. Inoshumira koalas seyese imba uye chikafu. Panguva dzakasiyana dzegore, koala inosarudza mhando dzakasiyana dzeeucalyptus yekudya. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti eucalyptus ine muchetura wehydrocyanic acid, uye zvinoenderana nemwaka, zvirimo acid izvi mumatombo akasiyana zvinosiyana. Iyo yakasarudzika microflora yematumbo ekoalas inoregedza mhedzisiro yeaya chepfu. Koala inodya inenge kilogiramu yemashizha pazuva. Dzimwe nguva vanogona kudya uye ivhu kuitira kuti vazadze kupihwa kwemuviri kwemaminerari.
Koalas inononoka kwazvo, inogona kuramba isingafambi kweanosvika maawa gumi nemasere. Vanowanzo rara masikati, uye usiku vanofamba kubva pamuti mumwe vachienda pane mumwe vachitsvaga chikafu.
Kukura kwemunhu mukuru koala anosvika 85 masendimita, uye huremu hunobva pa4 kusvika ku13 kg.
Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti koalas, sevanhu, vane pateni pamapads. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvigunwe zvemunwe zvekoala nemunhu zvichave zvakaoma kusiyanisa kunyangwe zvichitariswa pasi pe microscope.
Nzou yemuAfrica
Nzou ndiyo mhuka huru kwazvo pasi redu. Kukura kwayo kusvika matani gumi nemaviri. Ivo zvakare vane huropi hukuru kwazvo hunorema kusvika kumakirogiramu matanhatu. Hazvishamise kuti nzou dzinoonekwa seimwe yemhuka dzakangwara kutenderera. Vane ndangariro dzinoshamisa. Vanogona kurangarira kwete chete nzvimbo yavakange vari asiwo hunhu hwakanaka kana hwakaipa hwevanhu kwavari.
Nzou zvisikwa zvinonakidza. Hunde yavo inongoita zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa, nerubatsiro rwayo nzou inogona: kudya, kunwa, kufema, kugeza uye kunyange kurira. Zvinozivikanwa kuti nzou ine huremu hwakawanda muhombodo yayo. Nzou dzenzou dzakasimba zvakare. Vanokura muhupenyu hwese. Nyanga dzenzou dzinozivikanwa nevanhu uye, zvinosuruvarisa, nzou zhinji dzinofa nekuda kwayo. Kutengesa kunorambidzwa, asi zvinosuwisa, izvi hazvimise vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo. Vanorwira kodzero dzemhuka vauya nenzira inonakidza uye inoshanda yekudzivirira nzou: dzinosimbisa mhuka nekupenda meno avo nependi yepingi. Iyi pendi haina kushambidzwa, uye iri bhonzo harina kukodzera kugadzira zviyeuchidzo.
Nzou dzinodya zvakanyanya. Mukukura, nzou inodya anenge 136 kilograms pazuva. Vanodya michero, huswa, uye kuhukura, pamwe nemidzi yemuti. Vanorara zvishoma, angangoita maawa mana, iyo yakasara yenguva yavanopedza vachifamba nzendo refu.
Kubata mune idzi mhuka hombe kunogara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura dzimwe mhuka, ingangoita semwedzi makumi maviri nembiri. Kazhinji, hadzi inozvara mwana mumwe chete wenzou makore mana ese. Kurema kwenzou diki ingangoita 22 kg, uye kureba kwayo ingangoita mita. Zvisinei nekukura kwayo kukuru, nzou dzinongo shambira zvakanaka chete asi zvakare vanomhanya zvine mutsindo, vanosvika kumhanya kunosvika makiromita makumi matatu paawa.
Nyati - nyati dzeEurope
Nyati dzeEurope ndiyo mhuka huru kwazvo inoyamwa muEurope. Ichi chikara chine simba uye chakasimba ndiyo yega mhando yemabhuru makuru akapona kusvika nhasi. Kurema kwemunhu mukuru mhuka kunogona kusvika 1 tani, uye kureba kwemuviri kunosvika 300 cm. Iyi mhuka ine simba inosvika pakukura kwayo kukuru nezera ramakore matanhatu. Nyati dzakasimba uye dzakakura, asi izvi hazvivatadzise kubva mukufambisa uye nyore kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvinosvika pamamita maviri kukwirira. Nyati dzinorarama makore angangoita makumi maviri nemashanu, vanhukadzi vanorarama makore akati wandei pane evarume.
Kunyangwe yakadaro mhando ine simba, idzi pakutanga kuona mhuka dzinotyisa hadziise njodzi kune vamwe vagari musango, nekuti chikafu chavo ndechezvinomera chete. Kudya kwavo kunosanganisira matavi uye nhungirwa dzemakwenzi, mahebhu uye howa. Acorn uye nzungu ichave yavo yavanofarira yekuvhuvhu chikafu. Nyuchi dzinogara mumapoka. Inonyanya kuve nevakadzi nevacheche. Vanhurume vanosarudza kusurukirwa vodzokera kumombe kunosangana. Kubata mubenzi rechikadzi kunotora mwedzi mipfumbamwe. Uye awa mushure mekuzvarwa, nyati diki dzinogona kumira netsoka dzadzo dzichimhanya dzichitevera amai vadzo. Mushure memazuva makumi maviri, anenge atodya huswa ega. Asi kwemwedzi mishanu, mukadzi anoenderera mberi nekupa iwo mukaka nemukaka.
Imwe nguva nyati dzaigara musango munenge muEurope mese, asi kuvhima kwadzo nguva dzese kwakatungamira mhando kuti dzitsakatike.
Kubereka uye kumwe kuwedzera kujaira kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kudzorera idzi mhuka dzakanaka kunzvimbo yadzo yepanyama.
Nyuchi dzave pedyo nekutsakatika. Izvo zvakanyorwa muRed Book uye kuvhima kwavari kwakarambidzwa.