Iyo vertex inoumba chikamu chepamusoro chedehenya, icho chinogona kunziwo sinciput. Iyo vertex saka ndiyo yepamusoro pemusoro, chikamu chepamusoro chekakona bhokisi, muvanhu asiwo mune ese emhuka kana kunyange arthropods. Vertex, inonziwo dehenya, inoumbwa nemapfupa mana muvanhu.

Vertex inogadzira, mune ma vertexes, kusanganisira murume, pamwe nezvipembenene, kumusoro kwedehenya. Dzimwe nguva inonzi cranial cap, iyo vertex saka iri, mune anatomy, iyo yepamusoro chikamu cheiyo cranial bhokisi: ndiyo yepamusoro yepamusoro yemusoro. Inonziwo sinciput.

Mune anatomy, muvanhu, iyo cranial vertex ine ina mapfupa ehenya.

• pfupa repamberi;
• mapfupa maviri emaparietal;
• l'os occipital. 

Aya mapfupa akabatana pamwechete nemasuture. Iyo coronal suture inobatanidza iyo yepamberi uye parietal mapfupa, sagittal suture iri pakati pemaviri parietal mapfupa, uye lambdoid suture inobatana neye parietal uye occipital mapfupa.

Kufanana neese mapfupa emapundu, iyo vertex ine ina marudzi emaseru:

• osteoblasts;
• osteocytes;
• miganhu yemasero;
• kumedza. 

Uye zvakare, matrix yaro yekunze yakaverengwa, ichipa munyama uyu hunhu hwayo. Uye zvakare, izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakajeka kune x-ray, nokudaro ichibvumira kudzidza kwemapfupa ne x-ray.

Vertex inotora chikamu mukudzivirira kwehuropi, muchikamu chayo chepamusoro. Muchokwadi, iyo vertex iri pfupa tishu, saka skeletal tishu, ine ine mashini mashandiro.

Chokwadi, pfupa tishu ndeimwe yeanonyanya kusagadzikana mumuviri, saka inokwanisa kumira kumanetsi kushushikana. Aya ndiwo maratidziro anoita vertex basa rayo rekudzivirira kuenda kuhuropi padanho repamusoro pemusoro.

Yakawedzera-dural hematoma

Chirwere chinokanganisa vertex chinogadzirwa neiyo extradural hematoma, iyo inowanzo tevera kukatyamadza kukuru kunoguma nekuputika kweteri iri pamusoro pemamenji. Iyi hematoma iri inoumbwa neunganidzwa weropa uri pakati pefupa redehenya uye iyo dura, kana iyo yekunze chikamu chemameninji, envelopu inodzivirira uropi. Saka iko kubviswa kweropa pakati peimwe remapfupa ehenya iro rinoumba vertex uye nekugara kweuropi.

Yakawedzera-dural hematoma inowanikwa munzvimbo ye vertex isingawanzoitika, ingori chikamu chidiki chezvese zvinowedzera-dural hematomas. Chokwadi, iyi mhando yehematoma inongobata iyo vertex mu1 kusvika 8% yezviitiko zvese zvekuwedzera-dural hematoma. Inogona kukonzerwa nekuchema mune sagittal sinus, kunyangwe akawedzera mahematoma evertex achionekwa zvega zvakatsanangurwawo mumabhuku.

Yakawedzera-dural hematoma (EDH) yevertex ine isingasarudzika makiriniki maficha, nekudaro iyo yekiriniki yenzvimbo yemaronda yakaoma. Ichi chirwere chinogona kunge chakanyanya kana chisingaperi.

Kwakatangira kubuda ropa kunogona kuve kwakabatana, sezvatotaurwa, kuchema musagittal sinus, asi chinokonzeresa chekubuda ropa chingavewo chearterial. Zviratidzo zvakajairika kurwadziwa nemusoro kwakanyanya, kwakabatana nekurutsa.

Uye zvakare, zviitiko zveEDH zvevertex zvakabatana nehemiplegia, paraplegia, kana hemiparesis. Iyi yekuwedzera-dural hematoma yeiyo vertex inoramba isingawanzo.

Humwe hutachiona

Mamwe maratifomu ayo anogona kukanganisa vertex mapfupa ekurwara, akadai semabundu ane hutachiona kana akaipa, chirwere chePaget kana kutsemuka, muchiitiko chekutambudzika. Mamota kana pseudotumors yeiyo cranial vault, kunyanya, maronda anowanzosangana nawo mukuita kwazvino uye kuwanikwa kwaro kunowanzo kuve kwakashata. Ivo vanowanzo kuve benign.

Yakawedzera-dural hematoma iri padanho revertex inogona, zvichienderana nesaizi yehematoma, chinzvimbo chekiriniki chemurwere uye zvimwe zvinobatana neradiological zvakawanikwa, kurapwa. Kuchengetedza kukuru kunofanirwa kutorwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa, sezvo kuchema mune sagittal sinus kunogona kutungamira mukurasikirwa kweropa uye kunyangwe embolism.

Humwe hutachiona hwevertex hunorapwa kungaitwa nemishonga yekurapa kurwadziwa, kana nekuvhiyiwa, kana, mune bundu, nekuvhiya, kana kunyange chemotherapy uye radiotherapy mune bundu. zvakaipa zvebhonzo iri.

Iko kuongororwa kweyekuwedzera-dural hematoma iri padanho revertex kunogona kukonzera kuongororwa kwekuvhiringidzika. A CT scan (computed tomography) yemusoro inogona kubatsira mukuongororwa. Nekudaro, chengetedzo inofanirwa kutorwa kuti isakanganisa nechakagadzirwa kana subdural hematoma.

Muchokwadi, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) chishandiso chiri nani chekuongorora chinogona kusimbisa izvi. Kuongororwa kwekutanga pamwe nekurapwa nekukurumidza kweiyo extradural hematoma kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa kufa pamwe nehurwere hwakabatana neichi chirwere chisingawanzoitika.

Nekuongororwa kweimwe pfupa pathologies, iyo kiriniki pikicha inowanzo kuve yakabatana nemifananidzo yekufungidzira kuitira kuti uone kana kutsemuka kana kutsemuka, kana benign kana yakaipa malonda, kana chirwere chaPaget.

Nyaya yekutanga yeakawedzera-dural vertex hematoma yakataurwa muna 1862, naGuthrie. Kana iri yekutanga kesi yakatsanangurwa mumabhuku esainzi ayo MRI yaishandiswa pakuongorora kweimwe-dural hematoma ye vertex, yakatanga kubva muna 1995.

Chekupedzisira, zvakazoitika kuti iyo pathophysiology yehematoma inokanganisa vertex yakasiyana zvakanyanya neiyo yekuwedzera-kwemashure mahematoma ari kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehenya. , kana iyo hematoma iri mu vertex, nepo panguva imwechete diki, asymptomatic hematoma iri mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehenya inogona kusada kuvhiyiwa.