Mukati
Chikafu chakasakara kana chine tsvina chakazara nenjodzi dzakawanda nezvirwere. Kuchengetedza kusina kunaka, kusvibiswa nefungus uye mabhakitiriya, mvura yakashata inoyerera, iyo inosuka zvigadzirwa, kusakwana kwekupisa kupisa - zvose izvi zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvisingafadzi uye mamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi. Chii chine ngozi pakudya kwemazuva ose?
E. coli
Mumatumbo edu munogara mabhakitiriya mazhinji, uye chiyero chezuva nezuva chinosiyana zvichienderana nechikafu chinopihwa kumuviri. Zvose hazvina mhosva, kunze kweO157:H7. Utachiona uhu hunokonzeresa chepfu yechikafu chakanyanya chinotungamira kumatambudziko akakomba ehutano. Kutapuriranwa nezvokudya zvakasvibiswa nezvokudya: zvinhu zvakabikwa kana kuti zvisina kunyatsogadzirwa kubva munyama yakagayiwa, mukaka mbishi, michero, uye miriwo yakasangana netsvina yemhuka dzine utachiona.
Matanho: nyatso kubika chikafu zvishoma pane tembiricha yemadhigirii makumi manomwe. Michero miriwo nemiriwo zvinofanirwa kuve nekushambidza kwakanaka mumvura inotonhora inotonhora.
Norovirus
Utachiona hutumbu hunopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemichero nemiriwo isina kushambidzwa, mvura yakasviba, uye zvinhu zvemumba. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona kuoneka mushure mezuva kana maviri mushure mehutachiona. Zvinokonzera kurutsa, ura kusagadzikana, nefivha.
Matanho: Shamba chigadzirwa usati washandisa, nyatso kubika shellfish, uye geza maoko ako usati wadya. Norovirus inourawa patembiricha inopfuura 60 degrees.
Salmonella
Aya mabhakitiriya ari mumazai, uye kazhinji, anova chikonzero chechirwere. Salmonella inowanikwa munyama nemukaka zvigadzirwa, hove, uye hove. 2 mazuva pashure utachiona zvinopinza kunomutsa tembiricha, anotanga kurutsa, manyoka, musoro.
Matanho: bika mazai kusvikira asimbisa solidial yealbumen uye yolk, nyama yehuku, uye minced yekubika kusvika nyoro.
Botulism
Chirwere ichi chinokonzerwa nehupfu hwebhakitiriya reClostridium botulinum hakutapurirwa kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu. Utachiona hunoitika kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemumagaba, kusanganisira kugadzirira kwemumba.
Chiito: kana chivharo chiri mugaba chakazvimba, kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa hakugoneke. Makani epamba zvirinani kufashaidzwa usati washandiswa uye isu tinofanirwa kuzvichengeta zvakanaka mufiriji.
Campylobacter
Utachiona hwemhando iyi hunogona kutapukirwa nekudya nyama isina kuibva, huku, uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvisina kubikwa. , Panguva imwe chete, kuti uwane hutachiona, zvinokwana donho rimwe chete rejusi renyama ine utachiona.
Chiito: inofanira kushandiswa pakucheka zvigadzirwa zvenyama chete bhodhi rekucheka rakasiyana, nyatsoitarisira mushure mekubika, uye nyama inofanira kupiswa kusvika pakupisa kunobvumirwa.
Listeria
Iyo Bactria-inotonhora inopfuudzwa kuburikidza nechikafu. Inozviratidza mukudzivirira hutachiona, manyoka, kupisa muviri, kusvotwa, uye kurutsa.
Matanho: bika nyama kusvika yanyatsogadzirwa, nyatso geza michero nemiriwo, dzivisa kuchengetedza chikafu chakakangwa uye chakagadzirwa mufiriji kweanopfuura mazuva matatu.
Clostridium perfringens
Iyi bhakitiriya ndeyepathogenic microflora yemunhu. Vari muura hwemunhu. Zvigadzirwa zvine ngozi zvakasvibiswa nehupfu hwebhakitiriya: nyama, huku, nyemba, nezvimwe.
Matanho: bika nyama kuti upedze kugadzirira, uye chikafu chose mufiriji kupisa usati wadya.
shigella
Izvo zvinokonzeresa zvemanyoka zvinopinda mumuviri kuburikidza nemvura uye chikafu. Kusuruvara kwepamuviri, manyoka, kutonhora, kurutsa, kupisa muviri kunofanira kupfuura mukati memazuva mashanu; kana zvisiri, iwe unozoda nzira yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Chiito: inwa mvura yakabhoderedzwa uye idya zvakabikwa zvakabikwa.
Bacilli
Bacillus cereus ndiyo inokonzera muchengeti wekudya chepfu. Hutachiona hunowanda patembiricha yomukati uye hunopa zviratidzo zvose zvisingafadzi mumaawa mashoma mushure mekutapukirwa.
Matanho: usadya chikafu chasara patafura kwenguva yakareba, chengeta chikafu mufiriji chiine chivharo chakavharwa, uye usadye chikafu chinoparara mushure mekupera kwekuchengetedza kwavo.
Vibrio
Aya mabhakitiriya anogara mumvura yemunyu uye anokura mumwedzi inodziya yezhizha. Dzinokanganisafishfish, kunyanya oysters. Kudya ivo mbishi kune njodzi huru.
Matanho: usadye zvegungwa mbishi kana usina chokwadi kuti vanofamba sei uye mhando yavo. Oyster, mussels, uye clams dzinobika kwemaminitsi mashanu kana kupfuura kusvikira pasink yabuda.