Pamwe chete nezhizha, kune akawanda matsutso emitsara yemitsara: maererano nevateveri ve "howa kuvhima", howa idzi dzine kuravira kwakapfuma. Uyezve, mukudonha unogona kuwana mhando mbiri chete dzemitsara isingadyike, uye howa uhu huri nyore kusiyanisa kubva kune hunodyiwa nehunhu hwahwo husingafadze hwema. Kunyangwe hazvo nyaya idzi dzemichero dzakaiswa muchikamu chechina chete, vanonhonga howa vanovaunganidza nekunakidzwa.
Mitsara yaSeptember inowanzowanikwa pakati pemasango akasanganiswa ane predominance yespruce. Kunze, ivo vanofadza ziso, dense, stately, nechimiro chakanaka. Kune vakawanda vanoda howa uhu hunonhuhwirira hune nhuhwira yakasarudzika.
MunaOctober, mitsara inonhuwa inowanzowanikwa. Dzinokura zvakanyanya pedyo nenzira uye mumasango akachena. Muna Gumiguru, iwe unofanirwa kunhuhwirira howa dzese. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iwe uchakurumidza kuziva howa uhu hunonhuhwirira hwemakemikari hune njodzi kudyiwa. Ipapo iwe uchazvisiyanisa kubva kune yakafanana njiva mitsara inodyiwa iyo isinganhuhwi chero chinhu.
Muna Gumiguru, unogona kuwana mitsara yakanaka inodyiwa tsvuku-yero. Kana mazaya asina kupfuura, saka anopenya uye anoyevedza. Mushure mechando, ruvara rwechivharo runopera.
Usati wapinda musango, tsvaga kuti howa hwakaita sei uye kwahunokura.
Zvinodyiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemitsara
Row grey (Tricholoma portentosum).
Nzvimbo dzeiyi dzakasiyana-siyana dze autumn howa: masango akasanganiswa uye coniferous, achikura mumapoka.
Mwaka: Gunyana - Mbudzi.
Hat 5-12 cm muhupamhi, dzimwe nguva kusvika 16 cm, pakutanga convex-bell-shaped, gare gare convex prostrate. Chinhu chakasiyana chezvipenyu ndeye grey grey kana chiedza chekrimu chepamusoro chine rima-greyish-brown centre, dzimwe nguva ine violet kana muorivhi tint; nzvimbo yacho ine radially fibrous ine yakasviba radial fiber pakati. Pakati pechivharo chehowa, mutsara we grey unowanzova neflat tubercle. Muzvienzaniso zviduku, nzvimbo yacho yakatsetseka uye inonamira.
Gumbo 5-12 cm kureba, 1-2,5 cm gobvu, greyish-yellowish, yakafukidzwa neupfu hwekuputira muchikamu chepamusoro. Dzinde ipfupi, yakakora pahwaro.
Nyama ine chena uye yakaonda nekunakirwa kwehupfu uye kunhuwa, pakutanga yakasimba, gare gare yakakora. Pasi peganda revhavha, nyama ine grey. Mune howa dzakakura, kunhuhwirira kunogona kunge kunotyisa.
Mahwendefa machena, kirimu kana greyish-yellow, akatwasuka uye akabatanidzwa nezino pahunde kana mahara. Mucheto wechivharo nendiro, pavanenge vachichembera, unogona kunge wakafukidzwa nemavara eyero.
Kusiyana: fungus inosiyana zvakanyanya muvara zvichienderana nedanho rekukura, nguva uye hunyoro hwemwaka.
Mhando dzakafanana: maererano netsanangudzo, grey row mushroom inogona kuvhiringidzika nemutsara wesipo (Tricholoma saponaceum), iyo yakafanana muchimiro uye ruvara pazera duku, asi inosiyana muhupo hwekunhuhwirira kwakasimba kwesipo mu pulp.
Nzvimbo dzekugara: masango akasanganiswa uye coniferous, achikura mumapoka.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
Nzira dzekubika: frying, kufashaira, salting. Zvichipa kunhuhwirira kwakashata, hazvikurudzirwi kutora howa dzakanyanya kukura, kuwedzera, kuderedza kunhuhwirira kunopisa, zvinokurudzirwa kubika mumvura mbiri.
Iyi mifananidzo inoratidza zvakajeka tsananguro yegrey row:
Crowded Row (Lyophyllum decastes).
Nzvimbo dzekugara: masango, mapaki nemapindu, patsangadzi, pedyo nezvitunha uye paivhu rine humus, inokura mumapoka makuru.
Howa hunodyiwa mwaka wakamonyoroka mutsara: Chikunguru - Gumiguru.
Hat 4-10 cm muhupamhi, dzimwe nguva kusvika 14 cm, pakutanga hemispherical, gare gare convex. Chinhu chekutanga chakasiyana chezvipenyu ndezvekuti howa hunokura muboka rakakora rine mabhesi akasanganiswa nenzira yekuti zvinonetsa kuaparadzanisa. Chechipiri chinosiyaniswa chemhando iyi ivhu rakaputika, risina kuenzana pamusoro pekepisi yebrownish kana grey-brown ine mipendero yakadzikira.
Sezvauri kuona mumufananidzo, mumutsara uyu wepakati, ruvara rwekapu yakawedzera kuzara kana kusviba kupfuura parinoperera:
Kazhinji pane diki, yakakura tubercle pakati.
Gumbo 4-10 cm kureba, 6-20 mm gobvu, gobvu, rakachena chose pamusoro, grey-white kana grey-brown pazasi, dzimwe nguva rakatsetseka uye rakakombama.
Iyo pulp yakachena, yakakora pakati pechivharo, kuravira uye kunhuwa kunofadza.
Mahwendefa anonamatira, kazhinji, machena kana asina-chena, akamanikana.
Kusiyana: fungus inosiyana zvakanyanya muvara zvichienderana nedanho rekukura, nguva uye hunyoro hwemwaka.
Chepfu yakafanana mhando. Mutsara wakazara vanhu unoratidzika kunge une chepfu yellowish grey entoloma (Entoloma lividum), iyo zvakare ine wavy edges uye yakafanana grey-brown cap ruvara. Musiyano mukuru ndewekunhuhwirira kweupfu mu pulp ye entoloma uye yakaparadzana, pane kukura kwakawanda.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
Nzira dzekubika: salting, frying uye marinating.
Tarisa mapikicha anoratidza tsananguro yemitsara inodyika:
Mutsara wenjiva (Tricholoma columbetta).
Nzvimbo dzekugara: masango anotema uye akasanganiswa, munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, anokura mumapoka kana mumwe.
Mwaka: Chikunguru - Gumiguru.
Cap 3-10 cm muhupamhi, dzimwe nguva kusvika 15 cm, yakaoma, yakatsetseka, pakutanga hemispherical, gare gare convex-prostrate. Chinhu chakasiyana chezvipenyu ndeye bumpy uye yakasimba wavy pamusoro pe cap, nyanga dzenzou kana white-cream. Pane makwapa eyero nechepakati.
Tarisa pamufananidzo - mune howa kukwasva, pamusoro pepigeon cap ine radially fibrous:
Gumbo 5-12 cm kureba, 8-25 mm gobvu, cylindrical, dense, elastic, pachigadziko ane zvishoma kuderera. Iyo pulp yakachena, yakakora, ine nyama, gare gare pinkish ine mealy kunhuhwirira uye kunakidza howa kuravira, kutendeuka pink panguva yekuzorora.
Mahwendefa acho anowanzo, akatanga akabatanidzwa kune stem, gare gare akasununguka.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Maererano netsanangudzo, mutsara wenjiva inodyiwa pakutanga kwekukura kwakafanana nemutsara wegrey (Tricholoma portentosum), iyo inodyiwa uye ine kunhuhwirira kunofadza kwakasiyana. Sezvavanokura, mutsauko unowedzera nekuda kwegrey ruvara rweheti yegrey row.
Zvinodyiwa, chikamu 4, vanogona kubikwa uye kubikwa.
Yellow-red rowing (Tricholomopsis rutilans).
Nzvimbo dzekugara: masango akavhenganiswa uye coniferous, kazhinji papine uye yakaora spruce stumps kana miti yakawa, inowanzokura mumapoka makuru.
Mwaka: Chikunguru - Gunyana.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye5 kusvika ku12 cm, dzimwe nguva inosvika 15 cm, mudiki diki sampuli inoita senge kavha yakapinza, ine bhero-yakaita chimiro, yobva yaita convex nemipendero yakakotama uye diki diki tubercle mukati. pakati, uye mumienzaniso yakakura yakagwadama, ine pakati yakaora mwoyo zvishoma. Chinhu chakasiyana chezvipenyu ndeye tsvuku-cherry yunifomu ruvara rwechivharo mune zviduku-duku, zvino inova yero-tsvuku ine mumvuri wakasviba pane blunt tubercle, uye mukukura nepakati yakaora mwoyo zvishoma.
Tarisa pamufananidzo - uyu mutsara unodyika une ganda rakaoma, reyero-orenji rine zvikero zvidiki zvitsvuku.
Gumbo 4-10 cm kureba uye 0,7-2 cm mukobvu, cylindrical, inogona kunge yakakora zvishoma pasi, yakatsvuka, ine zvikero zvitsvuku zvinoputika, kazhinji mhango. Ruvara rwakafanana nemuvara nekepisi kana kuti zvishoma zvishoma, mukati mechikamu chedzinde ruvara rwakanyanya.
Iyo pulp ndeyero, gobvu, fibrous, dense nekunaka kunotapira uye kunhuhwirira kunovava. Spores ari light cream.
Mahwendefa endarama yero, zai yero, sinuous, adherent, nhete.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Mutsara weyero-tsvuku unozivikanwa zviri nyore nekuda kwemavara ayo anoyevedza uye nekutaridzika kwakanaka. Mhando yacho haiwanzo uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakanyorwa muRed Book, chimiro chiri 3R.
Nzira dzekubika: salting, marinating.
Zvinodyiwa, 4th chikamu.
Iyi mifananidzo inoratidza howa hwekukwasva, hunotsanangurwa pamusoro apa:
Izvi zvinotevera mapikicha uye tsananguro dzemhando dzisingadyike dzemitsara.
Mhando dzisingadyike dzemitsara
Pseudo-white rowing (Tricholoma pseudoalbum)
Nzvimbo dzekugara: masango ane deciduous uye akasanganiswa, anowanikwa mumapoka maduku uye ari oga.
Mwaka: Nyamavhuvhu - Gumiguru.
Iyo cap ine dhayamita ye3 kusvika ku8 cm, pakutanga hemispherical, gare gare convex. Chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chezvipenyu ndechechena, chena-cream, white-pink hat.
Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo, mutsara uyu usingadyike une hunde 3-9 cm kureba, 7-15 mm gobvu, yekutanga chena, gare gare chena-kirimu kana chena-pingi:
Nyama ine chena, gare gare yakaita yero zvishoma nekunhuhwirira kwehupfu.
Mahwendefa anotanga kuomerera, gare gare anenge akasununguka, ane ruvara rwekrimu.
Kusiyana: ruvara rwechivharo runosiyana kubva kuchena kusvika kuchena-cream, white-pink nenyanga dzenzou.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Pseudo-white rowing yakafanana muchimiro uye saizi kusvika May row (Tricholoma gambosa), iyo inosiyaniswa nekuvapo kwenzvimbo dzakapfava dzepinki uye dzakasvibirira paheti.
Chisingadyiwi nekuda kwekuravira kusingafadzi.
Mirowweed inonhuwa (Tricholoma inamoenum).
Panokura mutsara unonhuwa: masango anotema uye akasanganiswa, munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, anokura mumapoka kana mumwe.
Mwaka: June - Gumiguru.
Iyo cap ndeye 3-8 cm mudhayamita, dzimwe nguva kusvika 15 cm, yakaoma, yakatsetseka, pakutanga hemispherical, gare gare convex prostrate. Mipendero inoshanduka zvishoma nezera. Rudzi rwekepisi rwakachena kana nyanga dzenzou pakutanga, uye nezera rine mavara ebrown kana eyero. Kumusoro kwechivharo kunowanzo putika. Mucheto wechivharo wakakotama pasi.
Gumbo rakareba, 5-15 cm kureba, 8-20 mm gobvu, cylindrical, dense, elastic, ine ruvara rwakafanana nevhavha.
Iyo pulp yakachena, yakakora, ine nyama. Chinhu chakasiyana chemhando yemhando ndeyekunhuwa, kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kwehowa diki nevakuru. Kunhuwa uku kwakafanana nekweDDT kana gasi remwenje.
Zvinyorwa zvepakati frequency, adherent, white kana cream color.
kufanana nemamwe marudzi. Mutsara unonhuwa padanho rekutanga rekukura wakafanana ne grey row (Tricholoma portentosum), inodyiwa uye ine hwema hwakasiyana, kwete caustic, asi inofadza. Sezvavanokura, mutsauko unowedzera nekuda kwegrey ruvara rweheti yegrey row.
Izvo hazvigoneki nekuda kwekunhuhwirira kwakasimba kusingafadzi, iyo isingabviswi kunyange nemota refu.
Mumuunganidzwa uyu unogona kuona mapikicha emitsara inodyika uye isingadyike:
